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  • 2005-2009  (7)
  • 2000-2004  (32)
  • 1995-1999  (90)
  • 1965-1969  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improvement of a 500 keV heavy-ion-beam probe for JIPP T-IIU tokamak : Proceedings of the tenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 321-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Several improvements in the high-voltage heavy-ion-beam probe (HIBP) are discussed. (1) It is clearly found that the precision slide mount of the detector plates 30° parallel to the base electrode is very effective for the determination of the in-plane entrance angle of the beam in the analyzer to estimate the error in the potential measurement. (2) A two-staged optical trap in the HIBP greatly reduced the effect of the UV radiation in the analyzer. (3) A multiple-plate detector up to 13 measurement points clearly showed the direction of the propagation of the turbulence and path-integral effects. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146399
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectral narrowing of an optically pumped high-power D2O laser using the oscillator-amplifier system (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 1378-1384 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Spectrally narrow outputs of about 10 MHz (full width at half-maximum) are obtained from an optically pumped high-power (100 kW) D2O laser system by using the oscillator-amplifier configuration, in which a low-power single-mode output from a compact D2O laser with a short cavity length is amplified by a large D2O laser amplifier. In order to obtain spectrally narrow outputs from the amplifier, the following three conditions need to be satisfied: (1) the D2O gas pressure of the amplifier is adjusted in the range from 4 to 6 Torr; (2) the oscillation frequency of the compact laser is tuned in the range about 15–35 MHz lower than the Raman resonance frequency; and (3) the intensity of the compact laser beam injected into the amplifier is larger than about 50 W/cm2. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358949
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Systemic and Cerebral Haemodynamics During Craniotomy Under Mild Hypothermia in Patients with Acute Subarachnoid Haemorrhage (2000)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 142 (2000), S. 1013-1020 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Haemodynamics; cerebral circulation; mild hypothermia; subarachnoid haemorrhage.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary ¶ Background. Mild hypothermia provides cerebral protection against ischaemic insults in various animal models. We compared systemic and cerebral oxygenation between mild hypothermic and normothermic management in 60 patients with acute subarachnoid haemorrhage who underwent clipping of cerebral aneurysms.  Method. The temperature in the pulmonary artery was maintained at 36°C in 28 patients and was reduced to 34°C in 32 patients. Parameters in the systemic and cerebral haemodynamics from pulmonary artery and internal jugular vein catheters were compared between the two groups immediately after the induction of anaesthesia (T1), and just before temporary occlusion or aneurysm clipping (T2).  Findings. Cardiac index, oxygen delivery index, oxygen consumption index, and oxygen saturation of the jugular bulb were significantly lower at T2 in hypothermic group (H) (2.9±0.6 L/min/m2, 400.8±106.3 ml/min·m2, 87.0±14.8 ml/min·m2, 55.2±6.6%, respectively) than in normothermic group (N) (3.7±0.6, 521.0±105.5, 109.9±21.7, 60.9±6.6) (p〈0.05). The arterial lactate and arteriojugular difference in oxygen content were significantly higher in H (2.3±1.3 mmol/L, 6.5±1.5 ml/dl, respectively) than in N (1.7±1.0, 5.6±1.2) (p〈0.05). Arteriojugular differences in carbon dioxide tension and hydrogen ion content were significantly lower at T2 in H (−10.8±2.1 mm Hg, −6.4±1.3 nmol/L, respectively) than in N (−8.9±2.8, −5.3±1.0) (p〈0.05).  Interpretation. The balance between oxygen supply and demand systemically and in the brain may worsen during aneurysm surgery for patients with acute subarachnoid haemorrhage under mild hypothermia. Oxygenation of the brain and the whole body should be monitored closely during this surgery, and adequate circulatory assistance is recommended under mild hypothermia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010070056
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Injection seeding for single-mode operation in an optically pumped high-power D2O laser (1995)
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 16 (1995), S. 2133-2146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Keywords: injection seeding ; spectral narrowing ; optically pumped D2O laser ; high power ; numerical simulation ; semiclassical theory
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Spectrally narrow, pulsed outputs consisting of almost a single mode have been obtained from an optically-pumped high-power (200kW) D2O laser by adopting the injection seeding method, where single-mode radiation (seed pulse) from a low-power, compact D2O laser has been injected into the main D2O laser. Spectrally narrow outputs with high power having spectral widths as narrow as 5 MHz have been obtained, when the seed pulses with frequency tuned to one longitudinal mode of the main D2O laser have been injected at a time sufficiently before the lasing of the main laser took place. The experimental results have been compared with those of numerical simulation modified to include the injection field with varying injection times.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02073415
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion properties of Al in ZnTe substrates (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 1989-1990 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In order to fabricate intrinsic pn junctions in p-type ZnTe substrates for realizing pure-green light-emitting diodes, Al was used as the diffusion species. We found that the Al diffusion region is observed as a dark region image by scanning electron microscopy. Al was diffused over a wide range of annealing temperatures and times. It was found that the activation energies of Al diffusion into p-type ZnTe substrates were 1.9±0.1 eV and the diffusion coefficient was given by D=20 exp(−1.9/kT) cm2/s. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1287235
