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  • 23.20.Lv  (5)
  • 21.60.Ev  (3)
  • 23.20.−g  (3)
  • 52.75.-d  (2)
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Material
Years
Keywords
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser nitriding of iron: Influence of the laser parameters on the nitriding efficiency (1996)
    Springer
    Applied physics 62 (1996), S. 231-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 61.80.Ba ; 52.75.-d ; 81.60.Bn
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Laser nitriding of Armco iron in nitrogen was studied for KrF-excimer-laser irradiation. The influence of the energy density and number of pulses on the nitrogen take-up and the nitride phases formed was investigated using Resonant Nuclear Reaction Analysis (RNRA) and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Besides the original a-iron, austeniteγ-Fe(N), martensiteα′-Fe(N),ε-Fe2+χN, andα″-Fe16N2 were identified. The fraction of the e-phase was found to increase with the number of pulses and the energy density. A threshold energy density of 1.8(2) J/cm2 for the laser nitriding process was found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01575086
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser nitriding of iron: Nitrogen profiles and phases (1995)
    Springer
    Applied physics 61 (1995), S. 1-5 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 61.80.Ba ; 52.75.-d ; 81.60.Bn ; 76.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Armco iron samples were surface nitrided by irradiating them with pulses of an excimer laser in a nitrogen atmosphere. The resulting nitrogen depth profiles measured by Resonant Nuclear Reaction Analysis (RNRA) and the phase formation determined by Conversion Electron Mössbauer Spectroscopy (CEMS) were investigated as functions of energy density and the number of pulses. The nitrogen content of the samples was found to be independent of the number of pulses in a layer of 50 nm from the surface and to increase in depths exceeding 150 nm. The phase composition did not change with the number of pulses. The nitrogen content can be related to an enhanced nitrogen solubility based on high temperatures and high pressures due to the laser-induced plasma above the sample. With increasing pulse energy density, the phase composition changes towards phases with higher nitrogen contents. Nitrogen diffusion seems to be the limiting factor for the nitriding process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01538202
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High spin states in the transitional nucleus88Mo (1992)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 342 (1992), S. 257-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 21.60.Cs ; 23.20.Lv ; 25.70.Jj ; 27.50.+e
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The reaction58Ni(36Ar,α qρ)88Mo has been studied at 145 MeV beam energy. A detector array consisting of the OSIRIS spectrometer, four charged-particleΔE detectors and seven NE213 neutron detectors has been used to meaure the gamma radiation inγγ- and particle-γγ-coincidence mode. The level scheme of88Mo has been extended up to 11.6 MeV excitation energy and probable spin 23ħ; some 70 transitions and 40 levels have been identified. Spin assignments have been proposed on the basis of measured DCO ratios. Hartree Fock cranking calculations of the Total Routhians and shell model calculations of the high spin states are presented which imply near-sphericity of the yrast line up to the highest spins found. A classification of the high spin states according to their leading seniority is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01291507
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Complete spectroscopy of51,52V via the50,51V(n, γ) reactions (1991)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 338 (1991), S. 371-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 21.10.Ma ; 23.20.Lv ; 25.40.Lw ; 27.40.+ z
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The gamma-ray spectra emitted after thermal neutron capture in highly enriched50V andnatV targets have been studied using in-pile targets at the ILL high flux reactor and pair and germanium detectors. The neutron binding energies in51V and52V were determined to beB n (51V)=11051.11(17) keV andB n (52V)=7311.22(26) keV. The thermal neutron capture cross-section in50V was measured to be 21 −2 +4 b. From 724 lines attributed to51V, 330 transitions, comprising 90% of theγ-ray flux, were placed into the level scheme. Fifty-nine primary dipole transitions from the 11/2+ or 13/2+ capture states in51V were established from which the E1 strength distribution was deduced. The energy scaling of these primary transitions was found to follow the E1-giant dipole resonance dominance. Many new levels were established; a number of states proposed in previous (d,p) and (n,γ) work were confirmed from their primary population and decaying secondary radiations. The density of levels in the high spin (9/2≦I≦15/2) region was parametrized with the Fermi gas model. The spin distributions of51V were analyzed and a spin cut-off parameter σ=2.8 (3) was deduced. — A nearly complete level scheme of52V up to 3.5 MeV excitation and similar results concerning the level density and the primary γ-ray spectrum were obtained in the51V (n, γ)52V study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01295765
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal neutron captureγ-ray spectroscopy of59Ni and61Ni (1993)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 345 (1993), S. 143-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 21.10.Ma ; 23.20.Lv ; 25.40.Lw ; 27.50.+ e
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Theγ-radiation emitted after thermal neutron capture in isotopically enriched58Ni and60Ni was measured at the ILL high flux reactor by means of Ge/NaI detectors operated in Compton suppression and pair spectrometer mode. The neutron binding energies were determined asB n (59Ni)=8999.15(23) keV and Bn(61Ni)=7820.07(20) keV; some 95% of the totalγ-ray fluxes through59,61Ni were assigned. Theγ-ray strength functions of the primary transitions and the level densities are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01293337
