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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synergistic activation of rat supraoptic neurosecretory neurons by noxious and hypovolemic stimuli (1986)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 62 (1986), S. 572-578 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Vasopressin cell ; Noxious input ; Hypovolemia ; Supraoptic nucleus ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of saphenous nerve stimulation on discharge activity of supraoptic neurosecretory (NS) cells were studied in anesthetized rats. Of 112 supraoptic neurosecretory cells, 62 exhibited a ‘phasic’ discharge pattern. The nerve stimulation transiently excited 46 of these 62 ‘phasic’ units, as well as 35 of the 50 remaining ‘non-phasic’ units. No appreciable blood pressure change was noted using PSTHs with 1-ms resolution. Though the nerve stimulation also evoked a flexor reflex of the ipsilateral hind limb, blockage of the hind limb movement with gallamine did not alter the amplitude of the supraoptic cell excitation. The threshold of the nerve stimulation was higher for the excitation than for the flexor reflex. Effects of hypovolemic and hyperosmotic stimuli on discharge activity of ‘phasic’ cells during saphenous nerve stimulation were studied to find a possible interaction between these stimuli. Hemorrhage potentiated the transient excitation evoked by the nerve stimulation in all of the 8 ‘phasic’ cells tested, while no such effect was seen after an injection of hypertonic sodium chloride solution in the 7 ‘phasic’ cells tested. These electrophysiological data suggest that hypovolemic and noxious stimuli potentiate VP secretion in a synergistic manner but that hyperosmotic and noxious stimuli do not.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236036
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vasopressin secretion: suppression after light and tone stimuli previously paired with footshocks in rats (1988)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 71 (1988), S. 291-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: ACTH ; Emotional response ; Motor activity ; Vasopressin ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In an attempt to find whether vasopressin (VP) secretion is suppressed by learned emotional stress, we have given rats under a hypertonic condition simultaneously applied light and tone that had been paired previously with footshocks and have quantified immunoreactive VP (ir-VP) in the plasma. In a training session light (60 watt) and tone (2 kz) of 3-s duration which were paired with electric footshocks (50 Hz, 1-s duration) were given to rats 11 times at an interval of 30 s. Various lengths of time after the training, the rats were tested with light and tone, which were unpaired with footshocks and repeatedly applied every 15 s for 3 min in the box used for training. Hypertonic NaCl (0.5 M, 2 ml/ 100 g b. w.) was injected s. c. 30 min before testing to increase the basal level of plasma VP. After testing, plasma ir-VP was significantly less in the experimental group than in the 0-mA control group of rats that were trained without FS. The values for the experimental group were also significantly less than those of untested control rats that had been trained with FS but were not tested. Plasma osmolality and blood haemoglobin concentration were not significantly different between control and experimental groups. Plasma immunoreactive adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ir-ACTH) level was higher and motor activity as expressed by cumulative time period of body movement during testing was lower in the experimental group than in either of the control groups. The difference in plasma ir-VP between experimental and control groups was statistically significant two days but not seven days after training, whereas ACTH and motor activity in experimental groups were still significantly different from those in control groups seven days after training. The suppressive VP and augmentative ACTH responses to testing disappeared in the rats that had received light and tone repeatedly during the intervening period between training and testing. These data support the hypothesis that emotional stimuli suppress VP secretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00247489
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pontine neurones: Electrophysiological evidence of mediating carotid baroreceptor inputs to supraoptic neurones in rats (1981)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 42 (1981), S. 362-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Carotid baroreceptor ; Pain afferents ; Pontine neurone ; Rat ; Supraoptic nucleus neurone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Effects of pressure stimulation of the isolated carotid sinus, of occlusion of the common carotid artery and of tail pinching on the discharge activity of dorsal pontine area neurones and antidromically identified supraoptic neurosecretory neurones were studied in male rats anaesthetized with urethane. Electrical stimulation of the supraoptic nucleus (SON) produced antidromically conducted action potentials in a small number (24/384) of the units recorded in the dorsal pontine area. Pressure pulse stimulation of the isolated carotid sinus inhibited and carotid occlusion facilitated discharge activity in some of the tested dorsal pontine area neurones. In these responsive pontine neurones a transient excitation of grouped discharges was occasionally observed to concur with a small, spontaneous depression of the arterial blood pressure. Tail pinching excited some of these pontine neurones. Histological examination revealed that these responsive neurones were located in the dorsal pontine area close, but ventral and lateral, to the locus coeruleus. Electrical stimulation of the dorsal pons evoked a synaptically mediated excitation in 20 and inhibition in the other seven of the 52 SON units which were identified antidromically after stimulation of the pituitary stalk. Pressure stimulation of the isolated carotid sinus evoked an inhibition of discharge activity in some of the SON units which were excited by dorsal pontine area stimulation. All of the six tested units which showed inhibition after dorsal pontine area stimulation were unresponsive to pressure stimulation. Based on these data, it was concluded that at least some of the neurones which mediate carotid baroreceptor inputs to SON neurosecretory neurones are located in the dorsal pontine area close, but ventral and lateral, to the locus coeruleus and that these dorsal pontine area neurones also mediate converging synaptic inputs originating from somatic pain receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237501