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A field-reversal mechanism in a reversed-field pinch (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 2 (1995), S. 1182-1191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A field-reversal mechanism in a reversed-field pinch (RFP) is studied through a three-dimensional resistive compressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation of the single- and multiple-helicity modes. As the magnetic Reynolds number increases, the m=1 fluctuating magnetic field grows exponentially and extends radially, and then the flow begins to form the vortex structure around the core of the plasma. This radial flow acts such as to push out the toroidal magnetic field. As the dynamo electric field induced by this interaction increases near the core of the plasma, the toroidal magnetic field at the wall decreases toward the negative value and the toroidal magnetic field reverses. As a result, it is found that the field reversal is achieved by the single-helicity evolution of the m=1 mode alone, without the (m=0; n≠0) modes, and the interaction of the radial flow and the toroidal magnetic field is the most dominant source for the dynamo action on the field-reversal process. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871396
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic tunnel junctions on magnetic shield smoothed by gas cluster ion beam (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 6653-6655 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this work, a technique, gas cluster ion beam (GCIB), was introduced to smooth the bottom NiFe magnetic shield for magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) read heads. The GCIB treatment can bring the surface roughness of the shield from 15 to 20 Å to around 5 Å, and the most of scratch marks can be removed. The efficiency of the GCIB process is dependent on the initial surface morphology. The MTJs grown on the magnetic shield smoothed by the GCIB show that the resistance area product RA is increased from 60 to ∼100 Ω μm2 with the GCIB dose up to 1×1016 ions/cm2, arising from a smooth insulating layer, meanwhile, the tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) is almost constant or slightly decreases. This GCIB process can also improve breakdown voltage (approximately 0.019 V per 1015 ions/cm2) of the MTJs, and slightly increase the ferromagnetic coupling mainly due to the change of the surface morphology. Using this technology, an RA as low as 3.5–6.5 Ω μm2 together with a TMR of 14%–18% can be obtained for MTJs grown on the GCIB treated NiFe magnetic shield. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1359217
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a high-resolution x-ray imaging system with a charge-coupled-device detector coupled with crystal x-ray magnifiers (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 4449-4456 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A high-spatial-resolution x-ray imaging system for microscopic use has been developed, which utilizes a charge-coupled-device (CCD) detector as an imaging device. The spatial resolution of the x-ray CCD detector with Gd2O2S:Tb is 8.0 μm in terms of the full width at half-maximum of the line-spread function with a conversion gain of 0.58 e-h/xph. In order to obtain a higher spatial resolution, x-ray magnifiers based on asymmetric Si(111) Bragg reflections are placed in front of the x-ray CCD detector. The spatial resolution of this imaging system has been improved to 1.2 μm. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1322588
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Augmented railgun using a permanent magnet (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 4227-4232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The use of a permanent magnet instead of an electromagnet has been proposed for the augmentation of the magnetic field of a railgun driven by a current of approximately 20 kA. A permanent magnet has the following advantages in comparison with conventional augmentations using additional turns: (1) simple configuration of the system, (2) temporally and spatially constant magnetic fields, and (3) high efficiency. Here, the operation of a conventional railgun and that of an augmented railgun using a permanent magnet are compared experimentally, and the usefulness of the permanent magnet is described. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145374
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A newly developed multilayer semiconductor x-ray detector for the observations of wide energy-range x rays : Proceedings of the 5th international conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 2311-2313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: For the purpose of the developments of wide-energy-range-sensitive x-ray detectors, we have designed and fabricated a new-type multilayer semiconductor x-ray detector. This new-type detector has been characterized using synchrotron radiation from a 2.5-GeV positron storage ring at the Photon Factory of the National Laboratory for High Energy Physics (KEK). This new detector is essentially composed of four layers of commercially available photodiodes. Each photodiode is made from a 300-μm thick, and a 10×10-mm square-shaped wafer. For the common affiliation of these individual photodiodes, the quantum efficiency normalized by the photon energy η/E begins to decrease at 8 keV, and then η/E decreases down to 26% at 20 keV. On the other hand, for our newly designed detector a flat response even in the 10–20-keV energy regime (beam line 15C at the Photon Factory) is observed, and even at 100 keV η/E〈30% is still anticipated. This new x-ray detector has various advantages: (i) A compact, and (ii) outgas-free detector for a high-vacuum use, along with (iii) a high degree of immunity to ambient magnetic fields. Furthermore, (iv) the combination of the x-ray signal outputs from each detector layer provides information on the x-ray emitting electron energies. These properties are quite suitable for the use of the fusion-oriented plasma x-ray diagnostics under intense-magnetic field and high-vacuum conditions so as to interpret wide-band x-ray emitting electron-velocity distribution functions from the x-ray data. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145673
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