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  • 1990-1994  (13)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1930-1934
  • 1990  (13)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 61 (1990), S. 3277-3279 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: For the MTX experiment, we use a network of computers for plasma diagnostic data acquisition and analysis. This multivendor network employs VMS, UNIX, and BASIC based computers connected in a local area Ethernet network. Some of the data is acquired directly into a VAX/VMS computer cluster over a fiber-optic serial CAMAC highway. Several HP-Unix workstations and HP-BASIC instrument control computers acquire and analyze data for the more data intensive or specialized diagnostics. The VAX/VMS system is used for global analysis of the data and serves as the central data archiving and retrieval manager. Shot synchronization and control of data flow are implemented by task-to-task message passing using our interprocess communication system. The system has been in operation during our initial MTX tokamak and FEL experiments; it has operated reliably with data rates typically in the range of 5 Mbytes/shot without limiting the experimental shot rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In the microwave tokamak experiment (MTX) program, we are concentrating on experiments using intense, free-electron laser (FEL) generated microwave pulses. In initial FEL experiments, several diagnostic instruments were operated during injection of microwave pulses with peak powers to 0.2 GW at durations of 10 ns. Fixed and spatially scanning microwave detectors and receivers and a 48-element calorimeter on the inside wall of MTX diagnosed the GW-level FEL microwave pulses. With these diagnostics, linear-wave absorption and efficiencies of transmission through the quasi-optical transport system were studied. In addition, several radially resolved measurements of plasma density, temperature, and emission were made during FEL injection and were used in the analysis of microwave absorption data. A timing system, slaved to the FEL pulse arrival time, is capable of accuracy to a few nanoseconds in order to allow measurement of heating effects on the time scale of a single FEL pulse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 594 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 281 (1990), S. 541-543 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Histochemistry ; Stratum corneum ; Foot pad function ; Cats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
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    Unknown
    Wien : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of economics/Zeitschrift für Nazionalökonomie. 51 (1990) 110 
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Phasediagram ; phospholipids ; calorimetry ; freeze-fracture electronmicroscopy ; NMR ; 31Pdemixing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Differential-scanning-calorimetry, freeze-fracture electron microscopy, and31P-NMR spectroscopy were used to study the lyotropic and thermotropic properties of the system dihexadecylphosphatidylcholine/dihexadecylphosphatidic acid/water/ NaOH in dispersion with excess water at pH=14. The phase diagram showed that both phospholipids are demixed nearly completely in the gel phase. The coexistence of theP β′ and theB β-phase in the mixtures was pointed out in the freeze-fracture electron micrographs by the “ripple structure” (P β′-phase) and by the lamellar structure (B β-phase).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Irrigation science 11 (1990), S. 77-81 
    ISSN: 1432-1319
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Different soils are known to affect the amount and distribution of both available water and roots. Optimising irrigation water use, especially when shallow water-tables are present requires accurate knowledge of the root zone dynamics. This study was conducted to determine the effect of two soil types on root growth, soil water extraction patterns, and contributions of a water-table to crop evaporation (E). Two weighing lysimeters (L1 and L2) with undisturbed blocks of soil were used. The soil in L1 had higher hydraulic conductivity and lower bulk density than that in L2. Well watered conditions were maintained by irrigation for the first 110 days from sowing (DFS). Root length density (RLD) was calculated from observations made in clear acrylic tubes installed into the sides of the lysimeters. Volumetric soil water contents were measured with a neutron probe. A water-table (EC = 0.01 S m-1) was established 1 m below the soil surface 18 DFS. RLD values were greater in L1 than L2 at any depth. In L1, maximum RLD values (3 × 104 m m-3) were measured immediately above the water-table at physiological maturity (133 DFS). In L2, maximum RLD values (1.5 × 104 m m-3) were measured at 0.42 m on 120 DFS and few roots were present above the water-table. From 71 to 74 DFS, 55 and 64% of E was extracted from above 0.2 m for L1 and L2, respectively. In L2, extraction was essentially limited to the upper 0.4 m, while L1 extraction was to 0.8 m depth. Around 100 DFS the water-table contributed 29% (L1) and 7% (L2) of the water evaporated. This proportion increased rapidly as the upper soil layers dried following the last substantial irrigation 106 DFS. Over the whole season the water-table contributed 24% in L1 and 6.5% in L2 of total E.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1319
