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  • 2000-2004  (15)
  • 1965-1969  (12)
  • 1945-1949  (1)
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 71 (2000), S. 1098-1106 
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter: Femur ; Pseudarthrose ; Revisionschirurgie ; Versagen primärer Osteosynthesen ; Keywords: Femur ; Pseudarthrosis ; Fracture care ; Failure of primary implants ; Revision procedures.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract. Between 1981 and 1994 at the Bergmannsheil Ruhr University Hospital in Bochum, Germany, we treated 145 patients with femoral diaphyseal nonunions following initial operative treatment. Of these patients, 138 received this initial operative treatment at an outside institution. The primary reconstructions for the fractures utilized plates in 112 cases, reamed nails in 24 cases and external fixators in 9 cases. The average age of the patients was 35 years and the mean time from the initial operative treatment was 2 years. Twenty-seven patients (19 %) presented with a hypertrophic nonunion and 118 (81 %) with an atrophic nonunion. There was a significant correlation between primary “classic” plating and development of an atrophic nonunion (χ 2-test: P 〈 0.01). We observed 34 wound infections (23 %) with no significant correlation to the type of primary osteosynthesis. We determined that 73 of the pseudarthroses were due to improper osteosynthesis techniques. Of these cases, 41 % involved the use of plates, 83 % involved the use of reamed nails, and 78 % involved the use of external fixators. Fracture location near the diaphyseal-metaphyseal junctions was common in this problematic group. Ninety-two percent of all plates led to atrophic nonunions. There were 21 open fractures and of these 90 % (n = 19) developed an atrophic pseudarthrosis and 29 % (n = 6) developed a wound infection. Fifty-seven (39 %) of all patients had additional injuries, but we found that did not increase the risk of disturbed bone healing. Our revision operations focused on the elimination of wound infections, refreshment of bone healing, and improvement in fragment stability. Only 28 % of all “classic” plates and 11 % of all external fixators were changed to an intramedullary implant at the time of the first revision surgery. Hypertrophic nonunions required a mean of 1.3 revision operations to achieve bone healing whereas a mean of 2 revision operations were necessary to fuse atrophic bone ends (P 〈 0.05). In cases of diaphyseal pseudarthrosis healing time was not affected by the type of osteosynthesis used for primary reconstructions. Since lack of fracture healing can often already be observed directly from postoperative X-rays, we recommend that revision procedures be performed early. The prolonged length of time to care for femoral nonunions underlines the importance of appropriate primary fracture treatment. That takes into consideration both the biomechanical and the biological aspects of bone healing.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung. Zwischen 1981 und 1994 wurden an der Chirurgischen Universitätsklinik Bergmannsheil 145 Patienten mit diaphysären Femurpseudarthrosen behandelt. Die Primärosteosynthesen setzten sich aus 112 Plattenanlagen (77 %), 24 Marknagelungen (17 %) und 9 Fixateur externen (6 %) zusammen. Das Durchschnittsalter betrug 35 Jahre, die mittlere Behandlungsdauer 2 Jahre. 27 Patienten (19 %) hatten eine hypertrophe und 118 (81 %) eine atrophe Pseudarthrosenform. Zwischen den primären „klassischen“ Plattenosteosynthesen und der Häufigkeit areaktiver Heilungsstörungen bestand ein hoch signifikanter Zusammenhang (χ 2-Test: p 〈 0,01). 