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  • 1995-1999  (6)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1997  (2)
  • 1996  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pressure and light effects on the phase transition of deuterated Cu(2,5-dimethyl-dicyanoquinonediimine)2 (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 104 (1996), S. 4198-4203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The deuterated dicyanoquinonediimine salt Cu(2-CD3,5-CD3-DCNQI)2, (d6), a highly conductive organic metal, exhibits a phase transition from the metallic to the insulating state at Tc≈60 K. In a wide temperature range we observe an anticoincidence of high conductivity and electron spin resonance (ESR). These experiments were performed simultaneously in our ESR apparatus equipped for application of He pressure up to 200 bar. Near Tc there is a coexistence of conducting (ESR-silent) and insulating (ESR-detectable) domains. This correlation of ESR and conductivity σ points to a percolation limited conductivity. Upper and lower limits of the size of the domains are given. Light shifts Tc to lower temperatures, pressure to higher ones. This could be due to shrinking of the lattice which induces the phase transition when critical structural parameters are approached. This is most probably explained by a simultaneous development of a charge density wave (CDW) and a spin pairing within the DCNQI stack together with the trimerization of the lattice. Systematic measurements by variation of temperature, pressure, and light led to phase diagrams of (d6) and to the understanding of the mechanism of the phase transitions. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.471231
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acellular pertussis vaccines: the final countdown (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 155 (1996), S. 74-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02075753
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for induction of polysaccharide specific B-cell-memory in the 1st year of life: plain Haemophilus influenzae type b - PRP (Hib) boosters children primed with a tetanus-conjugate Hib-DTPa-HBV combined vaccine (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 156 (1996), S. 18-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Haemophilus influenzae type b  ;   Combination vaccine  ;  Immunological memory
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The lack of an adequate immune response to the major polysaccharide of the Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) capsule (polyribosyl ribitol phosphate) (PRP) in very young infants (〈 18 months) can be overcome by conjugating PRP to a T-cell dependent carrier protein. We studied whether administration of a tetanus-PRP conjugate vaccine reconstituted with a diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-hepatitis B (DTPa-HBV) vaccine as a three dose primary course at 3, 4 and 5 months of age induced PRP-specific immunological memory, by examining the anti-PRP response to a dose of unconjugated PRP given with the DTPa-HBV booster approximately 1 year later. The unconjugated PRP elicited protective anti-PRP antibody levels (≥ 0.15 μg/ml) in all but 3 of the 369 vaccinees, including 13 infants who failed to demonstrate a measurable immune response after the primary course. In a sub-cohort of 54 subjects all had anti-PRP levels ≥ 0.5 μg/ml within 7–14 days of the booster showing a rapid anamnestic type response. Both primary and booster responses were predominantly IgG1 indicating a T-cell dependent response. The DTPa-HBV components elicited protective anti-diphtheria, anti-tetanus and anti-HBs antibody levels in ≥ 98.5% of vaccinees, and immune responses to each of the acellular pertussis vaccine components in 92.3%–97.3% of subjects. Conclusion The tetanus-PRP conjugate vaccine not only elicited a good primary humoral response, but also induced immunological memory so that the infants were able to mount a large and rapid immune response to subsequent exposure to plain PRP, indicating that protection against circulating wild-type Hib had been generated. Successful induction of immunological memory occurred even when there was no measurable humoral anti-PRP response to the primary course. Tetanus-PRP conjugate vaccine can be used in combination with DTPa-HBV vaccine, when administered separately or as a single injection in the same syringe, in primary immunisation schedules at 3, 4 and 5 months of age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004310050544
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-specific and specific anti-HCV results correlated to age, sex, transaminase, rhesus blood group and follow-up in blood donors (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 142 (1997), S. 473-489 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  Second generation enzyme immunoassays (EIA-2) for antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) have a higher specificity and sensitivity than first generation enzyme immunoassays (EIA-1). We studied how many anti-HCV-positive blood donors were missed by the EIA-1, how many were false positive, how false-positive donors should be dealt with and how the results of the EIA-2 correlate to demographic data and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level. A total of 208, 544 northern German blood donors, not preselected for anti-HCV negativity, were tested for anti-HCV with EIA-2 and, if repeatably reactive (rr), were retested with a licensed supplementary test (RIBA-2). 