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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sub-Doppler laser spectroscopy of the 1B2(1Δu) state of CS2 in a cold molecular beam (1994)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 101 (1994), S. 2752-2761 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Sub-Doppler excitation spectra of CS2 in the spectral range 30200−32300 cm−1 have been extensively measured with a frequency-doubled single mode cw dye laser in a cold collimated argon beam, seeded with CS2. From the rotational analysis of the measured spectra, the geometry and the position of the barrier to linearity of the CS2 molecule in the excited 1B2(1Δu) state has been determined. The observed bands are heavily perturbed and cluster around some intense vibrational transitions. A statistical analysis of the distribution of these bands showed that no chaotic behavior is present in the considered energy region and therefore a non-linear interaction with highly excited vibrational levels of the ground state cannot be responsible for this irregular vibronic structure, although chaotic regions for vibrational energies E(approximately-greater-than)12000 cm−1 in the electronic ground state have been reported in the literature. Different coupling mechanisms causing the observed perturbations of the rotational and vibrational structure are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.467658
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Restenosis After Coronary Balloon Angioplasty (1991)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Medicine 42 (1991), S. 127-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4219
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.me.42.020191.001015
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new method of veno-venous bypass during human orthotopic liver transplantation (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 49 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Veno-venous bypass is commonly used during orthotopic liver transplantation, but there is some controversy as to whether it contributes to a better outcome. Low shunt flows frequently reduce the efficacy of portofemoro-axillary systems and so a percutaneous cannulation technique for the subclavian and femoral vein with large bore catheters was developed in order to facilitate bypass management. This study reports the performance and complications of a portofemoro-subclavian bypass system during the anhepatic phase of human orthotopic liver transplantation in 85 patients. A percutaneous cannulation technique and two 7 mm (subclavian and femoral) catheters, inserted pre-operatively, were used in a pump driven portofemoro-subclavian bypass system. Coagulation profiles, shunt flows, haemodynamic parameters, and peri-operative complications associated with bypass were recorded for each patient. Percutaneous cannulation of the left femoral and subclavian vein was successful in 78 patients (91.8%). Mean femoro-subclavian shunt flow was 1.45 1.min-1 (SD 0.37), and mean portofemoro-subclavian flow was 4.28 1.min-1 (SD 1.03). Although oxygen delivery was not maintained at pre-shunt levels (559.7 (SD 147) vs 506 (SD 107) ml.min-1.m-2, p 〈 0.05) renal perfusion pressure stayed above 50 mmHg (during shunt it was 56 (SD 9) mmHg). One intra-operative air embolism was observed (1.2%), and in one patient a myocardial infarction occurred during the anhepatic phase; neither complication was considered to be related to the percutaneous cannulation technique. There were no bleeding complications. After operation, all chest X rays were normal and clinical examination revealed no adverse effects of portofemoro-subclavian bypass. Percutaneous cannulation for portofemoro-subclavian bypass using 7 mm catheters for the femoral and subclavian vein is a rapid, simple, effective, and safe method for management of adverse haemodynamic effects during the anhepatic phase of orthtopic liver transplantation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1994.tb03471.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of a central regulator of stationary-phase gene expression in Escherichia coli (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 5 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: During carbon-starvation-induced entry into stationary phase, Escherichia coli cells exhibit a variety of physiological and morphological changes that ensure survival during periods of prolonged starvation. Induction of 30–50 proteins of mostly unknown function has been shown under these conditions. In an attempt to identify C-starvation-regulated genes we isolated and characterized chromosomal C-starvation- induced csi::lacZ fusions using the λplac Mu system. One operon fusion (csi 2::lacZ) has been studied in detail. csi 2::lacZ was induced during transition from exponential to stationary phase and was negatively regulated by cAMP. It was mapped at 59 min on the E. coli chromosome and conferred a pleiotropic phenotype. As demonstrated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, cells carrying csi 2::lacZ did not synthesize at least 16 proteins present In an isogenic csi 2+ strain. Cells containing csi 2::lacZ or csi 2::Tn10 did not produce glycogen, did not develop thermo-tolerance and H2O2 resistance, and did not induce a stationary-phase-specific acidic phosphatase (AppA) as well as another csi fusion (csi5::lacZ). Moreover, they died off much more rapidly than wild-type cells during prolonged starvation. We conclude that csi 2::lacZ defines a regulatory gene of central importance for stationary phase E. coli cells. These results and the cloning of the wild-type gene corresponding to csi 2 demonstrated that the csi 2 locus is allelic with the previously identified regulatory genes katF and appR. The katF sequence indicated that its gene product is a novel sigma factor supposed to regulate expression of catalase HPII and exonuclease III (Mulvey and Loewen, 1989). We suggest that this novel sigma subunit of RNA polymerase defined by csi 2/katF/appR is a central early regulator of a large starvation/stationary phase regulon in E. coli and propose ‘rpoS’ (‘σs’) as appropriate designations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb01825.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) solution versus University of Wisconsin (UW) solution for organ preservation in human liver transplantation (1994)
