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  • 1995-1999  (815)
  • 1995  (815)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (734)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging  (81)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dielectric investigation of isotropic and anisotropic solutions of cellulose acetate in dioxane (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 37 (1995), S. 27-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: cellulose acetate ; dioxane solutions ; dielectric behaviour ; anisotropy ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The dielectric and optical characteristics of a sample of cellulose acetate (DS = 2.45) in dioxane solutions were studied at 10-50°C of concentration 10-50 wt% to include both isotropic and anisotropic phases. The study showed that the loss maximum, εmax″, magnitude of polarization, (ε0 - ε∞), static dielectric constant, ε0, time of relation, (2πfm)-1, and refractive index, nD, steadily increase with concentration up to the critical concentration (41 wt%) and then decrease. The mean-square dipole moment, 〈gμ2〉, decreases steadily up to the critical concentration then remains nearly constant, indicating that the isotropic solution changes to anisotropic, with smaller mean-square dipole moment. Comparison between the results of cellulose acetate (CA) and those of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) reveals that, at the critical concentration in dioxane, the cholesteric structure of HPC possesses a greater mean-square dipole moment with higher temperature coefficient than does CA. The activation energy of the relaxation process for hydroxypropyl cellulose is higher, indicating a greater intrachain interaction compared with cellulose acetate.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.1995.210370103
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple-beam Fizeau fringes crossing a fibre of trilobal shaped cross-section (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 38 (1995), S. 191-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: Perlon ; trilobal ; multiple beam ; interferometry ; orientation ; skin-core ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Theoretical and experimental treatments of the shape of Fizeau fringes crossing a fibre of Trilobal-shaped cross-section assumed to consist of a single medium are presented. A New mathematical expression is derived and used to estimate the refractive indices and the birefringence of Perlon (polycaprolactam) fibre. The resulting data are used to calculate the polarizability per unit volume. Cauchy's dispersion constants, the isotropic refractive index and the variation of refractive index with temperature are reported. The results are in agreement with previously published data. The data are illustrated by microinterferograms.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.1995.210380212
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of Fizeau fringes crossing fibres with trilobal shaped cross-section having skin-core structure (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 38 (1995), S. 233-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: Perlon ; trilobal ; multiple beam ; interferometry ; orientation ; skin-core ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A mathematical formula is derived for the shape of multiple-beam Fizeau fringes crossing a trilobal fibre having a core surrounded by multiple skins. Fizeau fringes in transmission crossing the fibre were obtained experimentally to calculate their optical parameters. Microinterferograms are given for illustration.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.1995.210380303
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Colorimetric evaluation of thermooxidative degradation of nylon 6 fibers (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 57 (1995), S. 265-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Nylon 6 fibers were annealed in air at 160°C for periods ranging from 1 to 10 h. Their spectral reflectance values were measured. Color parameters, including luminance factor, dominant wavelength, purity, and the color difference between annealed nylon 6 fiber samples and unheated ones were calculated. The observed variations in the colors of samples were assumed due to the thermal and oxidation degradations. The behavior of the color parameters with heating duration was compared with the general kinetic curve of thermooxidative degradation of polymers and the match between them is discussed. The color difference ΔE values is recommended for monitoring the thermooxidative degradation of nylon 6 fibers. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1995.070570303
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optothermal properties of fibers. I. Relations between optical properties and change of the density and mechanical loss factor for annealed polyester fibers (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 56 (1995), S. 1355-1366 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Polyester (Egyptain manufacturers) fibers were annealed in the temperature range 80-190°C for time intervals from 1 to 10 h. The density of the annealed fibers was measured by a system based on the theory of vibrating strings. The fiber diameter was also determined, using the laser forward diffraction technique. Refractive indices and birefringence for annealed fibers at different temperatures and constant time, 1 h, were measured by the polarizing interference microscope. The behavior of fiber density and the mechanical loss factor at different annealing temperatures and times were discussed at different optical parameters. The results obtained clarify the effect of annealing time and temperatures on the optical, density, and mechanical loss factor behavior of polyester fibers. Microinterferograms are given for illustration. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1995.070561017
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Codiluent effect on the properties of UV-cured films (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 57 (1995), S. 953-960 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Different formulations were developed with an urethane oligomer combined with a number of reactive diluents with different functionalities such as N-vinylpyrrolidone (monofunctional), butanediol diacrylate (difunctional), tripropylene glycol diacrylate (difunctional), and trimethylolpropane triacrylate (trifunctional). The films were prepared with these formulations and cured under UV radiation in the presence of the photoinitiator Irgacura 184. Their properties were characterized. The effect of codiluents of low glass transition temperatures like ethyl hexyl acrylate and methoxyethyl acrylate on the properties of these films was studied. These formulations were then applied as thin coatings on the leather surface in order to study the improvement of the leather substrate. Both tensile strength and elongation of the treated leather increased. The gloss of the coated leather was also enhanced. Incorporation of a plasticizer into these systems substantially improved the rheological properties of the coated leather. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1995.070570807
