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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The immune reaction to heterologous serum causes osteonecrosis in rabbits (1995)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 427 (1995), S. 205-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Osteonecrosis ; Serum sickness ; Immune reaction ; Animal model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Osteonecrosis (ON) was produced experimentally in rabbits by intravenous injection of horse serum. Eighty adult rabbits were used: 16 were injected twice with isotonic saline (Group A), 24 were injected once with saline and once with horse serum (Group B), and 40 were injected twice with horse serum (Group C). Both femurs of each rabbit were obtained from 2 h to 7 weeks after the final injection an were subjected to histological examination. No pathological changes were seen in Groups A and B. In Group C, 5 of 15 rabbits (33%) showed ON (necrosis of trabecula and bone marrow) in the femoral metaphysis. In Group C, the early major pathological findings in bone marrow are extravasation of erythrocytes in sinusoidal spaces and microthrombi in small arteries and arterioles near the lesion of extravasation. Immune complexes were demonstrated in the kidney within 24 h of the final injection of horse serum. The present study suggests that immunological reaction associated with serum sickness may play an important role in inducible ON and this model will contribute toward clarifying the pathogenesis of ON.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00196527
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alumina ceramic prostheses for bone tumor surgery (1992)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 112 (1992), S. 1-4 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Between 1979 and 1990 reconstruction using a ceramic prosthesis with a polycrystal alumina segment and a monocrystal alumina stem was carried out in 65 patients after the resection of malignant or benign aggressive bone tumors. Resection of 18 osteosarcomas, 5 chondrosarcomas, 9 other sarcomas, 10 giant cell tumors, 20 metastatic bone tumors, and 3 other bone tumors was followed by replacement of 17 proximal femurs, 12 distal femurs, 12 proximal tibia, 11 proximal humeri, 3 distal radii, 5 midshafts of the long bone, 2 pelvises, and 3 other parts. Results were rated excellent in 4 cases, good in 43, fair in 13, and poor in 4. In the cases with benignly aggressive or low-grade malignant tumors and those with tumors of the proximal femur, proximal tibia, or midshaft, satisfactory results can be obtained. Four skin ulcers, three dislocations, three loosenings, two infections, and two breaks were noted. Close interfacing between the ceramic prosthesis and the bone was observed radiologically in all cases with cementless fixation except in cases with high-grade malignancies in the knee joint. These results demonstrate that the ceramic prosthesis can be beneficial for the management of patients with benignly aggressive or low-grade malignant bone tumors who have retained adequate muscle strength around the joint even after tumor resection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00431035
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    G-protein activation enhances Ca+2-dependent lipid secretion of the rat Harderian gland (1995)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 192 (1995), S. 319-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Harderian gland ; Rat ; G-protein ; Carbachol ; Extracellular calcium ion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied the secretory mechanism of the Harderian gland of rats. After perfusion with HEPES-buffered Ringer's solution containing NaF (10 mM) with AlCl3 (10 μM), a G-protein activator, the glandular cells of the Harderian gland showed massive exocytosis and apocrine-like protrusions on the luminal surface. Some of the secretory vacuoles aggregated within the cytoplasm, and large vacuoles were formed. Contraction of the myoepithelial cells covering the glandular endpieces caused a narrowing of the glandular lumina, which contained cytoplasmic fragments, and deformation of the basal contour of the glandular end-pieces. The basal regions of the glandular cells also bulged between the myoepithelial cells. Secretory vacuoles were also discharged to the lateral cell surface, and the intercellular spaces were dilated. The enhanced secretory activities of the glandular cells and the contraction of the myoepithelial cells were similar to those in rats stimulated with 10 μM carbachol (CCh). However, dilatation of the endoplasmic reticulum in glandular cells (type A cells), which leads to the formation of small vesicles, was observed in those glands stimulated by NaF+AlCl3, but not in those stimulated by CCh. Removal of Ca+2 from the perfusing HR or addition of EDTA (0.5 mM) diminished and inhibited NaF+AlCl3- or CCh-enhanced secretory activity of the glandular cells and also allayed the deformation of glandular cells caused by myoepithelial cell contraction. The present results demonstrate the involvement of G-proteins and Ca2+-influx in the lipid secretion of glandular cells and in the contraction of myoepithelial cells of the Harderian gland in rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00710101