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epidemiological studies of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) related virus infection among urban rats in Hokkaido, Japan (1986)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 88 (1986), S. 231-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Seroepidemiological studies of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) virus infection were carried out among urban rats(Rattus norvegicus andRattus rattus) and small field rodents in Hokkaido, Japan. An urban rat colony that was seropositive to SR-11 strain of HFRS virus (laboratory rat origin) was demonstrated in February 1983 at a dumping ground area of Kami-iso Town near Hakodate port. An HFRS-related virus, named KI-262 strain, was isolated from the lung tissue of a seropositive rat using Vero-E6 cell culture. Antigenicity of the isolate was closely related to Hantaan 76–118 and SR-11 strains by the indirect immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) test. No seropositive rat was found among the 861 rats captured in 38 other regions. It is unclear whether or not the infected rats in the positive area were introduced from abroad, though the area is located near Hakodate International Port. Furthermore, higher positive rates of urban rats in the Kami-iso area were observed in the spring and winter than in the summer and fall. Significantly high proportion of positive cases was observed among adult rats (six months or older) than among younger animals. The seasonal and age distribution of postive cases suggested that the virus was not readily transmitted from one infected rat to another. One seropostive case of a small field mouse(Clethrionomys rufocanus bedfordiae) was detected around the Kami-iso area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01310877
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of creep crack growth rate in IN-100 based on the Q* parameter concept (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 33 (1998), S. 1555-1562 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Since the high-strength Ni-based superalloy, cast IN-100, is considered to be brittle at high temperatures, the stable creep crack growth region is limited. Therefore, technically, it is very difficult to perform creep tests and there are few experimental results on the creep crack growth behaviour of this material. We performed creep crack growth tests using Ni-based superalloy, cast IN-100, and derived the Q* parameter for this material, which characterizes the creep crack growth rate. Using this Q* parameter, we derived a law for the creep rupture life of this material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1017511703462
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photostability of the laser dye DCM in various inorganic-organic host matrices (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of sol gel science and technology 4 (1995), S. 67-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Keywords: photostability of laser-dye ; inorganic-organic matrix ; optical solid material ; fluorescence decay ; mobility of dye
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The laser dye, 4-dicyanomethylene-2-methyl-6-p-dimethylaminostyryl-4H-pyran (DCM) was incorporated in various inorganic-organic host matrices by the sol-gel technique. The photostability of the DCM-doped materials under CW argon laser irradiation was investigated. The absorption of DCM monomer ar 480 nm decreased with increasing irradiation time and was accompanied by an increase in the absorption at 352 nm by inactive photoproducts. Photostability was estimated by measuring the decay rates of DCM fluorescences in different host matrices. The rates exhibited two components; a rapid decay within the first several tens of seconds followed by a slower luminescence decay. The rapid decay depended upon the DCM content in the matrix while the slow decay component was related to the mobility of the DCM in the different matrices. The silica host matrix containing phenyl and a small amount of epoxy groups exhibited the best photostability of the materials examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00486704
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) as an endogeneous substrate for H 2 evolution in Rhodovulum sulfidophilum (1997)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 19 (1997), S. 1209-1212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract In the absence of an external substrate, H 2 was evolved in Rhodovulum sulfidophilum under light-anaerobic conditions, along with degradation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB). Cells grown with succinate as a sole carbon source accumulated only a small amount of PHB compared with that in cells grown with a multiple substrate consisting of a mixture of four organic acids. Unlike PHB-containing cells, PHB-deficient cells did not evolve H in the absence of an external substrate. Nitrogenase activity was expressed while no hydrogenase activity was detected during the incubation of PHB-containing cells. These results suggest that intracellular PHB serves as a substrate for the H evolution catalyzed by nitrogenase when an external substrate is lacking.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018437921006
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Juvenile hormone binding components of locust fat body (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 28 (1995), S. 291-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: juvenile hormone ; methoprene ; pyriproxyfen ; fat body ; locust ; binding protein ; receptor ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Juvenile hormone (JH) binding components from the fat body of the African migratory locust were analyzed in a search for a potential nuclear JH receptor. Biosynthetically prepared 10R[3H]JH III gave a high proportion of specific binding to isolated nuclei and extracted proteins; data obtained with the JH analogs, [3H]methoprene and [3H]pyriproxyfen, on the other hand, were obscured by abundant non-specific binding. The vast majority of the high affinity JH III binding activity present in cytosolic and nuclear extracts was due to a high molecular weight JH binding protein (JHBP) which has previously been identified in locust hemolymph. This protein has several chromatographic forms which interfered in the search for a nuclear JH receptor. When specific antiserum was used to remove JHBP from nuclear extracts, a novel JH binding activity (NBP) was detected. NBP could be separated from JHBP by precipitation with ammonium sulfate. NBP displayed a high affinity for JH III (Kd = 0.25 nM) and JH I and JH II competed strongly for JH III binding, whereas methoprene and pyriproxyfen showed apparent competition when present in 1,000-fold excess. NBP was present in nuclear extracts at approximately 25,000 sites per cell; levels were similar in male and female locusts and were not greatly affected by the presence or absence of JH. The characteristics of NPB make it a strong candidate for a nuclear JH receptor. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940280309
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