    Springer
    Transplant international 7 (1994), S. 177-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: HTK solution ; UW solution, liver preservation ; Liver transplantation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Over a 30-month period, 60 patients (30 in each group) suffering from end-stage liver disease or primary hepatic malignancy and scheduled for liver transplantation were enrolled in a prospective, randomized study to compare two methods of liver preservation: histidinetryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) solution versus University of Wisconsin (UW) solution. Entry criteria for both groups were: age (18–65 years), elective surgery (transplantable or urgent category of the recipients), first transplantations and harvesting procedure performed by the same team. The parameters under investigation were the clinical and laboratory data preand post-transplantation, as well as follow-up data such as complications and survival. There were no significant differences in the two groups as far as the evaluation criteria were concerned, even when cold ischemia time was more than 15h (n=7). A slight, yet not significant, increase in late complications of the biliary anastomoses could be seen in the UW group. Hepatocellular injury (SGOT, SGPT, GLDH, lactate) appeared to be more marked in the HTK group. These results suggest that both HTK and UW solutions are appropriate for clinical use in liver transplantation, even if cold ischemia time is more than 15h.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00327084
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microporous SiO2 and SiO2/MOx (M=Ti, Zr, Al) for ceramic membrane applications: A microstructural study of the sol-stage and the consolidated state (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of sol gel science and technology 2 (1994), S. 489-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Keywords: SiO2 ; microporous ; ceramic membrane ; gas separation ; microstructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Microporous SiO2 and SiO2/MO2 (M=Ti, Zr, Al; 10 mol% MOx) materials for gas separation membrane applications have been prepared from polymeric sols. Characterization of these sols with SAXS showed that the mean fractal dimension of the SiO2 sols is 1.3–1.4 with a radius of gyration of approximately 2.5 nm. The dried and calcined films are microporous and the pore size distribution was bimodal with maxima at diameters of 0.5 nm and 0.75 nm. For the SiO2/TiO2, SiO2/ZrO2 and SiO2/Al2O3 systems, much milder reaction conditions proved to be necessary to obtain sols with comparable fractal dimensions due to the high reactivity of the Ti/Zr/Al-alkoxides. Microporous supported membranes with molecular sieve-like gas transport properties can be prepared from a relatively wide range of sol structures: from polymers too small to characterize with SAXS to structures with fractal dimensions: 1〈d f〈2.04.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00486296
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute liver necrosis in the HELLP syndrome: successful outcome after orthotopic liver transplantation. A case report (1993)
    Springer
    Transplant international 6 (1993), S. 179-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Liver transplantation, HELLP syndrome ; HELLP syndrome, liver transplantation ; Preeclampsia, liver rupture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We discuss the case of a 30-year-old primipara woman who developed a liver rupture as a complication of the HELLP syndrome. A liver necrosis and bleeding made a hepatectomy necessary. A portocaval shunt was able to maintain the patient until she underwent urgent liver transplantation. In an excellent state of recovery, the woman and her baby were discharged from the hospital 66 days after having been admitted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336366
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression and translation of the egg-laying neuropeptide hormone genes during post-embryonic development of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 275 (1994), S. 369-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Post-embryonic development ; Gene expression ; Caudodorsal cell hormones (CDCH) ; In situ hybridization ; Immunocytochemistry ; Immunogold labelling ; Lymnaea stagnalis (Mollusca)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The neuroendocrine caudodorsal cells of Lymnaea stagnalis express two homologous genes, each encoding a polypeptide precursor. The precursors give rise to “cocktails” of neuropeptides that regulate egg-laying. The expression and translation of both egg-laying hormone genes during post-embryonic development were investigated by in situ hybridization and by electron-microscopic immunocytochemistry. Gene-II-specific transcripts and translation products were not found in caudodorsal cells in animals with shell heights smaller than 10 mm, in contrast to gene-I products that were present even at 3-mm shell height. The onset of expression of gene II coincides with the onset of release of products from the caudodorsal cells into the blood. Large electron-dense granules were found in caudodorsal cells of snails of all developmental stages investigated. These granules form part of the Golgi sorting and packaging pathway. Their presence suggests that differential sorting and packaging is possible during post-embryonic development, like in adults. The relationship of the differential expression of the two genes to the development of the caudodorsal cell system and its targets is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00319436