34 Wundinfektionen (23 %) nach dem Ersteingriff verteilten sich prozentual gleichmäßig auf alle Implantate. Als Ursache der Pseudarthrosenentwicklung sahen wir biomechanisch unzureichende Primärosteosynthesen bei insgesamt 73 Patienten (50 %), 41 % der Platten, 83 % der Marknägel und 78 % der Fixateure. Die metaphysennahen Schaftfrakturen waren hierdurch signifikant häufiger betroffen. Der Anteil an areaktiven Pseudarthrosen nach vorangegangener Plattenosteosynthese betrug 92 % (n = 103). Von 21 offenen Schaftfrakturen entwickelten 90 % (n = 19) eine avitale Pseudarthrose und insgesamt 29 % (n = 6) einen Wundinfekt. Zusätzliche Verletzungen lagen nur bei 39 % (n = 57) der Behandelten vor und hatten für die Pseudarthrosenentwicklung keine Bedeutung. Die Revisionseingriffe zielten auf eine Infektbehandlung, Revitalisation und Stabilitätsverbesserung ab. Der Verfahrenswechsel zum Marknagel erfolgte während der Erstrevision nur bei 28 % der Platten und 11 % der Fixateure. Während hypertrophe Pseudarthrosen schon nach durchschnittlich 1,3 Revisionen ausheilten, waren bei den areaktiven Störungen im Mittel 2 Wiederholungseingriffe notwendig (p 〈 0,05). Die Heilungsdauer von Pseudarthrosen nach Plattenanlage unterschied sich nicht wesentlich von der nach primärer, gebohrter Marknagelung. Da die sich abzeichnende Knochenheilungsstörung häufig schon auf den unmittelbaren postoperativen Röntgenbildern antizipiert werden kann, empfehlen wir notwendige Folgeeingriffe deutlich frühzeitiger durchzuführen. Der lange Behandlungsverlauf unterstreicht die Bedeutung adäquater Frakturversorgungen unter Berücksichtigung biologischer Heilungsvorgänge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Unfallchirurg 103 (2000), S. 254-257 
    ISSN: 1433-044X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Indianapolis ist die Hauptstadt von Indiana und liegt ca. 300 südlich von Chicago. Hier bin ich mit Dr. K. D. Shelbourne im “Methodist Sports Medicine Center” verabredet. Der Sportorthopäde betreute 14 Jahre den “Profi” Football Club “Indianapolis Colts” und ist durch seine Publikationen zur Kreuzbandrehabilitation bekannt. Ende der 70er Jahre bildete er als Fellow bei Dr. W. Clancy seine Schwerpunkt in der Kreuzbandchirurgie und praktiziert seit 1982 in Indianapolis. Auf dem Weg zu seiner Ambulanz erklärt er mir, dass seiner Ansicht nach die beste Therapie von Komplikationen (wie z. B. Patellaschmerzen und Arthrofibrose) darin bestehen, diese beim Patient erst gar nicht so weit kommen zu lassen. Die Grundzüge seiner Operationstechnik (Miniarthrotoie und Suture-Button-Fixation der Patellasehne) habe er in den vergangenen 15 Jahren nicht mehr verändert. In der Ambulanz stelle ich mich dem Team vor: 2 Sekretärinnen, 4 Ambulanzschwestern und 6 wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterinnen für die wissenschaftliche Datenauswertung. Hinter Shelbourne steckt also keine “Ein-Man-Show”, sondern ein 12-köpfiges Team.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 339 (1965), S. 198-205 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary From the agreement of morphologic, physical, and biochemical studies it could be shown that the course of healing of an experimental laparotomy wound in the rat was better if species-specific soluble collagen were administered. The negative results reported by other authors in similar studies may be related to the heterologous nature of the collagen used.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Nach Verabfolgung von arteigenem löslichem Kollagen konnte an experimentellen Laparotomiewunden der Ratte ein besserer Wundheilverlauf festgestellt werden in Übereinstimmung mit morphologischen, physikalischen und biochemischen Untersuchungen. Die von anderen Autoren mitgeteilten negativen Ergebnisse bei ähnlichen Versuchen werden auf die artfremde Herkunft des Kollagens zurückgeführt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 213 (1967), S. 1224-1226 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] "Black" membranes were obtained from a 0-5 per cent (w/v) solution of phosphatidyl inositol in n-decane. The membranes were formed at 35 C on a circular aperture in the wall of a 'Teflon' cell which was immersed in an aqueous salt solution7. With salt concentrations of c^lO-3 moles/1, the membranes ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 223 (1969), S. 1254-1255 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Previous work on the abundance of iron in the photosphere of the Sun and in stellar atmospheres was based on several determinations of the absolute f-values for the resonance lines and the extensive set of relative f-values measured by King and King2. New measurements by T. G. and M. K.3, using an ...
