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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Viscoelastic properties of denture base resins obtained by underwater test (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 27 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The viscoelastic properties of denture base polymers, such as poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polysulfone (PSF) and polyethersulfone (PES) which have been used in current clinical dentistry were investigated. In addition, water absorption, diffusion coefficient of water into material, cubical expansion, specific volume and residual monomer were also determined. From the results of this study, the viscoelastic behaviours of the denture base polymers in water have been discussed. The relaxation modulus (Er(5)) which was calculated using a stress at 5 s from the start of measurement for the specimen which reached an equilibrium moisture content (wet specimen), decreased from 23·1 to 25·5% compared with that of PMMA stored in a desiccator (37 °C) for 1 week (dry specimen). In contrast, this decreasing ratio was 7·0 to 10·0% for PC, PSF and PES. It is suggested that this phenomenon is caused by the increase of specific volume (cm3/g) with water absorption in each material. The water absorption of the PMMA group was relatively large in comparison with other material and was 1·81–1·85%. This value was within the range from 0·38 to 1·74% for PC, PSF and PES. The diffusion coefficients of water for PC, PSF and PES increased by approximately 1·5–2·7 times that of PMMA. Furthermore, the coefficient of cubical expansion of the wet specimen was larger than that of the dry specimen. The increasing ratio was 1·03–1·10 times for the PMMA group and 1·18–2·38 times for PC, PSF and PES. The variation of Er(5) of the PMMA group with temperature in water was larger than those of PC, PSF and PES.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.2000.00545.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuromagnetic assessment of epileptogenicity in cerebral arteriovenous malformation (2000)
    Springer
    Neurosurgical review 23 (2000), S. 206-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-2320
    Keywords: Keywords Arteriovenous malformation ; Magnetoencephalography ; Magnetic source imaging ; Electrocorticography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Magnetoencephalographic (MEG) activities were recorded in five patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) who presented with epilepsy and no clinical history of intracranial hemorrhage, using a 37-channel DC superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) system. While scalp-recorded electroencephalograms (EEG) failed to reveal paroxysmal discharge, MEGs demonstrated localized high frequency magnetic activity (HFMA). Magnetic source imaging (MSI) depicted the accumulation of equivalent current dipole (ECD) originating from HFMA around the nidus, and the ECD localization agreed well with spike localization on intraoperative electrocorticography (ECoG). These areas corresponded with the areas of hypoperfusion on single photon emission tomography and the intraoperative laser Doppler flow meter. We discussed the application of MEG in estimating interictal paroxysmal activity sources in patients with AVM and addressed the questions of its reliability and validity in source localization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00011956
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synergistic bactericidal effects of acrinol and tetracycline against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of infection and chemotherapy 6 (2000), S. 86-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-7780
    Keywords: Key words Acrinol ; Tetracycline hydrochloride ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Synergistic effect
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Combined treatment of acrinol (Ac) and tetracycline hydrochloride (Tc) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from clinical specimens synergistically increased the bactericidal effect. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of Ac against P. aeruginosa strain no. 985 was 200 μg/ml, while the MBC of Ac against strains no. 47 and no. 783 was above 800 μg/ml for each. The MBC of Tc was above 400 μg/ml against each of the tested strains. However, simultaneous treatment with 25 μg/ml Ac and 200 μg/ml Tc against P. aeruginosa strain no. 985 decreased the viable cell number from 107 cfu/ml to 〈10 cfu/ml within 24 h, while a higher concentration of Tc (400 μg/ml) with Ac (25 μg/ml) reduced the viable cell number to 〈10 cfu/ml within 8 h. A similar synergistic bactericidal effct of Ac and Tc was observed in strains no. 47 and no. 783 by treatment with 200 μg/ml Ac and 200 μg/ml or 400 μg/ml Tc. The degree of bactericidal effect against P. aeruginosa was proportional to the concentration of Tc under the condition of a constant concentration of Ac. Furthermore, Ac-treated cells of strain no. 47 were killed by a following Tc treatment, but cells pretreated with Tc did not show such a sensitivity to Ac. To induce the synergistic effect of Ac and Tc, Ac must be applied to P. aeruginosa before or at the same time as Tc.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00012157
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patterns in the structure of grassland butterfly communities along a gradient of human disturbance: further analysis based on the generalist/specialist concept (2000)
    Springer
    Population ecology 42 (2000), S. 135-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-5613