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Der Wert der Duplexsonographie nach der orthotopen Lebertransplantation Erfahrungen an 44 Patienten (1994)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 379 (1994), S. 26-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Duplex Doppler ultrasound ; Liver transplantation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In einer prospektiven Untersuchung wurde an 44 Patienten (33 Männer, 11 Frauen) riach einer elektiven orthotopen Lebertransplantation die Duplexsonographie 196ma1 angewendet. Ziel der Untersuchung war es festzustellen, inwieweit and in welchem zeitlichen Zusammenhang sich die Parameter pulsatiler FluBindex (PFI) und Dämpfungsindex (DI) bei Komplikationen wie Abstoβung und Cholangitis verändern. Der Duplex-Doppler-Ultraschall wurde im Mittel 5mal pro Patient durchgeführt. Die letzte Sonographie erfolgte am Entlassungstag. Bei den Messungen fiber der Leberarterie, der Pfortader und den Lebervenen wurden jeweils der PFI und der DI bestimmt. Die Ergebnisse der Indexuntersuchungen wurden mit dem klinischen Verlauf (Abstoβung, Cholangitis) sowie mit den Resultaten von 88 Biopsiepräparaten der Lebertransplantate in Beziehung gesetzt. Bezüglich einer histologisch gesicherten AbstoBung ergab der PFI (über der Leberarterie gemessen) eine Sensitivität von 69,4 % and eine Spezifitdt von 72,2 %, der DI (über den Lebervenen gemessen) eine Sensitivität von 89,4% und eine Spezifitdt von 89,1 %. Wenn auch die einfach und beliebig oft anwendbare Untersuchungstechnik die bioptische Sicherung einer Rejektion nicht ersetzen kann, so ist sie in hohem Maβe in der Lage, Indikationen zur Biopsie frühzeitig stellen zu lassen und ein Ansprechen auf eine Therapie kurzfristig und mit holier Genauigkeit anzuzeigen.
    Notes: Abstract In a prospective study, 44 patients (11 women, 33 men) who had received orthotopic liver transplants underwent a total of 196 consecutive duplex Doppler ultrasound examinations. The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation between the pulsatile flow index (PFI) and the damping index (DI) as far as complications as rejection or cholangitis were concerned. The patients were examined five times each on average. The PFI and DI were measured in the hepatic artery, the portal vein and the hepatic veins. The findings were compared with the clinical course (cholangitis, rejection) and the histomorphological diagnosis as determined in biopsy specimens. In biopsy-proven rejection episodes, the sensitivity of the PFI in the hepatic artery was 69.4%, the specificity 72.2%. The sensitivity of the DI in the hepatic vein was 89.4%, the specificity 89.1 %. Combining the two, specificity was more than 90%. PFI and DI in the portal vein bore no apparent relation to clinical course or histomorphological diagnosis. We found duplex Doppler ultrasound extremely beneficial in determining the timing and indication for liver biopsy. In addition, this simple examination, which can be performed as often as desired, accurately shows the transplanted liver's response to measures taken to counter rejection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00206558
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Impedanzmessung zur Beurteilung von Ischämieschäden der humanen Leber in der Vorbereitung zur Transplantation (1993)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 378 (1993), S. 233-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Electrical impedance ; Liver ischemia ; Liver transplantation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 22 Lebern, die zur Transplantation beim Menschen perfundiert und entnommen wurden, wurde das Verfahren der nichtinvasiven Messung der bioelektrischen Impedanz prospektiv angewendet. Im Verlauf der Messung sollten Rückschlüsse auf einen möglichen Ischamieschaden der Organe gezogen wurden. Die Meßwerte wurden zur Funktion der Lebern, den Ischämiezeiten und den Konservierungsverfahren in Beziehung gesetzt. Für die Impedanz ergaben sich in vivo bei 192 Hz im Mittel 620 Ohm, für den Phasenwinkel bei 5 kHz −7,4°. Diese Werte entsprachen denen eines Kollektivs von 72 lebergesunden Patienten (mittels Multivarianz aus einem untersuchten Kollektiv von 132 Patienten ermittelt), die intraoperativ durchgeführt wurden. Die 22 Transplantatlebern wurden in den Ischämiephasen mit jeweils mindestens 5 Meßpunkten weiterverfolgt. Das Verfahren wurde als geeignet befunden, schwere hepatozelluläre Schäden im Verlauf der Kaltischämie zu erfassen.
    Notes: Abstract In 22 human donor livers the measurement of the non-invasive bioelectrical impedance was performed prospectively to evaluate the degree of tissue damage sustained during cold ischemia. The results of the measurement were correlated with liver function, the method of organ preservation and the period of ischemia. The impedance was measured in vivo as 620 ohm (at 192 Hz), the phase angle as −7.4° (at 5 kHz). The results were compared with the data obtained from 72 patients who underwent elective laparotomies. The 22 donor livers were studied further during ischemia. The method was found to be a reliable way of detecting severe damage to the hepatocytes during the cold ischemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00184365
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