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  • 1995-1999  (66)
  • 1900-1904
  • 1999  (66)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging  (66)
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Years
  • 1995-1999  (66)
  • 1900-1904
Year
Keywords
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple sclerosis: interobserver agreement in reporting active lesions on serial brain MRI using conventional spin echo, fast spin echo, fast fluid-attenuated inversion recovery and post-contrast T1-weighted images (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 246 (1999), S. 920-925 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Multiple sclerosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Disease activity ; Fast spin echo ; Fast fluid-attenuated inversion ; recovery ; Reproducibility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Previous studies have addressed the question of the precision in assessing multiple sclerosis (MS) activity by counting enhancing lesions on gadolinium enhanced brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, counting the active lesions on serial unenhanced MRI obtained by various pulse sequences has not been yet considered. We compared the interobserver levels of agreement in reporting active MS lesions on serial enhanced and unenhanced MRI to assess whether the use of various unenhanced techniques may change the degree of interobserver measurement reproducibility. Dual-echo conventional spin echo (CSE), dual-echo fast spin echo (FSE), fast fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and Gd-enhanced T1-weighted brain MRI were obtained from five MS patients at baseline and monthly for 2 months. Six experienced observers independently identified and counted active MS lesions on the two follow-up MRI scans. Active lesions were considered to be all the enhancing lesions and any new or enlarging lesion on enhanced and unenhanced scans. Interobserver levels of agreement were calculated by weighted κ values. Very good agreement was reached only for counting total and new Gd-enhancing lesions. Good agreement was achieved for counting new lesions on the three unenhanced techniques, whereas the agreement for counting enlarging lesions was poor with all the MRI techniques. The level of agreement was significantly heterogeneous for various MRI techniques but not for various lesion sites. These results confirm that counting enhancing lesions is the most reliable method for assessing MS activity, but the use of any of the available unenhanced MRI techniques did not result in different levels of interobserver agreement when reporting new and enlarging MS lesions on serial scans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050483
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Disease activity in multiple sclerosis studied by weekly triple-dose magnetic resonance imaging (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 246 (1999), S. 689-692 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Multiple sclerosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Gadolinium-DTPA ; Triple dose ; Blood-brain barrier
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study assessed whether dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier is an obligatory early event in lesion formation in multiple sclerosis. Dual-echo and T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging after the injection of a triple dose (0.3 mmol/kg) of gadolinium-DTPA were obtained from ten patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis every week for 2 months. Sixty-four newly active lesions were detected by the two techniques. All the 44 new lesions seen on dual-echo scans enhanced during the early phases of their formation: 33 at their first appearance, 10 1 week before their appearance on the dual-echo scans, and one the week thereafter. When the every fourth (monthly) scan was analyzed, a total of 55 newly active lesions were detected (i.e., 14% active lesions would have been missed compared to the number found on weekly scanning). Thirty-one of them were detected by both dual-echo and triple-dose scans, 15 only by enhanced scans, and nine only by dual-echo scans. This study confirms that with highly sensitive magnetic resonance imaging techniques dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier is an obligatory early event in new lesion formation in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050433
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MRI of Wolfram syndrome (DIDMOAD) (1999)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 729-731 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words DIDMOAD syndrome ; Wolfram syndrome ; substantia nigra ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Wolfram syndrome (DIDMOAD) is a rare diffuse neurodegenerative disorder characterised by diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, deafness, and a wide variety of abnormalities of the central nervous system, urinary tract and endocrine glands. It may be familial or sporadic. Reported features on MRI of the brain are absence of the physiological high signal of the posterior lobe of the pituitary, shrinkage of optic nerves, chiasm and tracts, atrophy of the hypothalamic region, brain stem, cerebellum, and cerebral cortex. We report a 12-year-old girl with a 5-year history without brain stem, cerebellar or cerebral atrophy. MRI showed an unusual feature: a focus of high signal on PD- and T2-weighted images in the right substantia nigra. This is consistent with previously reported neuropathological post-mortem studies, but has never been reported in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050832
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cerebral bleeding, infarcts, and persumed extrapontine myelinolysis in hypernatraemic dehydration (1999)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 144-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Hypernatraemia ; Myelinolysis ; extrapontine ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The neuroimaging findings in an infant with hypernatremic dehydration are presented. Brain parenchymal haemorrhage and extensive multiple infarcts were present in the acute stage. Follow-up CT showed bilateral, symmetrical changes presumed to indicate extrapontine myelinolysis in the thalamus and globus pallidus. MRI confirmed sparing of the pons. Only three previous cases of neuroimaging abnormalities due to hypernatraemia have been described in the radiological literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050721