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Attitudes End-of-life decision Physician Nurse Do-not-resuscitate order Advance directive Cross-cultural comparison
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective: Do-not-resuscitate orders (DNR orders) and advance directives (AD) have been developed and their use by patients is increasing. The objective of the study was to evaluate the compliance with patient's wishes and doctors' and nurses' agreement on decision-making in the treatment of elderly patients from a cross-cultural perspective. Design and participants: One hundred and four Swedish physicians and 122 nurses as well as 192 German physicians and 182 nurses from teaching and university hospitals were surveyed by a questionnaire based on a case-vignette with three scenarios of available information about patient's wishes for treatment. Results: A relationship between the perceived level of help and the chosen treatment option was established for all four samples, especially for the scenario in which an AD was available. Two patterns of closely related determinants appeared: (a) 'patient's wishes', 'ethical concerns', and 'family wishes'; and (b) 'patient's age', 'level of dementia', and 'hospital costs'. Conclusions: An intensive and continuous education of physicians and nurses in medical ethics is required to promote patient autonomy in clinical practice. The ethical implications of patient's age and level of dementia in relation to hospital costs should constitute important topics of these educational programs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 45 (1967), S. 323-324 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A group of clinically euthyroid obese patients was found to have significantly lower PBI-values (4,47 γ-%) than controls (5,09 γ-%). Binding of triiodothyronine-125I to serum proteins as estimated by dextran gel filtration was significantly increased in the obese group (87,64 vs. 84,98%).
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das proteingebundene Jod im Serum wurde bei einer Gruppe von adipösen Patienten im Mittel signifikant vermindert gegenüber dem Mittelwert eines Normalkollektivs gefunden. Die Bindung von Trijodthyronin-125Jod an Serumproteine war bei Adipositas signifikant erhöht.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 46 (1968), S. 49-51 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A case of ectopic ACTH syndrome is reported presenting with hypercorticism and pronounced hypokalemic alkalosis in a woman aged 55 y. with metastatic cancer of the pancreas. The failure to show a significant difference of plasma ACTH-levels from bulbus superior venae jugularis resp. femoral vein supported the clinical assumption of non pituitary origin of elevated plasma ACTH.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird über einen Fall von ektopischem ACTH-Syndrom mit Hypercortizismus und hypokaliämischer Alkalose bei einem metastasierten Pankreas-Carcinom berichtet. Das Fehlen einer Differenz zwischen den ACTH-Spiegeln im Plasma aus dem Bulbus cranialis venae jugularis und aus der Vena femoralis unterstützte die Annahme einer nicht hypophysären Herkunft der erhöhten ACTH-Spiegel.
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  • 19
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The myocardial extraction of acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate was determined in 55 metabolically normal patients during diagnostic heart catheterizations. In order to obtain a complete insight into the substrate supply of the myocardium, arterio-coronary-venous differences of glucose, lactate, pyruvate, non esterified fatty acids, amino acids and oxygen were also measured. From the considerably varying arterial concentrations of acetoacetate (7,2±0,66 µMol/100) and β-hydroxybutyrate (21,3±2,6 µMol/100) the human heart muscle extracts an average of 50% acetoacetate (3,6±0,36 µMol/100) and 35,2% β-hydroxybutyrate (7,5±1,2 µMol/100). Both substrates showed a statistically significant correlation between arterial concentration and myocardial extraction. The β-hydroxybutyrate/acetoacetate quotient was found to be 2,87±0,25 in the arterial and 3,69±0,31 in the coronaryvenous blood. Although a high percentage of the arterial level of acetoacetate is extracted by the heart, this substrate accounts for only 2,6±0,3% of the total oxydative myocardial metabolism. The value for β-hydroxybutyrate at 6,0±1,0% is considerably higher, thus obtaining an oxygen extraction ratio of 8,6% for the total ketone-bodies. The other substrates involved in the myocardial metabolism showed oxygen extraction ratios similar to those previously reported by our group: glucose 14,5±1,9%, lactate 12,9±1,1%, pyruvate 1,0±0,1%, non esterified fatty acids 69,7±3,0%. With higher arterial levels of ketone-bodies an increase of their oxygen extraction ratio was found, whereas the uptake of carbohydrates was proportionally decreased. The percentual extraction of non esterified fatty acids did not change. These results indicate that the myocardium oxidizes ketonebodies in preference to carbohydrates. The redox-potentials of the β-hydroxybutyrate/acetoacetate and the lactate/pyruvate systems are changed across the heart in an opposite way. The β-hydroxybutyrate/acetoacetate system becomes more negative (ΔE=−3,1±0,6 mV), the lactate/pyruvate system tends to be slightly positive (ΔE=+0,9±0,63 mV).