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rotational and single-particle structures in83Zr (1991)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 338 (1991), S. 139-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 21.10 R ; 23.20.Ck ; 23.20.−g ; 27.50.+e
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The band structure of83Zr has been investigated using the Daresbury recoil separator and TESSA array with 20 Compton suppressed Ge detectors and the reaction28Si (58Ni, 2pn) at 195 MeV. DCO ratios have been used to make many new spin assignments. The three known rotational bands have been extended up to the onset of the five quasiparticle bands. On the basis of the 21/2+, 23/2+ and 25/2+ yrast and yrare states, a (3qp) structure similar to those found in the isotones79Kr and81Sr has been identified. Additional bands have been observed for the first time, one of which appears to be non-collective. Strong mixing between the various negative parity bands is evident. A multiplet of states feeding the three quasiparticle region of the negative parity yrast band has been found. The data is interpreted in the framework of the cranked shell model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01284787
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Double neutron capture in62Ni (1992)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 343 (1992), S. 7-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 21.10.Ma ; 23.20.Lv ; 25.40.Lw ; 27.50. + e
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The γ-radiation following single and double neutron capture in isotopically enriched62Ni was studied at the high flux reactor of the Institut Laue-Langevin, using a pair and Compton suppressed germanium detector. Measurements before and after 170 d of breeding were performed. The γ-ray fluxes through63Ni and64Ni are discussed; several new levels and spin-parity assignments were found. On the basis of the known discrete levels and the low-energy neutron resonances, level density parameters were determined within the Constant Temperature Fermi Gas model. The neutron binding energies were measured asB n (63Ni)=6837.92(18) keV andB n (64Ni)=9657.64(24) keV. The63Ni (n, γ) cross section for reactor neutrons was measured to be σ=20 −2 +5 b.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01291590
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and structure of high spin particle-hole states in89Mo (1993)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 344 (1993), S. 395-403 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 21.60.Cs ; 23.20.Lv ; 27.50.+e
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Particle-γ andγ-coincidences of the reaction58Ni(36Ar, 4pn)89Mo have been used to gain more information about high spin states in89Mo and to establish the yrast sequence up to 7.6 MeV excitation energy and probable spin 37/2 ħ. Spins and parities were assigned on the basis of DCO-ratios measured with the OSIRIS spectrometer and a large volume Ge detector placed at 162° to the beam. Furthermore, aγ-ray angular distribution experiment was carried out using the reaction58Ni(35Cl, 3pn)89Mo. As in the neighboring isotopes88Mo and90Mo, the positive-parity high-spin states can be grouped into shell model multiplets characterized by increasing seniorities of proton particles and neutron holes in the 1g9/2 shell. The negative-parity states can be explained with one nucleon moving in thep 1/2 orbit. The energies and wave functions of these states have been deduced by means of the shell model code RITSSCHIL. The 2584 keV (21/2+) is an isomeric state the mean life of which has been estimated from delayedγγ-coincidences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01283194
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decay of three-particle high spin states in85Y (1985)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 321 (1985), S. 659-669 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 27.50.+e ; 23.20.−g ; 21.60.−n
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract High spin states in85Y have been excited in the reaction72Ge(16O,p2n) at 48–60 MeV beam energy. From measurements ofnγ andγγ coincidences, excitation functions and angular distributions, the high spin spectrum of85Y has been established up to 5.4 MeV excitation energy and spinI≦29/2. Lifetimes or limits of lifetimes have been determined for 14 levels via the recoil distance and Doppler shift attenuation method. Theg 9/2 decoupled proton band is found to backbend atI π=17/2+ as also seen in the reduction of the 17/2+→13/2+ and 21/2+→17/2+ E2 transition strengths. The lowest (3qp) positive parity band has predominantly aν 2 g 9/2×πg 9/2 structure. The observed negative parity yrast states in the spin range 15/2−≦I≦29/2− are most probably of (g 9/2)2 ×(f 5/2,p 1/2) (3qp) nature as suggested by a comparison of the84Sr and85Y level structures and electromagnetic transition strengths.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01432443
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-quasiparticle bands in72Br (1988)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 329 (1988), S. 51-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 27.50.+e ; 23.20.Ck ; 21.60.Ev
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract High spin states in the doubly odd nucleus72Br were investigated via the reaction58Ni(16O,pn) at 52–65 MeV beam energy. A multi-element detector system consisting of ten Compton supressed Ge detectors (OSIRIS) and two NE213 neutron detectors was used to establish the yrast bands up to 5 MeV excitation energy and probable spins of 15+ resp. 14−. The lifetimes of 12 states and lifetime limits of four states were measured with the recoil distance method, among them four 0.5–3.1 ns isomers. Doppler broadened line shapes obtained in an additionalγγ-coincidence experiment via the reaction40Ca(36Ar, 3pn) at 125 MeV revealed further lifetimes and (very short) side feeding times. Three rotational bands were established with deformation parameters ¦β 2¦≈0.3 and moment of inertia parameters $$\tilde f$$ /ħ 2=36 MeV−1 (K ρ=1−) resp. 23 MeV−1; their quasi-particle configurations are being discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01294815
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