    Keywords: Key words Community patterns ; Lepidoptera ; Route order ; Species richness ; Species distribution ; Environmental disturbance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Kitahara and Fujii, in 1994, analyzed the butterfly communities along a gradient of human disturbance by applying the generalist/specialist concept. Butterfly species were classified into generalist or specialist species based on their voltinism (seasonal time dimension) and potential larval resource breadth (food dimension). The community structure and species composition showed the systematic changes along the gradient. To verify the generality of those trends, we monitored five grassland butterfly communities with varying degrees of human disturbance twice a month during 1985 by the line transect method at the foot of Mt. Fuji, central Japan, and analyzed their structure in a manner similar to that employed by Kitahara and Fujii. Most results were consistent with the patterns recognized by Kitahara and Fujii. The route (community) order based on increasing human disturbance was strongly and negatively correlated with butterfly species richness but with neither butterfly species diversity (H′) nor evenness (J′). Also, the degree of human disturbance was significantly and negatively correlated with the number of specialist species, but not with that of generalists, in a community. Butterfly species richness was more strongly correlated with the number of specialist species than with that of generalists. Our analyses also showed that the generalist species were distributed more widely over the communities than were the specialists. However, in contrast to the trend revealed by Kitahara and Fujii, there was no significant difference in the population densities and in the spatial population variability between the two species groups. As a whole, our analyses confirmed the consistency of most community patterns detected by Kitahara and Fujii. The causes of the inconsistencies in some patterns were thought to be mainly the present habitat conditions with a relatively short growing season at high altitudes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00011992
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Influence of Vascular Pressure and Angiographic Characteristics on Haemorrhage from Arteriovenous Malformations (2000)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 142 (2000), S. 39-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Arteriovenous malformation; haemorrhage; vascular pressure.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary ¶ Background. The present study was designed to determine whether there is a physiological explanation for the predisposition of patients with certain angiographic characteristics to haemorrhage from cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs).  Methods. Intra-operative measurement of feeding artery pressure (FAP) and intravascular pressures in the draining venous system [draining vein pressure (DVP) and cranial sinus pressure (SP)] were performed for 30 AVM cases using direct puncture of the vessels. The correlation between pressures and previously described angiographic characteristics predisposing to haemorrhage were evaluated.  Findings. Small nidus size and only one draining vein increased the risk of haemorrhage. FAP and DVP are both inversely related to the number of draining veins and the size of the AVMs. DVP was significantly higher in AVMs with haemorrhage (23.1±8.7 mmHg) than in those without (13.5±4.4), as was FAP (58.6±12.8 as opposed to 38.7±4.7) (p〈0.05). Moreover, the difference between systemic blood pressure and the FAP with haemorrhagic AVMs (17.0±9.5 mmHg) was significantly lower than that in nonhaemorrhagic cases (33.7±5.5) (p〈0.05). The pressure difference between the feeding artery and draining vein was not significant between the haemorrhagic and nonhaemorrhagic groups. There was no significant difference of SP between haemorrhagic and nonhaemorrhagic patients.  Interpretation. The present study suggests that a high DVP probably induced by high resistance in the venous drainage system, as well as a high FAP, may contribute to the development of haemorrhage from AVMs, and physiologically supports previous reports that small AVMs and AVMs with only one draining vein are susceptible to haemorrhage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050005
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of 187 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among 41 candidate genes for ischemic heart disease in the Japanese population (2000)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 106 (2000), S. 288-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. To investigate whether common variants in the human genetic background are associated with pathogenesis of ischemic heart diseases, we systematically surveyed 41 possible candidate genes for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by directly sequencing 96 independent alleles at each locus, derived from 48 unrelated Japanese patients with myocardial infarction, including 25.8 kb 5' flanking regions, 56.8 kb exonic and 35.4 kb intronic sequences, and 1.8 kb 3' flanking regions. In this genomic DNA of nearly 120 kb, we identified 187 SNPs: 55 in 5' flanking regions, seven in 5' untranslated regions (UTRs), 52 in coding elements, 64 in introns, eight in 3' UTRs, and one in a 3' flanking region. Among the 52 coding SNPs, 26 were non-synonymous changes. Allelic frequencies of some of the polymorphisms were significantly different from those reported in European populations. For example, the Q506R substitution in the coagulation factor V gene, the so-called "Leiden mutation", has a reported frequency of 2.3% in Europeans, but we detected the Leiden mutation in none of the Japanese genomes that we investigated. The allelic frequencies of the –33A〉G SNP in the thrombomodulin gene were also very different; this allele occurred at a 12% frequency in the Japanese patients that we examined, although it had been detected in none of 82 Caucasians reported previously. These data support the hypothesis that some SNPs are specific to particular ethnic groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390000247