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das Verhalten von Acetacetat und β-Hydroxybutyrat im Stoffwechsel des menschlichen Herzens wurde im Rahmen diagnostischer Herzkatheterisationen an 55 stoffwechselgesunden Patienten untersucht. Außerdem erfolgte die Bestimmung der arterio-coronarvenösen Differenzen für Glucose, Lactat, Pyruvat, nicht veresterten Fettsäuren, Aminosäuren und Sauerstoff, um einen vollständigen Einblick in die Substratversorgung des Myokards zu erhalten. Bei physiologisch stark schwankenden arteriellen Konzentrationen von Acetacetat (7,2±0,66 µMol/100) und β-Hydroxybutyrat (21,3±2,6 µMol/100) extrahiert der Herzmuskel vom Angebot durchschnittlich 50% Acetacetat (3,6±0,36 µMol/100) und 35,2% β-Hydroxybutyrat (7,5±1,2 µMol/100). Für beide Substrate konnte zwischen arterieller Konzentration und myokardialer Extraktion eine statistisch gesicherte Abhängigkeit nachgewiesen werden. Der Quotient β-Hydroxybutyrat/Acetacetat beträgt arteriell 2,87±0,25 und coronarvenös 3,69±0,31. Der Anteil von Acetacetat am oxydativen Stoff-wechsel des menschlichen Herzens erreicht trotz hoher prozentualer Extraktion nur 2,6±0,3%. Der Wert für β-Hydroxybutyrat liegt mit 6,0±1,0% wesentlich höher, so daß sich für die Gesamtketonkörper ein Sauerstoffextraktionsquotient von 8,6% ergibt. Für die übrigen am Myokardstoffwechsel beteiligten Substrate errechnen sich Sauerstoffextraktionsquotienten, die in den von uns bereits früher angegebenen Bereich fallen: Glucose 14,5±1,9%, Lactat 12,9±1,1%, Pyruvat 1,0±0,1%, nicht veresterte Fettsäuren 69,7±3,0%. Bei überdurchschnittlich hohen arteriellen Ketonkörperkonzentrationen nimmt der Anteil der Ketonkörper am gesamten oxydativen Stoffwechsel des Herzens beträchtlich zu, während die Kohlenhydrate in etwa gleicher Größenordnung abnehmen. Die nicht veresterten Fettsäuren zeigen keine Änderung ihrer prozentualen Extraktion. Die Ketonkörper stellen somit gegenüber den Kohlenhydraten ein vom Herzmuskel bevorzugtes Substrat dar. Die Redoxpotentiale der Substratpaare ß-Hydroxybutyrat/Acetacetat und Lactat/Pyruvat werden bei der Herzmuskelpassage im Prinzip in gegensätzlicher Weise verändert, und zwar erfährt das β-Hydroxybutyrat/Acetacetat-System eine Negativierung (ΔE=−3,1±0,6 mV) und das Lactat/Pyruvat-System eine angedeutete Positivierung (ΔE=+0,9±0,63 mV).
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 250 (2000), S. 40-47 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Key words Temperament ; Character ; Unipolar depressive disorder ; Course of illness ; Inpatients
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cloninger has developed a novel approach concerning relationships between psychopathological syndromes and personality by his biosocial theory. Increased levels of harm avoidance (HA) were consistently found in unipolar disorders. The present study was conducted to cross-validate, in part, previous findings that high harm avoidance (HA) persisted in the course of disorder and to explore the distinct role of character dimensions. One hundred and twenty-six inpatients with an unipolar depressive disorder and 126 healthy controls, strictly matched for age and gender have been included in the study. Our findings underline that higher harm avoidance among unipolar depressives compared to healthy controls persisted after treatment even if a significant reduction could be observed. Recurrent disorders and comorbidity with anxiety disorders seem to be related to a relatively immature character in terms of consistently lower scores for the character dimensions (e.g. self-directedness and cooperativeness) of the patients classified into these groups both at admission and at discharge compared with their healthy counterparts.
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