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  • 1985-1989  (114)
  • 1970-1974  (77)
  • 1935-1939  (78)
  • 1930-1934  (63)
  • 1830-1839  (10)
  • Chemistry  (339)
  • General Chemistry  (62)
  • Chemoreception
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trigeminal and facial innervation of cirri in three teleost species (1985)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 241 (1985), S. 615-622 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Cirri ; Trigeminal nerve ; Facial nerve ; Chemoreception ; Teleosts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Innervation of the cirri in three teleost species (Hypsoblennius gilberti, Hypsoblennius gentilis, Oxylebius pictus) was investigated with the use of HRP- and cobalttracing techniques. All projections were found to be ipsilateral. Labeled cells were demonstrated in both portions of the trigeminal ganglion and in the facial ganglion. Cirrus nerve fibers running in the trigeminal nerve project to terminal fields in an isthmic sensory trigeminal nucleus, to areas adjacent to the descending trigeminal root in the brainstem, and to the medial funicular nucleus in the medulla. Distribution of labeled cells in the trigeminal ganglion complex suggests a functional distinction of the two ganglion portions. Cirrus nerve fibers belonging to the facial nerve terminate in a circumscribed part of of the facial lobe, indicating a somatotopic projection. Pathways were principally the same in all three species investigated. Findings of facial innervation of teleost cirri suggest a suspected gustatory function of teleost head appendages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00214583
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Central projections of the nervus terminalis in the bichir, Polypterus palmas (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 244 (1986), S. 181-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Chemoreception ; Nervus terminalis ; Telencephalon ; Tracer (HRP) studies ; Polypterus palmas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Central pathways of the nervus terminalis (n.t.) in the bichir, Polypterus palmas, were studied with the use of tracing techniques. After application of horseradish peroxidase to the unilateral olfactory mucosa labeled n.t. fibers were traced in seven distinct bundles through the subpallium. Projection areas are found in the precommissural ventral nucleus of the area ventralis telencephali ipsilaterally, the anterior commissure and commissural parts of the periventricular preoptic nucleus bilaterally; few n.t.-fibers cross via the anterior commissure to the contralateral side; no fibers were observed to turn rostrally to the contralateral olfactory bulb. Major targets of the n.t. include a restricted ventral part of the periventricular preoptic nucleus at the level of the optic chiasma bilaterally, and the periventricular nuclei located between the thalamic nuclei and the hypothalamus bilaterally. N.t. fibers continue their course through the ipsilateral hypothalamus and are traced as far as the mesencephalic tegmentum ipsilaterally. N.t. terminations are found consistently within the boundaries of periventricular cell nuclei, suggesting axosomatic synaptic contacts. We propose a differentiation of the n.t. ganglion cells into a distal (mucosal) and proximal (bulbar) type regarding the peripheral cell processes. Our findings are compared with those of other reports on the n.t. system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218396
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The nervus terminalis also exists in cyclostomes and birds (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 250 (1987), S. 431-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Nervus terminalis ; Chemoreception ; Olfactory mucosa ; Tracer (HRP, cobalt) studies ; Lampetra planeri ; Domestic mallard
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The terminal nerve has been described in all vertebrate classes, with the exception of cyclostomes and birds. With regard to this question, we have examined representatives of these two classes using tracer techniques, and found a terminal nerve in larval lampreys and young domestic mallards. Horseradish peroxidase or cobaltous lysine was injected into the olfactory mucosa, which is known to be innervated by peripheral branches of the terminal nerve. The brains were then searched for labeled, centrally directed fibers of the terminal nerve that project further caudally than the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb. In larval lampreys, centrally projecting fibers of the terminal nerve were found in the tel-, diand mesencephalon. Termination of labeled fibers was observed in the hypothalamus. Some fibers of the terminal nerve cross to the contralateral side via the commissure of the posterior tuberculum. In young ducks, the terminal nerve projects ipsilaterally along the medial edge of the telencephalon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00219088
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur statistik des einbaus einer als regler in polyamid 12 verwendeten aliphatischen dicarbonsäureHerrn Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. H. Hellmann zum 75. Geburtstag gewidmet. (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 169 (1989), S. 193-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: As hard blocks in polyether block amides, polyamides are used whose length is intensively regulated by dicarboxylic acids. Since, with regard to melting and crystallization behaviour, this acid constitutes an interfering structural unit in the chain, and in the case of a completely converted product each chain contains one acid molecule, it is essential to know where in the chain incorporation will occur. As opposed to monofunctional chain regulators which always form a chain end, a bifunctional chain regulator can a priori also be randomly incorporated into the inner part of the chain. This leads to a far greater interference than occurs if the chain regulator molecule and the chain end, which acts as an interfering unit in any case, coincide with each other.By means of adipic acid-regulated oligoamides based on lauryl lactam, the incorporation of the chain regulator was examined by NMR spectroscopy and compared with model calculations. This resulted in a close match only if it was presupposed that the incorporation was carried out randomly with the same degree of probability at any point whatsoever between two lauryl lactam structural units or at the chain end.Further calculations illustrate the effects of the incorporation of the chain regulator on the size of the amorphous portion.