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Additive combination of actarit and methotrexate in the treatment of refractory rheumatoid arthritis (2000)
    Springer
    Modern rheumatology 10 (2000), S. 103-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-7609
    Keywords: Key words Actarit ; Methotrexate ; Combination therapy ; Rheumatoid arthritis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of an additive combination of a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) actarit and low-dose methotrexate (MTX) in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) unresponsive to MTX. Thirty-four patients with active RA, who had been unsuccessfully treated with MTX for at least 3 months were enrolled on a 24-week course of actarit (300 mg/day) and MTX (2.5–10 mg/week). Disease activity was evaluated by physical global assessments using conventional measures (Japan Rheumatism Association), and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria of improvements in RA. Thirty-two patients completed this study. No severe adverse drug reactions were seen. Patients whose RA did not respond to MTX alone responded to the combination therapy, with a significant improvement in the duration of morning stiffness, grip strength, swollen joint counts, patient's articular pain score, modified health assessment questionnaire (M-HAQ) score, score of both patient's and physician's global assessments, and C-reactive proteins (CRP). Sixteen patients (50.0%) and 9 patients (31.0%) showed a significant improvement in overall conventional measures, and ACR response criteria, respectively, and 60.0% of RA patients who received MTX for more than 1 year showed improvement in ACR definition. Patients who responded to the combination treatment within the first 12 weeks showed persistent improvement for the remaining part of the 24 week period. Our results indicate that the additive combination of actarit and MTX is safe, and without serious adverse effects, and has an excellent efficacy in patients with active and refractory RA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101650050007
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A case report of bilateral hydroureteronephrosis associated with systemic sclerosis (2000)
    Springer
    Modern rheumatology 10 (2000), S. 169-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-7609
    Keywords: Key words Systemic sclerosis ; Hydronephrosis ; Atrophic bladder ; Nephrostomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This report describes a case of atrophic bladder and bilateral hydroureteronephrosis that occurred in a patient with systemic sclerosis (SSc). A 49-year-old woman who had a 12-year history of SSc was admitted to our hospital because of bilateral hydroureteronephrosis indicated by uroflowmetric and radiological studies. Histological examination of the patient's bladder after biopsy revealed fibrotic replacement of submucosa and infiltration of mononuclear cells, but no deposition of immunoglobulins and complement components were observed. Nephrostomy to relieve the urinary retention was required. There have been few reports regarding SSc complications in hydronephrosis. The association between hydronephrosis and the pathological disorder of SSc is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101650070026
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of the cross-section and forward-backward charge asymmetry for the b and c-quark in $e^+e^-$ annihilation with inclusive muons at $\sqrt{s} = 58$ GeV (2000)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 18 (2000), S. 273-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We have studied inclusive muon events using all the data collected by the TOPAZ detector at $\sqrt{s}=58$ GeV with an integrated luminosity of 273pb $^{-1}$ . From 1328 inclusive muon events, we measured the ratio $R_{q\bar{q}}$ of the cross section for $q\bar{q}$ production to the total hadronic cross section and forward-backward asymmetry $A_{FB}^{q}$ for b and c quarks. The obtained results are $R_{b\bar{b}}=0.13\pm0.02(stat)\pm0.01(syst)$ , $R_{c\bar c}=0.36\pm0.05(stat)\pm0.05(syst)$ , $A_{FB}^{b}=-0.20\pm0.16(stat)\pm0.01(syst)$ and $A_{FB}^ c=-0.17\pm0.14(stat)\pm0.02(syst)$ , in fair agreement with a prediction of the standard model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100520000541
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiplex PCR amplification of TH01, D9S304, and D3S1744 loci (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of human genetics 45 (2000), S. 303-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-232X
    Keywords: Key words Forensic ; DNA typing ; STR ; Multiplex PCR ; TH01 ; D9S304 ; D3S1744
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A multiplex typing method of the tetrameric short tandem repeat (STR) loci TH01, D9S304, and D3S1744 was developed. The allelic ladder included alleles 6–11 (80–100 bp) and 9.3 (95 bp) for TH01, alleles 6–15 (125–161 bp) for D9S304, and alleles 13–22 (174–210 bp) for D3S1744. The observed heterozygosity of D9S304 was 0.851. The combined discrimination power of the three loci was 0.991.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100380070021
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