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  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Schizophrenie ; Soziale Situation ; Berufstätigkeit und Partnerschaft ; Prädiktoren ; Key words Schizophrenia ; Social situation ; Employment ; Partnership ; Predictors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In the German mutlicentre ANI study comparing continuous prophylactic treatment with intermittent medication, the social situation of a large sample of 364 schizophrenic patients was investigated and followed up over a 2-year period of outpatient aftercare. Effective therapy and prophylaxis substantially reduced relapses and rehospitalization. On the other hand, the psychosocial situation still showed considerable disadvantages. Of the patients (35 years old on average), 60% were still unmarried. Almost one-half of the patients still lived alone or with their parents, and one-third lived a very solitary life. At the end of the 2-year aftercare period, one-third was able to earn their own living. Almost one-half retired early from their occupations. Predictors and intervening variables are presented in order to stimulate early rehabilitation approaches. Schizophrenics are particularly placed at a disadvantage by tighter competition in the employment market, even though the course of illness can be improve. Social psychiatry must to be involved in helping to improve social contacts, accommodation and employment in order to prevent major distress.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Im Rahmen der deutschen multizentrischen ANI-Studie zum Vergleich kontinuierlicher Prophylaxe mit Intervallbehandlung konnte an einer größeren Gruppe von 364 Schizophrenen die soziale Situation untersucht und über eine 2jährige ambulante Nachsorge beobachtet werden. Unter wirksamer Therapie und Prophylaxe lassen sich Rezidive und Rehospitalisierungen wirksam reduzieren. Die psychosoziale Situation hingegen zeigt weiterhin erhebliche Benachteiligungen: Im durchschnittlichen Alter von 35 Jahren sind 60% ledig geblieben, gut die Hälfte lebt allein oder noch bei den Eltern, und ein Drittel ist sozial sehr isoliert. Ein Drittel kann am Ende der 2jährigen Nachsorge den Lebensunterhalt selbst bestreiten, knapp die Hälfte ist vorzeitig aus dem Erwerbsleben ausgeschieden. Prädiktoren und intervenierende Variablen werden dargestellt, damit sich an ihnen frühzeitige Rehabilitationsansätze orientieren können. Verschärfte Konkurrenz auf dem Arbeitsmarkt und erhöhte Anforderungen benachteiligen Schizophrene besonders, trotz Verbesserung des Krankheitsverlaufs. Sozialpsychiatrische Hilfen zur Kontaktförderung, für Wohnen und Arbeit sind mehr denn je erforderlich, um stärkeres Elend zu verhindern.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 5 (1998), S. 788-790 
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Optical components for the X-ray radiometry beamline of the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt at BESSY II were investigated at BESSY I. Reflectometry measurements on different mirror coatings were used to calculate their capability to suppress higher-order radiation. An MgF2 coating proved to be best suited for photon energies below 4 keV. The reflectance of silicon (111) monochromator crystals at low photon energies around 2 keV was homogeneous within ±1%. In a test at a superconducting wavelength shifter the cooling system for the first crystal was shown to cope with the absorbed power of 14 W.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Gallbladder disease—Radiologic diagnosis—Adenomyomatosis.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Background: To demonstrate the radiologic–pathologic correlation of adenomyomatosis of gallbladder (GBA) and emphasize the role of high-resolution real-time ultrasound (RTUS) in the diagnosis of GBA. Methods: Ten (four male and six female, mean age = 49 years) patients with proven GBA (three diffuse, three segmental, and four fundal) diagnosed by histopathology or confirmed by oral cholecystography (OCG) were reviewed. Radiologic studies included OCG (n = 8), RTUS (n = 8), and computed tomography (CT; n = 4). Six patients subsequently underwent cholecystectomy. Results: Histopathologic correlation between pathologic specimens and OCG, RTUS, and CT was possible in six patients. The diagnostic criteria with ultrasound included numerous tiny intramural cysts containing echogenic foci with reverberation artifacts and associated segmental or diffuse gallbladder wall thickening. OCG with fatty meal demonstrated intramural diverticula. Localized fundal GBA was better visualized on RTUS and CT scan than on OCG. Conclusion: Accurate diagnosis of GBA may be made by either OCG or high-resolution RTUS preoperatively. CT scan may used as an alternative method to help make the diagnosis in equivocal cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Circular dichroism ; collagen IV ; diabetes ; glycation ; nephropathy.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Glycation of basement membrane collagen IV has been implicated as a major pathogenetic process leading to diabetic microvascular complications. To evaluate the relevance of carbohydrate-induced modifications on collagen IV in diabetic nephropathy, we isolated the cross-linking domains 7S and NC1 from the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) of patients with diabetes mellitus. Modifications characteristic for glycated proteins were identified when the domains from diabetic kidney were compared with the same domains from human placenta as an unmodified control. In both domains a marked formation of inter-and intramolecular cross links could be demonstrated by SDS-PAGE. Furthermore circular dichroism studies showed a decrease in helicity of the 7S domain from human diabetic kidneys of 13 %, indicating denaturation already at room temperature. Thermal transition profiles, showing a shift of the denaturation temperature towards a lower temperature, with loss of a distinct second melting point, confirmed this observation. Our data provide further evidence for a possible role of protein-modification by glycoxidative reactions in the onset of diabetic nephropathy in vivo. [Diabetologia (1998) 41: 1073–1079]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1157