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics of symptomatic chronic subdural haematomas on high-field MRI (1999)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 109-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Haematoma ; subdural ; chronic ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied the frequency of various features of the appearances on high-field MRI in symptomatic patients with chronic subdural haematomas (CSDH). The ability to predict recurrence after treatment with one burr-hole procedure using MRI was evaluated. A total of 40 patients with symptomatic CSDH underwent MRI at 1.5 T. All haematomas were evacuated within a few days of the MRI examination. Symptomatic CSDH were divided into five groups according to the MRI findings: group A (11 cases), isointense or low signal on T1- and low signal on T2-weighted images; group B (18 cases), high signal on T1- and low signal on T2-weighted images; group C (5 cases), high signal on both T1- and T2-weighting; group D (1 case), low signal on T1- and high signal on T2-weighted images; group E (5 cases), heterogeneous intensity on T1- and T2-weighting throughout the haematoma cavity. The mean interval between onset of symptoms and MRI for group A was 5.0 ± 4.1 days, which was significantly shorter than that for group B (9.4 ± 4.4 days, P 〈 0.02), group C (27.8 ± 20 days, P 〈 0.005) or group E (17.8 ± 12.2 days, P 〈 0.01). Recurrence was seen in three haematomas of group A and one of group B. Reoperation was most closely correlated with diffuse low signal on T2-weighted images but not with a multiloculated appearance. Low signal on T2 weighting was surprisingly high (72.5 %) and the age of the haematomas as estimated on the MRI correlated well with the interval between the onset of symptoms and MRI. Our findings support the causative role of recurrent bleeding in the enlargement of CSDH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050714
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interobserver agreement for diagnostic MRI criteria in suspected multiple sclerosis (1999)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 347-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Multiple sclerosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Interobserver variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract MRI is the paraclinical test most widely used to support the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). We evaluated interobserver agreement in applying diagnostic criteria to MRI obtained at first presentation. Five experienced observers scored 25 sets of images consisting of unenhanced T2- and gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted images (approximately half the sets were normal). We scored frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, infratentorial and basal ganglia lesions and the total number of lesions on T2-weighted images; periventricular, callosal, juxtacortical and ovoid lesions and those 〉 5 mm in maximum diameter; contrast-enhancing and hypointense lesions. Based on a combination of imaging findings patients were classified as compatible or not compatible with MS according to composite criteria. Observer concordance was characterised by weighted kappa values (ϰ) and mean average difference to the median (MADM) scores. Using the raw scores, there was poor agreement for the total number of lesions on T2-weighted images, and for occipital, oval, juxtacortical and hypointense lesions. Moderate agreement was found for frontal, callosal, basal ganglia and large lesions on T2 weighting. Good agreement was attained for parietal, temporal, infratentorial and periventricular lesions. After dichotomisation according to accepted cut-off values, most criteria performed better, especially the number of lesions on T2-weighted images (P 〈 0.05). Good agreement was found for the criteria of Paty and Fazekas and moderate agreement for those of Barkhof. While experienced observers may not agree on the total number of lesions, they show quite good agreement for commonly used cut-off points and elements in the composite criteria. This validates the use of MRI in the diagnosis of MS, and the use of dichotomised and composite criteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050762
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serial MRI of cerebral infarcts before and after removal of an atrial myxoma (1999)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 573-575 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Myxoma ; atrial ; Infarct ; cerebral ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe a cerebral infarct caused by atrial myxoma. A 30-year-old woman with an atrial myxoma presented with a right hemisensory deficit. MRI carried out before and after removal of the myxoma, showed multiple small bilateral white-matter infarcts which increased in number up to the surgery. A lesion in the left thalamus, which enlarged and showed contrast enhancement 4 months before surgery, resembled an old cerebral infarct by the time the myxoma was removed. The number of lesions stopped increasing after surgery. We suggest that atrial myxomas should be removed even in asymptomatic patients, to prevent cerebral infarcts due to embolism of tumour or thrombus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050808
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Marchiafava-Bignami disease with widespread extracallosal lesions and favourable course (1999)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 40-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Marchiafava-Bignami disease ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a 61-year-old alcoholic man who presented with subacute physical deterioration and severe dysarthria. MRI, suggestive of corpus callosum demyelination with associated white matter involvement in both cerebral hemispheres, indicated the diagnosis of Marchiafava-Bignami disease. During his stay in hospital the patient showed remarkable improvement, and was discharged 22 days after admission. On MRI 2 months later, the extracallosal lesions had disappeared. This case raises questions about some previous ideas on this disease, such as the prognosis of its acute forms and the significance of the extracallosal lesions seen on neuroimaging.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050702
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The oculocerebrocutaneous (Delleman-Oorthuys) syndrome (1999)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 55-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Oculocerebrocutaneous syndrome ; Delleman-Oorthuys syndrome ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe two cases of the so-called oculocerebrocutaneous syndrome, also known as the Delleman-Oorthuys syndrome. Both patients had characteristic congenital anomalies of the orbit, central nervous system and skin. The ocular and cerebral lesions were studied with CT and MRI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050706
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute intermittent porphyria with central pontine myelinolysis and cortical laminar necrosis (1999)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 835-839 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Porphyria ; acute intermittent ; Encephalopathy ; porphyric ; Myelinolysis ; central pontine ; Necrosis ; cortical laminar ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is an autosomal-dominant disease caused by a deficiency of porphobilinogen (PBG) deaminase. Patients with AIP present with neurological syndromes such as autonomic neuropathy, peripheral axonal neuropathy or central nervous system dysfunction. We report serial MRI of a patient with AIP who had cortical and subcortical cerebral changes. A 29-year-old woman with a 6-month history of AIP had an attack with severe hyponatraemia and generalised convulsions, treated with haem arginate and supportive therapy. MRI showed central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis and cortical laminar necrosis. These are not common in AIP, but are likely to have been caused by rapid correction of hyponatraemia and by vasospasm, which could be induced by AIP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050852
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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