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Postnatal development of neuropeptide Y- and calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunoreactive nerves in the rat urinary bladder (1994)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 189 (1994), S. 361-373 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Postnatal development ; Neuropeptide Y ; Calcitonin gene-related peptide ; Urinary bladder ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The postnatal development of neuropeptide Y- and calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunoreactive (NPY-IR and CGRP-IR) nerve fibers in the rat urinary bladder was investigated using whole-mount preparations and cryostat sections. In newborn and 3-day-old rats, many NPY-IR nerve fibers were observed in the subserous and muscle layers. Many NPY-IR nerve cell bodies clustered at branching points of the subserous nerve bundles. Within 4 weeks after birth, these cell bodies drastically decreased in number and spread along the bundles, although the number of NPY-IR nerve fibers increased moderately. In contrast, CGRP-IR nerve fibers in newborn and 3-day-old rats were less developed, and no CGRP-IR nerve cell body was observed in any rat. However, CGRP-IR nerve fiber distribution in the urinary tissues conspicuously increased within 4 weeks after birth. Especially, an increase of the infraepithelial fibers showing a meshwork appearance was prominent in the fundus and corpus of the bladder. The infra- and intraepithelial CGRP-IR nerve meshwork of the ventral wall was more dense than that of the trigone. At 4 weeks, NPY-IR and CGRP-IR nerves were similar to those of the adult rat (8–12 weeks old). The present study suggests a correlation between the development of the peripheral nervous system in the urinary bladder and maturation of micturition behavior in the rat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00190591
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytomegalovirus-associated myelodysplasia and thrombocytopenia in an immunocompetent adult (1997)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 74 (1997), S. 99-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Adult ; Cytomegalovirus ; Myelodysplasia ; Thrombocytopenia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Myelodysplasia and severe thrombocytopenia in association with cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in immunocompetent adults have rarely been reported. We describe a previously healthy man who developed severe thrombocytopenia with myelodysplastic changes of bone marrow and multiple autoimmune abnormalities following CMV infection. We also discuss possible mechanisms leading to myelodysplasia and thrombocytopenia in CMV infection. We believe that CMV infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of myelodysplasia and acute thrombocytopenia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002770050265
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) immunoreactivity in the mouse adrenal gland (1993)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 100 (1993), S. 203-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) immunoreactivity was revealed by immunocytochemistry in the mouse adrenal gland at the light and electron microscopic levels. Groups of weakly or faintly GABA immunoreactive chromaffin cells were often seen in the adrenal medulla. By means of immunohistochemistry combined with fluorescent microscopy, these GABA immunoreactive chromaffin cells showed noradrenaline fluorescence. The immunoreaction product was seen mainly in the granular cores of these noradrenaline cells. These results suggest the co-existence of GABA and noradrenaline within the chromaffin granules. Sometimes thick or thin bundles of GABA immunoreactive nerve fibers with or without varicosities were found running through the cortex directly into the medulla. In the medulla, GABA immunoreactive varicose nerve fibers were numerous and were often in close contact with small adrenaline cells and large ganglion cells; a few, however, surrounded clusters of the noradrenaline cells, where membrane specializations were formed. Single GABA immunoreactive nerve fibers, and thin or thick bundles of the immunoreactive varicose nerve fibers ran along the blood vessels in the medulla. The immunoreaction deposits were observed diffusely in the axoplasm and in small agranular vesicles of the GABA immunoreactive nerve fibers. Since no ganglion cells with GABA immunoreactivity were found in the adrenal gland, the GABA immunoreactive nerve fibers are regarded as extrinsic in origin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00269093
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical study of tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine β-hydroxylase immunoreactivities in the rat pancreas (1994)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 101 (1994), S. 313-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An immunohistochemical and immunoelectron microscopic study was used to demonstrate tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH) immunoreactivities in the rat pancreas. Small TH immunoreactive cells were found in close contact with large TH immunonegative ganglion cells among the exocrine glands and were occasionally found in some islets. Some of these TH immunoreactive cells were also DBH immunopositive. The immunoreaction product was seen diffusely in the cytoplasm and in the granule cores of TH immunoreactive cells. All intra-pancreatic ganglion cells were immunoreactive for DBH, but not for TH. The TH immunoreactive cells were identified as small intensely fluorescent (SIF) cells due to their localization and morphological characteristics and showed no insulin, glucagon, somatostatin or pancreatic polypeptide immunoreactivities. These results indicate that SIF cells may release dopamine or noradrenaline to adequate stimuli while the intra-pancreatic ganglion cells with only DBH may not synthesize catecholamines in a normal biosynthetic pathway. TH immunoreactive nerve bundles without varicosities and fibers with varicosities, associated or unassociated with blood vessels, were found in both the exocrine and endocrine pancreas. Close apposition of TH immunoreactive nerve fibers to the smooth muscle and endothelial cells of the blood vessels was observed. A close apposition between TH immunoreactive nerve fibers and exocrine acinar cells and islet endocrine cells was sometimes found in the pancreas. The immunoreaction product was seen diffusely in the axoplasm and in the granular vesicles of the immunoreactive nerve fibers. Since no TH immunoreactive ganglion cells were present in the rat pancreas, the present study suggests that noradrenergic nerve fibers in the pancreas may be extrinsic in origin, and may exert an effect on the regulation of blood flow and on the secretory acitivity of the acinar cells, duct cells and endocrine cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00268992