0.43% of the donors were EIA-2 rr, but only 0.12% of women and 0.09% of men were RIBA-2 positive. RIBA-2 positivity rates were very low in donors 18 to 27 years old (0.03% and 0.05%) and rose with age in women but not in men. Infected women were significantly more often Rhesus-negative than men. The rate of unspecifically positive EIA-2 results (entirely negative in RIBA-2) increased with age in both sexes and did not correlate with ALT. The ALT distribution was age-dependent with a different pattern for men and women. Confirmation of EIA-2 results with RIBA was rare when ALT was low and frequent when ALT was high. ALT screening before introduction of Anti-HCV detected one out of six infected donors. To exclude this one infectious donation, 46 uninfected donations had to be excluded in addition. Only 8% of the then RIBA-2-positive donors were not detected by EIA-1. Apparent seroconversions in EIA-2 are usually not specific: only 1 out of 66 apparent seroconversions could be confirmed by RIBA-2 suggesting recent HCV infection. 0.15% of the donor population showed an inconsistent EIA-2 pattern during follow-up. We conclude that donors should not be excluded from further donations, even on the basis of multiple EIA-1 positive results or on the basis of only one EIA-2 positive donation. Anti-D-immunoglobulin prophylaxis may have been a source of infection in some Rhesus-negative women. ALT screening should not be discontinued because recent HCV infection can be detected earlier by ALT than by anti-HCV, but exclusion limits should be elevated to increase specificity and limit unnecessary exclusion of donations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050050094
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A grading study of gliomas using computer aided malignancy classification and histologic morphometry (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of neuro-oncology 27 (1996), S. 75-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: astrocytic tumors ; gliomas ; malignancy classification ; computer aided grading ; TESTAST 268 ; histologic morphometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Forty three cases of astrocytic tumors and mixed gliomas were studied with the aim of evaluating the reproducibility of the Kernohan grading system vis a vis (a) grading using computer-aided malignancy classifier TESTAST 268 and (b) grading by quantitative morphometric evaluation of the various histological parameters of TESTAST 268. These patients were then followed up for variable periods with a maximum of forty months. High inter and intra-observer variability were observed in the Kernohan grading system. TESTAST 268 was found to be simpler, rapid and more reproducible. However, one drawback observed of this system was that it did not completely eliminate inter-observer variability because there was still some subjectivity in assignment of the categorical values against the histological features. Morphometric evaluation of the semiquantitative assignment values of the 4 histological variables in the TESTAST 268 classifier using Zeiss Morphomat-30 revealed a statistically significant difference between the clusters of the measured quantitative values. A repeat grading using TESTAST 268 and categorical assignment values of histological features derived from the absolute values obtained by morphometry resulted in complete elimination of inter-observer variability. Thus, this study highlights the importance of objectivisation using TESTAST 268 and histologic morphometry in the grading of gliomas. However, since this is a preliminary study on a small number of cases, no cut off values of these measurements have been proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00146087
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of HbOC vaccine administered simultaneously with acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP) into either arms or thighs of infants (1997)
    Springer
    Infection 25 (1997), S. 298-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To evaluate the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of aHaemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine (HbOC) and of a tricomponent acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP) when injected simultaneously into either contralateral arms or into contralateral thighs, 110 infants were enrolled to receive three doses of DTaP at 3, 4, and 5 months and two HbOC doses at 3 and 5 months of age. Administration of either of the two vaccines into arms was associated with significantly more local side effects than administration into thighs. There was no difference in geometric mean concentration (GMC) values for any of the four vaccine antigens between subjects who had been vaccinated into arms or thighs. After immunization, all children had protective antibody titers to diphtheria toxin. While post vaccination the mean anti-tetanus toxoid GMC was ≥ 1.25 IU/ml, there was no significant rise as compared to the GMC before vaccination. GMCs of antibodies against the various pertussis antigens were similar to those observed before with the same DTaP vaccine. The simultaneous administration of DTaP and HbOC was safe and immunogenic irrespective of the site of vaccine administration, but significantly more local reactions occurred when vaccines were injected into arms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01720400
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