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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Travel at low energetic cost by swimming and wave-riding bottlenose dolphins (1992)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 355 (1992), S. 821-823 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] To determine whether there is an energetic saving associated with wave-riding, we trained bottlenose dolphins to follow a moving boat (Fig. 1). Freely swimming dolphins remained at least 1 m below the water surface and were positioned outside the boat's wake. Wave-riding dolphins ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/355821a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Probe KK5.33 (D5S85) improves indirect genotype analysis in familial adenomatous polyposis (1991)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 86 (1991), S. 422-423 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00201852
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A rare MspI RFLP of the DMD probe p20 (DXS269) (1992)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 89 (1992), S. 122-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A rare polymorphism of the probe p20 in the Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene is reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00207060
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    270. Prognostische Kriterien des Mammacarcinoms unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Strahlentherapie —10-Jahres-Ergebnisse (1983)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 361 (1983), S. 775-775 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Breat cancer ; Radiotherapy ; Prognostic factors ; Mammacarcinom ; Strahlentherapie ; Prognostische Faktoren
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In einer prospektiv randomisierten Studie wurde die Bedeutung der Strahlentherapie nach radikaler chirurgischer Therapie des Mammacarcinoms untersucht. Der bedeutendste prognostische Faktor in beiden Therapiegruppen ist das T- und N-Stadium bei der Diagnosestellung. Mediale Tumoren scheinen eine schlechtere Prognose zu besitzen als laterale Tumoren. Während Patientinnen mit lateralen Tumoren nach der Bestrahlung eine Verschlechterung zeigten, kam es bei medialen Tumoren zu einer Verminderung der Lokal-, Regional- und Fernmetastasenrate nach der Bestrahlung.
    Notes: Summary The importance of radiotherapy after radical surgery of the breast was analysed in a prospective randomized trial. The most important prognostic factor is the T- and N-stage during diagnosis. The difference is the same in both therapeutic groups. Another important prognostic factor is tumour localization. Patients with lateral tumour localization had a higher survival rate. Patients with medial and tumour localization had a lower local, regional and distant recurrence rate after radiotherapy, whereas just the opposite was found in patients with lateral tumour localization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01276095
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ranitidin und Cimetidin in der Prophylaxe der Streßulcus-Blutung: Eine prospektive Multicenter-Vergleichsstudie (1984)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 362 (1984), S. 131-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: H2-Blockers ; Cimetidine, ranitidine ; Stress ulcer ; Intensive care patients ; Antacids ; Gastric acid secretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In einer multizentrisch durchgeführten prospektiven Einfachblind-Studie wurde die Wirksamkeit des H2-Blockers Ranitidin mit der von Cimetidin in der Prophylaxe streßbedingter Blutungen aus dem oberen Gastrointestinaltrakt verglichen. An dieser Studie nahmen insgesamt 380 Patienten teil. In randomisierter Anordnung erhielten 192 Patienten 4 × 50 mg Ranitidin i.v. bzw. 2 × 150 mg oral. 180 Patienten wurde 4 × 400 mg Cimetidin i.v. bzw: 1000 mg oral verabreicht. 5 Patienten unter Ranitidin (2,6%) und 12 Patienten unter Cimetidin (6,4 %) entwickelten eine obere gastrointestinale Blutung, die eindeutig oder möglicherweise auf Streßläsionen zurückzuführen war. Dieser Unterschied war nicht statistisch signifikant. Streßläsionen konnten bei 11,8 % in der Ranitidin- und bei 18,3 % in der Cimetidin-Gruppe endoskopisch nachgewiesen werden (nicht signifikant). Unter Ranitidin wurden Übelkeit, Erbrechen und Tachykardie (n = 4) und unter Cimetidin Cholestase und zentralnervöse Symptome (n = 10) registriert. Ranitidin ist somit in der Prophylaxe der Streßulcus-Blutung vergleichbar wirksam wie Cimetidin.
