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  • 1995-1999  (5)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1996  (5)
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  • 1995-1999  (5)
  • 1965-1969
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Confinement analysis in low-confinement mode of hydrogen isotope experiments on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 4521-4535 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effect of isotope on confinement in high-recycling, L-mode plasmas is studied on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) [see D. M. Meade, J. Fusion Energy 7, 107 (1988)] by comparing hydrogen and deuterium plasmas with the same magnetic field and similar electron densities and heating power, with both Ohmic and deuterium-neutral-beam heating. Following a long operational period in deuterium, nominally hydrogen plasmas were created through hydrogen glow discharge and hydrogen gas puffing in Ohmic plasmas, which saturated the exposed limiter surface with hydrogen and raised the H/(H+D) ratio from 10±3% to 65±5%. Ohmic deuterium discharges obtained higher stored energy and lower loop voltage than hydrogen discharges with similar limiter conditions. Neutral-beam power scans were conducted in L-mode plasmas at minor radii of 50 and 80 cm, with plasma currents of 0.7 and 1.4 MA. To minimize transport differences from the beam deposition profile and beam heating, deuterium neutral beams were used to heat the plasmas of both isotopes. Total stored energy increased approximately 20% from nominally hydrogen plasmas to deuterium plasmas during auxiliary heating. Of this increase about half can be attributed to purely classical differences in the energy content of unthermalized beam ions. Kinetic measurements indicate a consistent but small increase in central electron temperature and total stored electron energy in deuterium relative to hydrogen plasmas, but no change in total ion stored energy. No significant differences in particle transport, momentum transport, and sawtooth behavior are observed. Overall, only a small improvement (∼10%) in global energy confinement time of the thermal plasma is seen between operation in hydrogen and deuterium. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872069
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhancement of Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor performance by lithium conditioning (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 1892-1897 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Wall conditioning in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) [K. M. McGuire et al., Phys. Plasmas 2, 2176 (1995)] by injection of lithium pellets into the plasma has resulted in large improvements in deuterium–tritium fusion power production (up to 10.7 MW), the Lawson triple product (up to 1021 m−3 s keV), and energy confinement time (up to 330 ms). The maximum plasma current for access to high-performance supershots has been increased from 1.9 to 2.7 MA, leading to stable operation at plasma stored energy values greater than 5 MJ. The amount of lithium on the limiter and the effectiveness of its action are maximized through (1) distributing the Li over the limiter surface by injection of four Li pellets into Ohmic plasmas of increasing major and minor radius, and (2) injection of four Li pellets into the Ohmic phase of supershot discharges before neutral-beam heating is begun. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871984
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recombinant Human Adenovirus with Rat MIP-2 Gene Insertion Causes Prolonged PMN Recruitment to the Murine Brain (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 8 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Single injections of recombinant cytokines/chemokines into tissue have provided insights into their possible roles during the inflammatory response. Adenoviral technology may allow us to mimic the in vivo situation more closely, with protein generated in a continuous but transient fashion. Replication-deficient human type 5 adenovirus containing a rat macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) gene insertion and cytomegalovirus promoter was injected into the mouse brain to investigate the inflammatory response to continuous overproduction of MIP-2. Adenovirus with a LacZ gene insertion expressing β-galactosidase was used as a control. At doses of 104 to 107 plaque-forming units, a minimal inflammatory response was detected to the LacZ virus, with leukocyte recruitment that was restricted to the injection site. A dose of 107 plaque-forming units of both the LacZ and the MIP-2 vector produced extensive transgene product expression that persisted for at least 7 days. Astrocytes, recognized by their morphology, were the predominant cell type expressing MIP-2 and β-galactosidase. A dose of 107 plaque-forming units of MIP-2 vector caused dramatic polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) recruitment to the brain parenchyma after 2 days. PMN recruitment was still observed after 4 and 7 days, but had become more localized to the injection site and was associated with numerous foam-like macrophages. At both 2 and 7 days the blood-brain barrier was breached in the region of leukocyte recruitment. Despite the extent of leukocyte recruitment there were no overt signs of neuronal degeneration or demyelination. Our findings demonstrate that continuous production of MIP-2 in the CNS results in persistent PMN recruitment to the brain parenchyma with no evidence of tachyphylaxis. The lack of PMN recruitment to the brain parenchyma following CNS injury may be a result of deficient production of PMN chemoattractants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.1996.tb01324.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deficit of didocosahexaenoyl phospholipid in the eyes of larval sea bass fed an essential fatty acid deficient diet (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 49 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Larval sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax of 27 days old were reared on Artemia enriched with Super Selco©, Tuna Orbital Oil or Yeast. The first diet is commonly used in mariculture for larval rearing, the second diet was designed to deliver an optimal docosahexaenoic acid (22: 6n-3) to eicosapentaenoic acid (20: 5n-3) ratio, and the third diet was deficient in docosahexaenoic acid (22: 6n-3). The eyes of these larvae were analysed after 28 days and the molecular species of the three main phospholipid classes, phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylserine (PS) determined. Eyes from larvae fed Artemia enriched with yeast showed large decreases in molecular species containing 22: 6n-3 compared to those supplemented with tuna orbital oil, most notably in 16: 0/22: 6n-3 PC which fell from 10.6 to 0.4%, in 22: 6n-3/22: 6n-3 and 18: 1/22: 6n-3 PE which fell from 29.6 to 0.3% and from 10.8 to 1.1% respectively, and in 22: 6n-3/22: 6n-3 PS which fell from 34.3 to 1.7%. Molecular species containing all other fatty acids, and especially 20: 5n-3, were elevated in eyes from the yeast-supplemented fish. In larvae fed Artemia enriched with Super Selco, amounts of eye 22: 6n-3/22: 6n-3 phospholipid were slightly lower in all three phospholipid classes compared to eyes from the tuna orbital oil-supplemented larvae. There was also a trend of decreased saturated fatty acid/22: 6n-3 and monounsaturated fatty acid/22: 6n-3 molecular species in all classes from the Super Selco-supplemented fish, the deficits being made up with molecular species containing 20: 5n-3 and 22: 5n-3. These results are discussed in relation to larval viability with particular respect to visual function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1996.tb00091.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design and results for a 345 GHz sis focal plane array using planar technology (1996)
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 17 (1996), S. 79-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Keywords: Planar ; SIS ; focal plane ; array ; sub-mm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We describe a focal plane array using antenna elements and SIS junctions photo-etched on a quartz substrate. The etched antenna is of a new strip-line type in which a two-dimensional corrugated horn is phase-corrected with a strip-line lens. Good beam efficiency is indicated by the measured antenna patterns. A DSB receiver temperature of 225 K was obtained with a number of imperfections still present.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02088184
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