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  Bulk δ15N values in surface sediment samples off the southwestern coast of Africa were measured to investigate the biogeochemical processes occurring in the water column. Nitrate concentrations and the degree of utilization of the nitrate pool are the predominant controls on sedimentary δ15N in the Benguela Current region. Denitrification does not appear to have had an important effect on the δ15N signal of these sediments and, based on δ15N and δ13C, there is little terrestrial input.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 85 (1998), S. 553-555 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 260 (1998), S. 346-356 
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key wordsBradyrhizobium japonicum ; Signal peptidase ; Symbiotic interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The TnphoA-induced Bradyrhizobium japonicum mutant 184 shows slow growth and aberrant colonization of soybean nodules. Using a DNA fragment adjacent to the transposon insertion site as a probe, a 3.4-kb BglII fragment of B. japonicum 110spc4 DNA was identified and cloned. Sequence analysis indicated that two truncated ORFs and three complete ORFs were encoded on this fragment. A database search revealed homologies to several other prokaryotic proteins: PdxJ (an enzyme involved in vitamin B6 biosynthesis), AcpS (acyl carrier protein synthase), Lep or Sip (prokaryotic type I signal peptidase), RNase III (an endoribonuclease which processes double-stranded rRNA precursors and mRNA) and Era (a GTP-binding protein required for cell division). The mutation in strain 184 was found to lie within the signal peptidase gene, which was designated sipF. Therefore, sipF is located in a region that encodes gene products involved in posttranscriptional and posttranslational processing processes. By complementation of the lep ts E. coli mutant strain IT41 it was demonstrated that sipF indeed encodes a functional signal peptidase, and genetic complementation of B. japonicum mutant 184 by a 2.8-kb SalI fragment indicated that sipF is expressed from a promoter located directly upstream of sipF. Using a non-polar kanamycin resistance cassette, a specific sipF – mutant was constructed which exhibited defects in symbiosis similar to those of the original mutant 184.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 5 (1998), S. 465-471 
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: PACS. 74.20.-z Theories and models of superconducting state - 74.20.Mn Nonconventional mechanisms (spin fluctuations, polarons and bipolarons, resonating valence bond model, anyon mechanism, marginal Fermi liquid, Luttinger liquid, etc.) - 71.10.Fd Lattice fermion models (Hubbard model, etc.)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: A quantitative analysis of a microscopic model for the intrinsic Josephson effect in high-temperature superconductors based on interlayer tunneling is presented both within a mean-field BCS evaluation and a numerically essentially exact Quantum Monte-Carlo study. The pairing correlations in the CuO2-planes are modelled by a 2D Hubbard model with attractive interaction, a model which accounts well for some of the observed features such as the short planar coherence length. The stack of Hubbard planes is arranged on a torus, which is threaded by a magnetic flux. The current perpendicular to the planes is calculated as a function of applied flux (i.e. the phase), and - after careful elimination of finite-size effects due to single-particle tunneling - found to display a sinusoidal field dependence in accordance with interlayer Josephson tunneling. Studies of the temperature dependence of the supercurrent reveal at best a mild elevation of the Josephson transition temperature compared to the planar Kosterlitz-Thouless temperature. These and other results on the dependence of the model parameters are compared with a standard BCS evaluation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Key words Skin expansion ; Procollagen mRNA ; In ; situ hybridization ; Animal models
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To evaluate the transcriptional response of skin to tissue expansion in the dog, the expression of procollagen α1(I) mRNA and procollagen α1(III) mRNA were analyzed by in situ hybridization. This expression was evaluated in distinct skin areas (subepidermal zone, dermis, capsular zone) after 4–85 days of expansion. Within the first 4 days of expansion expression of procollagen α1(I) and α1(III) mRNA was not affected in the subepidermal and dermal zone. Only a slightly elevated level of type III procollagen mRNA was demonstrated in tissue surrounding the implanted silicone expander. After 7 days of expansion an enhanced level of procollagen α1(III) mRNA was observed in the dermis and capsular zone. A slightly enhanced type I collagen mRNA level occurred in all zones of the dermis that was even stronger in the capsular zone after 9 days of expansion. Concurrently, the number of transcriptionally active cells was significantly higher. Return to the basal level of procollagen α1(I) mRNA was attained after 40 days. At this time a significant expression of procollagenase mRNA was observed. Procollagen III mRNA expression reached its basal level on day 85.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words Exopolysaccharide ; Symbiosis ; Nodule development ; Transcriptional reporter ; Gene fusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The nucleotide sequence of a 8330-bp DNA fragment from Bradyrhizobium japonicum 110spc4 was determined. Sequence analysis revealed that six ORFs were present and the deduced amino acid sequences were homologous to enzymes involved in exopolysaccharide (EPS) biosynthesis. The genes appear to be organized into at least four different operons. One gene was found to be homologous to exoB, which encodes a UDP-galactose 4′-epimerase. Other ORFs were homologous to UDP-hexose transferases and one ORF showed similarity to Sinorhizobium (Rhizobium) meliloti ExoP, which has been suggested to be involved in EPS chain-length determination. A set of deletion and insertion mutants was constructed and the resulting B. japonicum strains were tested for their symbiotic traits. Deletion mutant ΔP22, which lacks the C-terminal part of ExoP, the UDP-hexose transferase ExoT and the N-terminal part of ExoB, shows a delayed nodulation phenotype and induces symptoms of plant defense reactions; its EPS does not contain galactose and no high molecular weight fraction is synthesized. In contrast, insertion mutant EH3, which expresses an exoP gene product that is truncated in its putative periplasmic domain, produced an EPS containing both HMW and LMW fractions. However, the interaction of EH3 with soybeans was severely perturbed. As a rule, only the initial steps of nodule formation were observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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