    Notes: Summary In a multicentre single-blind study, ranitidine was compared to cimetidine as prophylactic treatment against stress-induced upper gastrointestinal bleeding in seriously ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). 380 patients entered the study. 192 patients were treated with ranitidine 50 mg q.i.d. as i.v. bolus followed by 150mg orally twice daily. 188 patients received cimetidine 400 mg q.i.d. intravenously and 1,000 mg daily orally in divided doses. Five patients in the ranitidine group (2.6%) and 12 in the cimetidine group (6.4%) developed gastrointestinal bleeding definitely or possibly due to stress lesions. This difference was not significant. The incidence of stress erosions or ulcerations developing during the study was 11.8 % for the ranitidine group and 18.3% for the cimetidine group (non-significant difference). Adverse events in the ranitidine group were nausea, tachycardia or vomiting in 4 patients. 5 cimetidine-treated patients developed cholestasis, and 5 additional central nervous system problems. The high degree of efficacy of both drugs compared very favourably with the high incidence of stress ulceration and hemorrhage in similar untreated populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01254187
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relevance of osteotomy and implant characteristics in inter- and subtrochanteric osteotomies (1993)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 113 (1993), S. 5-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this experimental examination was to determine the load-bearing capacity (LBC) of different inter- and subtrochanteric fractures under alternating physiological and static loads. These fractures are typical injuries of the geriatric patient, and full LBC restoration is needed for mobilisation. From patients over 60 years old at the time of death, 301 femora were obtained and randomly allocated to the following osteotomy (OT) groups: A1, flat and steep OT; A2, OT with 2/3 and complete medial cortical defect; reversed inter-(A3) and subtrochanteric OT; subtrochanteric resection and double plate compound osteosynthesis (DPCO); and the control group (no OT). Following osteosynthesis various devices were tested: condylar plate, 130° angle nail plate, 145° angle nail plate, double T profile angle nail plate, 135° DHS, 150° DHS after valgisating displacement OT, Ender nails, gamma nail and Orthofix external fixator. The femora were tested under alternating physiological load and under static load. The load-bearing capacity (LBC) was 5141 ± 1621 N in flat A1 OT, 4501 ± 1621 N in steep A1 OT and 3767 ± 1500 N in A2 OT with partial defect. In reversed intertrochanteric OT the LBC was 3770 ± 1798 N and in the reversed subtrochanteric OT, 5308 ± 2330 N. In A2 OT with complete medial defect, only the gamma 2nail (5672 ± 726 N) and the DHS after valgisating displacement OT (7261 ± 1794 N) showed a high LBC and no alternating load instability. After subtrochanteric resection and DPCO (7415 ± 1840 N) the LBC was the same as that of the control femora (7271 ± 1941 N). The influence of the type of OT on the LBC and instability under alternating physiological load is also dependent on the implant characteristics. Only gamma nail osteosynthesis shows a high LBC in all types of OT, so it can be recommended as a single device for all inter- and subtrochanteric fractures of the elderly. In pathological subtrochanteric fractures involving metastases resection, the DPCO should be used because of the very high LBC. When the gamma nail is not used, only with a differentiated therapy regimen for the various types of inter- and subtrochanteric OT can a physiological LBC restoration be obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00440587
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic sonography in the diagnosis of ligament and meniscal injuries of the knee (1991)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 110 (1991), S. 132-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A total of 84 patients with ligament or meniscal injuries of the knee was prospectively examined clinically and under anaesthesia, by arthroscopy and sonography. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were compared. For sonography a high resolution scanner (Picker LSC 7000 with a 5-MHz transducer) was used. The sonographical examination was dynamic under normal and stress conditions. The sensitivity of sonography for diagnosis of rupture of the medial collateral ligament (LCM) was 87%, of the anterior cruciate ligament (LCA), 70% and of menisci, 89% and was thereby similar to that for examination under anaesthesia and arthroscopy and significantly superior to clinical examination alone. The specificity of sonography was very high: for rupture of the LCM 96%, the LCA 98% and the menisci 78%. Only for diagnosis of partial ligament rupture, especially partial LCA rupture, was the sensitivity of sonography low. In diagnosing ligament and meniscal injuries of the knee, sonography should be used routinely as a primary diagnostic tool after clinical examination because: 1. It is inexpensive 2. It has no side effects 3. It helps to cut down X-ray exposure 4. Anaesthesia is not required 5. It allows the recognition and avoidance of muscle tightness 6. Repetitions are possible at will 7. Documentation is included 8. Sensitivity and specificity are very good