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Accurate estimation of crop evaporation from a range of soil types is fundamental to the continued improvement of irrigation management. In this experiment soybean crop evaporation was measured using two weighing lysimeters, one with an undisturbed block of Hanwood loam (L1), the other with undisturbed Mundiwa clay loam (L2). Although both soils have clay profiles the Hanwood loam was much more freely draining. A fresh water-table (EC = 0.01 S m-1) was maintained 1 m below the soil surface of each lysimeter after 18 days from sowing (DFS). The crop (var. Chaffey) was sown on 18 November 1985 both in and around the lysimeters and was harvested 136 days later. Early crop growth was slower in L2 but growth stages after 60 DFS were similar to L1. Estimated leaf area indices exceeded 3 about 51 and 56 DFS for L1 and L2 respectively and were both greater than 9 at 90 DFS. The crop was well watered until at least 110 DFS. However daily rates of evaporation (E) from L1 noticeably exceeded those of L2 beginning around 50 DFS and increased to 30% greater for the period 70 to 115 DFS. This difference was not due to incorrect calibration. Plant water status measurements were generally similar although covered leaf water potential and foliage temperature values indicated that plants on L1 were less well hydrated than on L2. The causes of the E difference are not known, but it was observed that plants in L2 were about 0.1 m shorter than the surrounding plants which were similar in stature to those in L1. It was speculated that this difference in height created a shelter effect which reduced the net radiant energy absorbed by the canopy at low sun angles and reduced the wind speed controlling the turbulent exchange of water vapour. This study highlights the lack of under-standing that exists about the effect that small discontinuities in crop height can have on the spatial variability of evaporation within crops.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Irrigation science 11 (1990), S. 233-237 
    ISSN: 1432-1319
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In a previous experiment, evaporation from soybeans (Glycine max L.) in two weighing lysimeters with different soil types was found to differ by up to 30%. This occurred despite good canopy development and maintenance of well watered conditions. The present experiment sought to repeat the previous observation and to define its cause. Soybeans were sown in and around the two weighing lysimeters on 9 December 1987 and were well watered through the entire season. The lysimeters, L1 and L2 contained undisturbed blocks of Hanwood loam and Mundiwa clay loam soils, respectively, both Rhodoxeralfs. Crop growth, radiant energy interception, soil heat flux, canopy temperature and root growth were monitored through the season. Plant growth in L2 was slower than in L1 such that by 46 days from sowing (DFS), L1 plants had one leaf more on average than those in L2 and by 76 DFS plants in L2 were about 0.1 m shorter than those in either L1 or in the area immediately surrounding it. The ratio of L2 to L1 daily evaporation was 0.76 during the period 75 to 84 DFS; this being very similar to the effect observed previoulsy. The crop canopy in a 100 m2 area centred around L2 was reduced in height by removing the top 0.15 m at 85 DFS. This treatment caused the L2∶L1 evaporation ratio to increase to 1.07. The effect of reducing the height of plants surrounding L2 was to increase net radiant energy intercepted in the canopy of the L2 plants and to change the turbulent transfer processes over the L2 canopy. Shading from the taller surrounding plants was estimated to have reduced evaporation by 4% while increased aerodynamic resistance above the L2 canopy as the result of the height discontinuity accounted for a further 20% reduction. This study highlights limitations in the application of one dimensional energy balance theory to non-ideal canopy configurations and to the care needed to ensure plant growth within lysimeters is the same as the surrounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 375 (1990), S. 289-294 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Colonic necrosis ; Necrotizing pancreatitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Kolonnekrose ist eine seltene, jedoch häufig letal verlaufende Komplikation der nekrotisierenden Pankreatitis. Von 159 Patienten mit nekrotisierender Pankreatitis, welche wir im Zeitraum 1986–1988 behandelten, kam es bei 10 Patienten entsprechend 6,3% zu einer Kolonläsion im Krankheitsverlauf. Alle 10 Patienten wurden operiert. Wir sahen hierbei hinsichtlich des zeitlichen Auftretens und der Ausdehnung der Kolonläsionen 2 unterschiedliche Erscheinungsformen. Einmal frühzeitig, d. h. innerhalb der 1. Krankheitswoche aufgetretene, langstreckige, im wesentlichen ischämische Kolonnekrosen, zum anderen sich später manifestierende, lokalisierte, ausschließlich die linke Kolonflexur betreffende Nekrosen, welche am ehesten als Komplikation bei fortbestehenden infizierten Pankreasrestnekrosen anzusehen waren. Hinsichtlich der Kolonläsion erfolgte bei 9 Patienten die Kolondiskontinuitätsresektion und einmal die lokale Exzision mit Übernähung bei zusätzlich vorgeschalteter Kolostomie. Trotz beherrschbarer Kolonkomplikation überlebten von diesen 10 Patienten nur 1, wobei sich bei allen diesen Patienten mit ausgedehnten Pankreasnekrosen von Anfang an schwere Verlaufsformen abzeichneten und sie sich zum Zeitpunkt des Auftretens der Kolonläsion bereits in einem fortgeschrittenen toxischen und septischen Zustand mit eingetretenem Mehrorganversagen befanden.
    Notes: Summary Necrosis of the colon is a rare but often fatal complication of necrotizing pancreatitis. Among 159 patients with necrotizing pancreatitis who were treated between 1 January 1986 and 31 December 1988, a colonic lesion developed in 10 patients (6.3%). All 10 patients underwent surgery. With regard to the time of occurrence and the extent of the lesion two types could be distinguished: first, extensive, probably ischemic colonic necrosis developed early in the course of the disease, i.e., within the 1st week; second, localized lesions mainly in the region of the left colonic flexure occurred much later and were considered to be a complication related to persistent infection in the remaining pancreatic necroses. The colonic lesions were treated by resection and fecal diversion in 9 patients and by local excision with direct closure and additional diverting colostomy in one patient. Even though the colonic complications could be controlled, only 1 of the 10 patients survived. This can be explained by the fact that all these patients had a severe form of the disease with extensive pancreatic necroses and were in a septic-toxic state with multiple organ failure at the time the colonic lesion occurred.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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