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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Schlagwort(e): Schlüsselwörter Schock ; Hämorrhagie ; Streßproteine ; Hitzeschockreaktion ; Hämoxygenase ; Key words Haemorrhage ; Shock ; Stress proteins ; Heat shock response ; Haeme oxygenase
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Abstract Objective: Recent evidence suggests a possible role for Haeme oxygenase (HO)-derived carbon monoxide (CO) in the regulation of vascular tone through elevation of cyclic 3′–5′ guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Previous work from our laboratory has shown that blockade of the HO pathway by tin-protoporphyrin-IX (SnPP) after resuscitation from haemorrhage leads to a specific and profound increase in portal resistance while neither systemic nor hepatic arterial resistance are affected. We therefore investigated the organ-specific expression pattern of the stress-inducible protein haeme oxygenase-1/heat shock protein 32 after haemorrhage and resuscitation. Materials and methods: After approval of the protocol by the local review board, male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=6/group) were anaesthetised with pentobarbitone, instrumented for assessment of central haemodynamics, and subjected to haemorrhagic hypotension (40 mm Hg for 1 h) followed by resuscitation with 60% shed blood and Ringer’s solution or a time-matched sham protocol. Samples of liver, spleen, kidney, intestine, aorta, and lungs were harvested 5 h after the onset of resuscitation and subjected to Western-blot analysis using a specific anti-rat HO-1/hsp 32 antibody (StressGen, Sidney, Canada). Results: Resuscitation with shed blood/Ringer’s solution restored central haemodynamics and acid-base status while significant haemodilution was observed. Haemorrhage and resuscitation led to strong induction of HO-1 in the liver and slight induction in aortic tissue, while no increase in steady-state protein levels was observed in the other organs studied. Conclusion:These results suggest a specific contribution of the HO/CO pathway to maintenance of low hepatic portal resistance in vivo in a clinically relevant model of haemorrhagic shock and adequate resuscitation.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Kohlenmonoxid (CO) entsteht als Intermediärstoffwechselprodukt im Hämabbau und kann nach neuesten Erkenntnissen ähnlich wie Stickstoffmonoxid über Aktivierung der Guanylatzyklase vasodilatorische Wirkungen entfalten. Für die endogene Bildung von CO ist ausschließlich die mikrosomale Hämoxygenase (HO) verantwortlich, die als konstitutives Enzym (HO-2) sowie in einer streßinduzierbaren Isoform (HO-1 oder Hitzeschockprotein 32) vorliegt. Hemmung des Hämstoffwechsels nach Schock und Volumentherapie führt nach eigenen Untersuchungen zu einer spezifischen Zunahme des Pfortaderwiderstands, ohne vasokonstriktorische Wirkungen in der systemischen Zirkulation hervorzurufen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde daher das organspezifische Expressionsmuster der streßinduzierbaren Isoform des Enzyms nach hämorrhagischem Schock und Volumentherapie untersucht. Methoden und Ergebnisse: In einem kliniknah therapierten Schockmodell an der Ratte führte das Schockereignis zu einer geringfügigen Expression von HO-1 in Aortengewebe sowie zu einer ausgeprägten Expression in der Leber, während eine Induktion in anderen Organen wie Lunge, Darm oder Niere nach Hämorrhagie nicht nachweisbar war. Schlußfolgerung: Diese Ergebnisse legen nahe, daß HO-1/Hitzeschockprotein 32 in der Leber ein streßinduzierbares Vasodilatatorsystem, das zur Aufrechterhaltung der Leberperfusion nach hämorrhagischem Schock beiträgt, darstellt.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We communicate a detailed study of the epitaxial growth of CeO2 on MgO. The key feature of the growth is the dependence of the in-plane orientation of the CeO2 epitaxial layer on the MgO surface morphology. Atomic force microscopic (AFM) measurements, x-ray analyses, as well as high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) investigations reveal that on rough substrates a cube-on-cube growth of CeO2 on MgO occurs while on smooth substrates the CeO2 unit cell is rotated around the surface normal by 45° with respect to the MgO unit cell when the deposition rate is low (∼0.3 A(ring)/s) during the first stages of growth. This growth mechanism can be used for a defined fabrication of 45° grain boundaries in the CeO2 layer by controlling the surface roughness of the MgO substrate. This report demonstrates that these 45° grain boundaries may be used to fabricate YBa2Cu3O7−x Josephson junctions. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 2941-2943 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Pulsed-laser deposited (PLD) polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon-PTFE) films from press-sintered powder targets are found to be highly crystalline, with spherulite sizes adjustable over more than one order of magnitude by suitable thermal annealing. Films with large spherulites show an excellent charge stability, comparable and even superior to commercially available Teflon-PTFE foils. PLD-PTFE enlarges the family of Teflon materials and may thus become interesting for potential miniaturized electret devices. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 568-570 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Crosslinking of polymers with dipoles can be followed by means of dielectric, pyroelectric, and in situ electro-optic measurements. All three techniques provide similar insights as to the cross-linking process. In addition, electro-optic measurements allow for the determination of the resulting optical nonlinearity. After crosslinking is completed the polymer behaves like a side-chain polymer. In addition, photoinduced poling of an already cross-linked dipolar polymer network is demonstrated. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 3347-3349 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Modal dispersion phase-matched second harmonic generation is demonstrated in new poled polymer waveguide geometries with a nonlinear optical core consisting of two side-chain polymers with different glass transition temperatures. After poling above and between the respective glass transitions, the sign of the nonlinear optical coefficient is reversed in the two polymers, thereby improving the overlap integral. Conversion efficiencies up to 7%/W cm2 were achieved in the first experiments. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 3998-4000 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The cross-linking low-dielectric-constant polymers benzocyclobutene (BCB) and perfluorocyclobutene (PFCB) are identified as film electrets with excellent charge stability, comparable to the members of the polytetrafluoroethylene family. BCB and PFCB films can be easily prepared on substrates by spin coating. The onset of molecular motion at the high- and low-temperature glass-like transitions is revealed by dielectric dilatometry. BCB and PFCB electret films exhibit remarkable stability regarding both negative and positive charging. They enlarge the family of charge electrets and may thus become interesting for miniaturized electret devices. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: 16S rRNA gene libraries were prepared by polymerase chain reaction amplification and cloning from soil samples taken periodically from a field with genetically modified plants. Sequence analyses of the cloned rDNAs indicated that 140 of them clustered apart from known bacterial phyla. Based on 31 full sequences a new phylum could be defined. It includes Holophaga foetida, ‘Geothrix fermentans’ and Acidobacterium capsulatum as the only cultured species so far. Therefore, this line of descent was named the Holophaga/Acidobacterium phylum. About 50 published partial sequences of cloned rDNAs retrieved from soil, freshwater sediments or activated sludge from different continents indicate the occurrence of further representatives of this phylum. Two specific hybridization probes were constructed for members of one of four subclusters. A careful data analysis revealed the importance and problems of identifying and dealing with artefacts such as chimeric structure when defining new phylogenetic groups based mainly upon cloned amplified rDNAs. For the first time, the presence of bacterial cells representing this group could be shown in soil, sediment, activated sludge and lake snow by in situ hybridization.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Schlagwort(e): PACS: 81.15.Fg; 68.55.-a; 77.80.-e
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract. Ferroelectric SrBi2Ta2O9 (SBT) films were grown by pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) at different substrate temperatures and fluences. A correlation between film structure and ferroelectric properties is established. The dielectric function ε′ of thin SBT films shows a Curie–Weiss behavior well below the peak temperature Tmax and relaxor-like behavior in the vicinity of Tmax. Domain walls have a strong influence on the dielectric and ferroelectric properties and on the polarization fatigue of SBT films below 100 °C. The formation of ferroelectric phases is favored at lower substrate temperatures by incorporating Bi2O3 template layers into the structure.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 308-311 (May 1999), p. 113-122 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Quelle: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Abdominal aortic aneurysm ; Cytokines ; Systemic inflammatory response syndrome ; Ischemia-reperfusion
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Objective: To characterize the impact of abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (AAAR) on spontaneous as well as lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced gene expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Design: Prospective, controlled in vivo / ex vivo study. Setting: University hospital. Patients and interventions: Whole blood from 14 consecutive patients undergoing AAAR withdrawn prior to surgery (T1), at the end of ischemia (T2), 90 min after declamping (T3) and on the first postoperative day (T4) was cultured in the absence or presence of LPS. Five patients undergoing elective inguinal hernia repair served as controls. Measurements and results: While tumor necrosis factor (TNF), Interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-10 plasma concentrations did not increase significantly, IL-6 was elevated at each time point, as compared with T1. Despite the spontaneous release of trace amounts of IL-6, the ability of cultured whole blood to mount a cytokine response in vitro to LPS was impaired for all cytokines studied at T2 (TNF –62 %, IL-1 –51 %, IL-6 –20 %, IL-10 –51 %). The stimulated IL-6 response was restored early after declamping (T3: + 56 %) and enhanced 1 day after operation (T4: + 144 %). In contrast, stimulated TNF and IL-1 responses remained depressed at T3 (TNF –48 %, IL-1 –64 %) and T4 (TNF –40 %, IL-1 –24 %). A biphasic pattern was observed for IL-10 with initial depression at T3 (-51 %) and restoration at T4 ( + 40 %). Among the different cytokines monitored, only impaired TNF responsiveness at early reperfusion (T3) correlated with the postoperative course, as reflected by APACHE II. Cytokine response to LPS was maintained or even increased during and after surgery in the whole blood from patients undergoing hernia repair. Conclusions: Despite consistent development of clinical signs of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and spontaneous release of IL-6 abdominal aortic aneurysm repair produces a state of impaired pro-inflammatory cytokine response upon a subsequent in vitro Gram-negative stimulus. This early impairment of TNF responsiveness seems to correlate with an unfavorable postoperative course.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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