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural characterization of polyester resins by electrospray mass spectrometry (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 56 (1995), S. 1589-1597 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Sixteen different polyester paint resins have been examined by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) in a novel application of the technique for structural analysis of polyesters. Synthetic resins typically contain a range of polymeric structures comprised of various ratios of the monomeric components. When polyesters are analyzed by ESI-MS, singly and doubly charged ions are produced and oligomeric species of the polyesters can be clearly identified. The addition of alkali metal salts to the polyester samples and modification of the solvent system was also found to dramatically enhance the ESI-MS efficiency of polyesters. The ESI mass spectra enabled identification of the range and relative abundance of chemical structures present in each sample. Using this information, average molecular weights, polydispersity, the distribution of acid versus alcohol end groups, overall monomer proportions, average functionality per molecule, and average frequency of branching per molecule have been calculated. The identities of peaks in the ESI-MS spectra have been confirmed by tandem mass spectrometry. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1995.070561209
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leukoencephalopathy with swelling in children and adolescents: MRI patterns and differential diagnosis (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 679-686 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Leukoencephalopathy ; White matter swelling ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In children, several neurological disorders are characterised by spongiform leukoencephalopathy. MRI of the brain typically shows white matter swelling, but does not enable differentiation of the various underlying disorders. The aim of this article is optimisation of the diagnostic value of MRI in leukoencephalopathy accompanied by swelling. MRI-based inclusion criteria were met by 20 patients in our database. The images were analysed using a detailed scoring list. In 13 of the 20 patients the clinical diagnosis was known (11 definite and 2 probable diagnoses). Characteristic MRI abnormalities could be defined in these patients. Of the 7 patients without a diagnosis, 5 had identical MRI abnormalities: difuse hemisphere swelling and typical cysts in frontoparietal subcortical white matter and the tips of the temporal lobes. The clinical picture was also similar in these patients, suggesting a similar disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00593394
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leukoencephalopathy with swelling in children and adolescents: MRI patterns and differential diagnosis (1995)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 37 (1995), S. 679-686 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Leukoencephalopathy ; White matter swelling ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In children, several neurological disorders are characterised by spongiform leukoencephalopathy. MRI of the brain typically shows white matter swelling, but does not enable differentiation of the various underlying disorders. The aim of this article is optimisation of the diagnostic value of MRI in leukoencephalopathy accompanied by swelling. MRI-based inclusion criteria were met by 20 patients in our database. The images were analysed using a detailed scoring list. In 13 of the 20 patients the clinical diagnosis was known (11 definite and 2 probable diagnoses). Characteristic MRI abnormalities could be defined in these patients. Of the 7 patients without a diagnosis, 5 had identical MRI abnormalities: diffuse hemisphere swelling and typical cysts in frontoparietal subcortical white matter and the tips of the temporal lobes. The clinical picture was also similar in these patients, suggesting a similar disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050179
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute myelopathy of unknown aetiology: a clinical, neurophysiological and MRI study of short-and long-term prognostic factors (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 242 (1995), S. 497-503 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Acute myelopathy ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Evoked potentials ; Multiple sclerosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Brain and spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), multimodal evoked potentials (EPs) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis were performed in 27 patients with acute myelopathy of unknown aetiology (AMUA), to detect the diagnostic and prognostic values of paraclinical tests at presentation. Spinal cord MRI was abnormal in 56% and brain MRI in 33% of the patients. Visual EPs were abnormal in 7%, median somatosensory EPs in 17%, tibial somatosensory EPs in 56% and motor EPs in 35% of the cases examined. Brain-stem acoustic EPs were normal in all the patients. CSF oligoclonal bands (OBs) were detected in 30% of cases. The patients were divided into subgroups according to the short-term clinical outcome (complete, partial or absent recovery). There were no significant differences among the three groups as regards MRI findings. Patients with complete recovery showed a significantly lower frequency of tibial somatosensory EP and motor EP abnormalities. According to the paraclinical findings at onset and on the basis of a long-term clinical follow-up (mean duration 24 months), 6 patients were diagnosed as having clinically definite multiple sclerosis, while 21 did not develop further neurological disturbances. Only the presence of CSF OBs was significantly more frequent in patients with definite multiple sclerosis. Our study indicates that EPs exploring spinal cord function are more powerful than spinal MRI for predicting the short-term outcome of AMUA, while the combined use of brain MRI and CSF OBs has the highest negative predictive value for the subsequent development of clinically definite multiple sclerosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00867419
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