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00395794
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diagnosis and treatment of retroperitoneal hematoma in multiple trauma patients (1992)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 111 (1992), S. 323-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary From 1984 to 1991 20 multiple trauma patients with pelvic fractures and retroperitoneal bleeding from pelvic vessels underwent angiographic localization and embolization of massively bleeding arterial vessels. Nine patients survived (multiple trauma index grade III, Hanover polytrauma index), three patients with very severe injuries died immediately (multiple trauma index grade IV). After successful control of bleeding by embolization, three other patients died from severe brain injuries and five patients from septic multiorgan failure. The interval to definite localization and treatment of the bleeding source was three times shorter in the group of survivors, and the amount of transfusions needed was less by a factor of three. This underlines the importance of early angiography in multiple trauma patients with pelvic fractures and persisting hemorrhage. Embolization has proven to be effective in the treatment of such injuries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00420059
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Platelet monoamine oxidase in healthy subjects: The “biochemical high-risk paradigm” revisited (1981)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 230 (1981), S. 209-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Platelet MAO ; Psychiatric vulnerability ; Behaviour genetics ; Thrombocyten-MAO-Aktivität ; Psychiatrische Vulnerabilität ; Verhaltensgenetik
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es bestehen Hinweise auf einen Zusammenhang zwischen Thrombocyten-Monoaminoxidase (MAO) und verschiedenen psychopathologischen Symptomen. In dieser Studie wurden die von Buchsbaum et al. (1976) erstmals publizierten Befunde an einer deutschen Population nachuntersucht. Bei 383 gesunden Studenten (190 Frauen und 193 Männer) war die MAO-Aktivität in den Thrombocyten bestimmt worden. 35 derjenigen Probanden mit der niedrigsten und 37 derjenigen mit der höchsten Enzymaktivität wurden dann mit drei Persönlichkeitsfragebögen (16 PF von Cattell, Freiburger Persönlichkeitsinventar, Eysenck-Persönlichkeitsfragebogen) untersucht. Überdies wurden biographische Daten im Hinblick auf psychosoziale Auffälligkeiten erfaßt. Insgesamt fanden sich keine konsistenten signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen Probanden mit hoher und niedriger MAO-Aktivität. Wir können daher eine Korrelation zwischen psychopathologischen Symptomen und der Höhe der MAO-Aktivität in dieser Untersuchung nicht bestätigen.
    Notes: Summary Activity of platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) has repeatedly been reported to be associated with various forms of psychopathology. This investigation was designed to reexamine the “biochemical high-risk paradigm” developed by Buchsbaum et al. (1976). In 383 healthy students (193 males, 190 females) platelet MAO activity was measured. The 35 students with the lowest and 37 with the highest enzyme activities were then examined with three personality tests (16 PF of Cattell, Freiburger Persönlichkeitsinventar, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire). Furthermore, biographic data with respect to psychosocial problems were explored. There were no consistent differences between subjects with low or high platelet MAO. Therefore, we could not confirm any correlation between psychopathology and platelet MAO in this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00344446
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature regulation of the testes of the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus): evidence from colonic temperatures (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 164 (1994), S. 130-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Keywords: Thermoregulation ; Countercurrent heat exchange ; Testis ; Clinical assessment ; Dolphin, Tursiops
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Dolphins possess a countercurrent heat exchanger that functions to cool their intra-abdominal testes. spermatic arteries in the posterior abdomen are juxtaposed to veins returning cooled blood from the surfaces of the dorsal fin and flukes. A rectal probe housing a linear array of five copper-constantan thermocouples was designed to measure colonic temperatures simultaneously at positions anterior to, within, and posterior to the region of the colon flanked by the countercurrent heat exchanger. Colonic temperatures adjacent to the countercurrent heat exchanger were maximally 1.3°C cooler than temperatures measured outside this region. Temporary heating and cooling of the dorsal fin and flukes affected temperatures at the countercurrent heat exchanger, but had little or no effect on temperatures posterior to its position. These measurements support the hypothesis that cooled blood is introduced into the deep abdominal cavity and functions specifically to regulate the temperature of arterial blood flow to the dolphin testes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00301654
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