    Notes: Als Hartblöcke in Polyetherblockamiden werden durch Dicarbonsäuren stark geregelte Polyamide eingesetzt. Da die Säure in Hinblick auf das Schmelz- und Kristallisationsverhalten einen Störbaustein in der Kette darstellt und bei einem ausgeregelten Produkt jede Kette ein Säuremolekül enthält, ist es von Bedeutung zu wissen, wo in der Kette der Einbau erfolgt. Anders als bei monofunktionellen Reglern, wo der Regler stets ein Kettenende bildet, kann ein bifunktioneller Regler a priori auch statistisch im Inneren der Kette eingebaut werden. Dies führt zu einer viel stärkeren Störung, als wenn das Reglermolekül und das sowieso als Störstelle wirkende Kettenende zusammenfallen. Anhand adipinsäuregeregelter Oligoamide auf Basis von Laurinlactam wird kernresonanzspektroskopisch der Einbau des Reglers untersucht und mit Rechnungen verglichen. Es ergibt sich nur dann gute Übereinstimmung, wenn vorausgesetzt wird, daß der Einbau statistisch erfolgt und dabei mit gleicher Wahrscheinlichkeit für jede beliebige Stelle zwischen zwei Laurinlactambausteinen oder am Kettenende abläuft. Weitere Rechnungen verdeutlichen den Einfluß des Reglereinbaus auf die Größe des amorphen Anteils.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1989.051690118
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Model connective tissue systems. A physical study of gelatin gels containing proteoglycans (1971)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 10 (1971), S. 1351-1364 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The swelling behavior of gelatin gels containing proteoglycans (sulphated proteoglycans from bovine intervertebral discs and a hyaluronate proteoglycan from bovine synovial fluid) when immersed in osmotically active solutions of dextran have been measured. The presence of the proteoglycans markedly affects the internal osmotic contribution to the swelling pressure of the gel. These internal osmotic pressures are considerably in excess of the sum of the osmotic activities of the individual components. This behavior is understood in terms of an entropic interaction between the gelatin and the proteoglycan molecules. By use of the “dilute solution” treatment of Flory, the osmotic pressure excesses are related to the volumes and hence dimensions of the interact acting species. A comparison of these values with those calculated by other means shows good agreement. The osmotic behavior of the complex gels can be understood on a mechanistic basis, if we regard the gelatin and sulphated proteoglycans as spheres and the hyaluronate proteoglycan as a rod.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360100808
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glykoside von Aminozuckern, II. Zur Synthese von 2-Amino-2-desoxy-α-D-glucopyranosiden (1970)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 103 (1970), S. 1792-1796 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Glycosides of Amino Sugars, II. Synthesis of 2-amino-2-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranosidesThe synthesis of glycosides and disaccharides of 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose has been explored using trifluoroacetyl as the N-blocking group. Because of its high tendency for neighboring group participation only β-D-glycosides were formed. The corresponding α-disaccharide could be obtained as the main product when employing 2.4-dinitrophenyl as the N-protecting group.
    Notes: Die N-Trifluoracetyl-Schutzgruppe wurde zur Synthese von Glykosiden und Disacchariden der 2-Amino-2-desoxy-D-glucose benutzt. Sie zeigte eine hohe Tendenz zur Nachbargruppen-beteiligung unter Bildung von -β-D-Glykosiden. Das entsprechende α-Disaccharid wurde als Hauptprodukt bei Verwendung der N-2.4-Dinitrophenyl-Schutzgruppe erhalten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19701030614
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Di- und Polyaminozucker, XV.XIV. Mitteil.: W. Meyer zu Reckendorf, Tetrahedron Letters [London] 1970, 287 Synthese der 2.4-Diamino-l.6-anhydro-2.4-didesoxy-D-talose (1970)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 103 (1970), S. 2424-2427 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Di- and Polyamino Sugars, XV. XIV. Mitteil.: W. Meyer zu Reckendorf, Tetrahedron Letters [London] 1970, 287. Synthese der 2.4-Diamino-1.6-anhydro-2.4-dideoxy-D-talose. Synthesis of 2,4-Diamino-1,6-anhydro-2,4-dideoxy-D-taloseDehydrogenation of the amino reductone 1 with iodine yields a triulose which is isolated as the phenylhydrazone-phenylazo derivative 2. Spontaneous cyclization of 2 forms the 1.6-anhydro compound 3. On hydrogenation 2as well as 3are transformed into the title compound.