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Filopodia and growth cones in the vertically migrating granule cells of the postnatal mouse cerebellum (1997)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 117 (1997), S. 17-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Key words Filopodia ; Growth cone ; Laser scanning confocal microscopy ; Perpendicular contact guidance ; Mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The details of the morphology of vertically migrating granule cells were examined semiquantitatively in the postnatal mouse cerebellum by a Golgi method, with special reference to the growth cone-related structures such as filopodia and lamellipodia. The first sign of inward migration was extension of short, vertical filopodium-like processes from the sides of the perikarya of tangentially oriented granule cells, followed by a change of orientation of cell bodies to the vertical axis showing a T-shaped morphology. The T-shaped migratory cells formed sprouted filopodia (side spikes) from their vertical leading processes and perikarya at right angles to the vertical axis. More than three-quarters of the migratory cells extended the side spikes. The presence of such side spikes was confirmed with laser scanning confocal microscopy of granule cells labeled with 1,1′, dioctadecyl-3,3,3′,3-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate and also with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, about one-fourth of migratory cells extended lamellipodia of web-like forms along the stem or at the tip of the leading process, some of which showed a typical growth cone. Several morphological variations of vertical granule cells were also observed. Furthermore, TEM observation confirmed that side spikes from migratory cells made direct contact with parallel fibers. The present results suggest that, during vertical migration, growth cone-related structures of the leading processes of granule cells adhere to and probably recognize tangentially oriented parallel fibers. Therefore, the mechanisms of the vertical guidance and migration of granule cells in the cerebellar cortex seem to be multiple, involving not only parallel contact guidance by the Bergmann glia fibers but also perpendicular contact guidance by the parallel fibers. These parallel and perpendicular geometric cues surrounding the granule cells seem to have produced the varying morphology of vertically migrating granule cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00005787
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vivo administration of serum thymic factor (FTS) prevents EMC-D virus-induced diabetes and myocarditis in BALB/cAJcl mice (1996)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 141 (1996), S. 73-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of serum thymic factor (FTS) on the D-variant of encephalomyocarditis (EMC-D) virus-induced diabetes and myocarditis in BALB/cAJcl mice was investigated. Mice pretreated with 50 or 10 µg of FTS were infected with 10 or 103 PFU of EMC-D virus. In the mice inoculated with 10 PFU of virus, 40% developed diabetes on post-infection day (PID) 14, whereas those treated with FTS (50 µg/administration) on day 2 and 1 before infection did not develop diabetes. FTS (10 µg)-pretreated mice developed diabetes. In histological observation, FTS non-treated mice which developed diabetes showed severe necrosis and inflammation of mononuclear cells in the islets of Langerhans and myocardia on 19 PID. Mice pretreated with 50 µg of FTS, however, manifested mild islet degeneration without any myocardial inflammation. Furthermore, in FTS non-treated mice, immunohistological staining showed a loss of insulin granules. This loss was markedly reversed and insulin granules remained largely intact in FTS-pretreated mice. Viral titers in pancreas of FTS-pretreated mice approximated well to those of non-treated mice on PID 4, 7 and 19. In mice inoculated with higher titer of EMC-D virus (103 PFU), however, 50 µg of FTS pretreatment did not change the course of these acute pathological developments (diabetes and myocarditis observed from PID 4).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01718589
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The enhancement of catecholamine-induced Cl− current by cyclic GMP revealed using photolabile caged compounds in guinea-pig ventricular cells (1993)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 424 (1993), S. 546-548 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Whole cell currents were recorded in single myocytes dissociated from guinea-pig ventricles, and caged compounds were loaded intracellularly through the patch electrodes. Flash photolysis of caged cyclic GMP (cGMP) increased the amplitudes of both catecholamine-induced Cl− (ICl) and Ca2+ currents (ICa) which were pre-activated by submaximum doses of isoprenaline. Transient activation of ICl by photo-release of cyclic AMP (cAMP) showed a half decay time (t1/2) of 16.7±1.4 sec (mean±S.E.M., n=14). This decay was markedly delayed by inhibiting phosphodiesterases using 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX). The intracellular application of cGMP (10–50μ M)also prolonged the decay of the ICl response to caged cAMP (t1/2=38.0±7.1 sec, n=12). These findings strongly support the hypothesis that cGMP facilitates theβ-adrenergic response of ionic currents through the inhibition of phosphodiesterase in mammalian cardiac myocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00374920
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