    Notes: Die durch Dehydrierung des Aminoreduktons 1 mit Jod entstehende Triulose wird als Bis-phenylhydrazon 2 isoliert, das die Konstitution eines Phenylhydrazon-benzolazo-Derivates besitzt. 2 cyclisiert leicht zur 1.6-Anhydro-Verbindung 3, die, wie auch 2, bei der katalytischen Hydrierung die Titelverbindung liefert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19701030814
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Kondensation von cyclischen arylkonjugierten α-Brom-ketonen mit Formaldehyd (1970)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 103 (1970), S. 2084-2090 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Condensations of Cyclic Aryl-conjugated α-Bromoketones with FormaldehydeReactions of carbocyclic and heterocyclic α-bromoketones with formaldehyde yield α-epoxy-α-methylketones or α, β-unsaturated α-(hydroxymethyl)ketones.
    Notes: Die Umsetzung einer Reihe von carbocyclischen und heterocyclischen α-Brom-ketonen mit Formaldehyd ergibt α-Epoxy-α-methyl-ketone oder α. β-ungesättigte α-Hydroxymethyl-ketone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19701030710
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthese von 2.-3[Carboxymethylen]- und 2.-3[2-Hydroxy-äthyliden]-2.3-didesoxy-D-mannose  -  Monosacchariden mit einem Cyclopropanring (1972)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 105 (1972), S. 673-685 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of 2.-3(Carboxymethylene)- and 2.-3(2-Hydroxyethylidene)-2.3-dideoxy-D-mannose  -  Monosaccharides with a Cyclopropane RingThe anhydro derivative 1 yielded the cyclopropane carboxylic ester 2 in a PO-activated olefination reaction. Under mild conditions 2 could be hydrolised to the free carboxylic acid 5. By reduction the cyclopropyl carbinol 13 and the cyclopropane carbaldehyde 21 were formed. The latter could be rearranged to the cyclobutene derivative 25. Attempts to synthesize a cyclopropanol were unsuccessful.
    Notes: Durch PO-aktivierte Olefinierung entstand aus der Anhydro-Verbindung 1 der Cyclopropancarbonsäureester 2, der unter milden Bedingungen zur freien Carbonsäure 5 hydrolysiert werden konnte. Reduktion lieferte das Cyclopropylcarbinol 13 und den Cyclopropan-carbaldehyd 21, der zum Cyclobutenderivat 25 umgelagert wurde. Die Synthese eines Cyclopropanols gelang nicht.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19721050233
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über Verbindungen mit Urotropin-Struktur, XLVII. Ein neuer Weg zu 1.2- und 2.6-disubstituierten Adamantanen (1970)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 103 (1970), S. 863-867 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Compounds with Urotropin Structure, XLVII. A New Syntheses of 1,2 - and 2, 6-Disubstituted Adamantanes
    Notes: Kondensation des Pyrrolidin-Enamins von Cyclohexanon-(4)-carbonsäure-(1)-äthylester (1) mit 2-Brommethyl-acrylsäureester liefert Adamantandion-(2.6)-carbonsäure-(1)-äthylester (2). Durch selective Reduktion der Carbonylgruppe in 6-Stellung entsteht aus 2 Adamantanon (2)carbonsäure-(1)-äthylester (7). 1-Brom-adamantandion-(2.6) (8) ist durch Silbersalzabbau der aus 2 erhaltenen Säure 5 zugänglich. Aus der Bromverbindung ist durch Reduktion Adamantandion-(2.6) (12) und durch Favorski-Reaktion Noradamantanon-(4)-carbonsäure-(1) (10) erhältlich.Condensation of the pyrrolidine enamine of ethyl 4-oxocyclohexane-1-carboxylate (1) with ethyl 2-(bromomethyl) acrylate yielded ethyl 2.6-dioxoadamantane-1-carboxylate (2). Selective reduction of the carbonyl group at the 6-position in 2 leads to ethyl 2-oxoadamantane-1-carboxylate (7). 1-Bromo-2.6-dioxoadamantane (8) is accessible by silver salt degradation of the acid 5 obtained from 2. The bromo compound is reduced to 2.6-dioxoadamantane (12) and undergoes the favorski reaction to yield 4-oxonoradamantane-1-carboxylic acid (10).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19701030328
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