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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Volume depletion ; Renovascular hypertension ; Renin-angiotensin-system ; Blood pressure ; Prostaglandins ; Extrazelluläre Volumenrestriktion ; Renovasculäre Hypertonie ; Renin-Angiotensin-System ; Blutdruck ; Prostaglandine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei normotensiven und renal hypertensiven Ratten, die kochsalzarm oder kochsalznormal ernährt wurden, wurde der Effekt des Cyclooxygenasehemmers Indomethacin (3,4 mg/kg/24 h) auf den systolischen Blutdruck und die Plasma-Renin-Aktivität untersucht. Indometacin reduzierte die Plasma-Renin-Aktivität in kochsalzarm und kochsalznormal ernährten, normotensiven und hypertensiven Tieren. Darüberhinaus erniedrigte Indomethacin den systolischen Blutdruck in salz-arm ernährten Ratten, erhöhte jedoch den Blutdruck in salz-normal ernährten Tieren. Diese Befunde lassen vermuten, daß der Effekt von Indomethacin auf den Blutdruck von Ratten vom Extrazellulärvolumen und der Plasma-Renin-Aktivität abhängt.
    Notes: Summary The effect of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin (3.4 mg/kg/24 hr) on systolic blood pressure (PB) and plasma-renin-activity (PRA) was evaluated in normotensive and renovascular hypertensive rats receiving either a normal or low salt diet. Indomethacin reduced PRA in normal and hypertensive animals on both low and normal salt intake. Indomethacin furthermore, decreased BP in animals on low sodium diet but increased PB in sodium repleted rats. These data suggest that the effect of indomethacin on rat BP may depend on the state of extracellular volume and PRA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Energy metabolism ; Euro-Collins-solution ; HTK-solution ; Kidney preservation ; Intrarenal pH ; Renal ischemia ; Structural preservation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 110 canine kidneys, we examined the time course of energy rich phosphates, lactate, intrarenal ph and renal morphology with Euro-Collins-or with HTK-protection of Bretschneider and compared these findings with unprotected kidneys during complete ischemia at 1 °C and at 25 °C. Both kidney protective solutions prolonged energyrich phosphate-decline by a factor of 3–4 compared with that of unprotected kidneys. The lactate increase was greater in Euro-Collins-protected kidneys than in HTK-protected and in unprotected kidneys, leading to pH values of 6.5 in Euro-Collins and to 6.4 in unprotected kidneys after 24 hours, in contrast to a pH-value of 7.3 with HTK-protection. This may be the reason for structural deterioration seen in unprotected and in Euro-Collins-protected kidneys after 12, and 48 h of ischemia at 1 °C, whereas in HTK-protected kidneys a sufficient preservation of structure can be seen. In one human kidney, protected with Euro-Collins-solution, we were able to show that at 1 °C intrarenal pH and lactate accumulation is similiar to the levels in canine kidneys. In Euro-Collins preserved kidneys lactate accumulation at 25 °C is even greater than at 1 °C, leading to inhibition of energy metabolism and to structural deterioration, whereas HTK-solution, because of its high buffer concentration, is able to maintain ischemic metabolism leading to sufficient protection of intrarenal pH and of adenine nucleotides as well as structural protection at 1 °C and at 25 °C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Euro-Collins-solution ; Glucose ; HTK-solution ; Intrarenal pH ; Lactate ; Renal ischemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Energy reserves (TAN) and anaerobic substrates (glucose, glycogen) are lower in renal than in myocardial tissue. Euro-Collins-solution contains nearly 200 mmol/l glucose, while the HTK-solution of Bretschneider contains none. Therefore the influence of glucose on kidney lactate production, on energy reserves (TAN), intrarenal pH and on morphology during the protection of ischemic kidneys was analysed using either Euro-Collins-solution, or modified “Euro-Collins-solution”, containing mannitol instead of glucose, or HTK-solution with and without the addition of 5, 10 and 20 mmol/l glucose. Glucose content changed during kidney perfusion with Euro-Collins-solution from about 60 to 800 μmol/gdw. While intrarenal pH decreased from 7.1 to 5.1 in Euro-Collins-kidneys during 420 min of ischemia at 25°C, pH decreased to 6.7 with the modified, mannitol containing “Euro-Collins-solution”. In HTK-protected kidneys intrarenal pH decreased with increasing glucose addition to the solution. Although Total Adenine Nucleotides are highest at the end of ischemia with Euro-Collins-solution, structural protection after the same ischemic stress was best in HTK-protected kidneys without glucose addition. We conclude that glucose stimulated lactate production, reduced interstitial pH in the kidney even in combination with a highly buffered solution and that it might cause greater membrane permeability leading to a structural detoriation. Mannitol seemed more appropriate than glucose in this respect, although other substances, which provide energy substrate and prevent structural damage, may exist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 146 (1998), S. 1044-1049 
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Mukoviszidose ; Proteinurie ; Glomerulonephritis ; AA-Amyloidose ; Kolchizin ; Key words Cystic fibrosis ; Proteinuria ; Glomerulonephritis ; AA-Amyloidosis ; Colchicine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Background: Prognosis in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) has changed in the last years due to improved therapeutical strategies. Nephrological complications including secondary AA-amyloidosis and IgA-nephropathy are reported in literature linked with increased lifespan of CF-patients. Patients: 5 Patients developed proteinuria without erythrocyturia between the age of 24 and 40 years. Kidney biopsy demonstrated secondary AA-amyloidosis in 3 patients, and IgA-nephropathy and membraneous glomerulonephritis in the others. Proteinuria in patients with glomerulonephritis decreased spontaneously, but the course of amyloidosis patients was unfavourable. One died due to end stage renal failure 4 years after diagnosis of amyloidosis; in the second treatment with colchicine for 32 months prevented nephrotic syndrome and renal insufficiency, but later he died due to pulmonnary infectious complications. The 3rd patient with biopsy-proven amyloidosis developed severe nephrotic syndrome and gastrointestinal symptoms within 6 months and he died due to pulmonary insufficiency and exhaustion. Conclusions: Chronic inflammation and duration of the disease are well known risk factors for the development of reactive systemic amyloidosis. Periodical urinanalysis especially in adult patients is necessary, and early kidney biopsy in CF-patients with unexplained proteinuria is recommendable. Colchicine therapy may have a beneficial effect in patients with biopsy proven amyloidosis.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Hintergrund: Die Prognose von Patienten mit Mukoviszidose hat sich in den letzten Jahren deutlich gebessert. Mit zunehmendem Lebensalter wird gehäuft über nephrologische Komplikationen, v.a. über IgA-Glomerulonephritiden und über die Entwicklung der sekundären Amyloid-A-Amyloidose (AA-Amyloidose) berichtet. Patienten: Wir berichten über 5 Patienten, die im Alter zwischen 24 und 40 Jahren eine Proteinurie ohne Erythrozyturie entwickelten. Bei 3 Patienten wurde bioptisch eine sekundäre Amyloidose, bei den beiden anderen eine IgA-Nephropathie und eine membranöse Glomerulonephritis nachgewiesen. Bei den Patienten mit Glomerulonephritis war die Proteinurie ohne therapeutische Maßnahmen rückläufig; bei Diagnose einer Amyloidose waren die Verläufe ungünstig. Ein Patient starb 4 Jahre nach Amyloidosenachweis an terminaler Niereninsuffizienz, ein weiterer Patient wurde 32 Monate lang mit Kolchizin behandelt. Ein nephrotisches Syndrom und eine Niereninsuffizienz konnten verhindert werden; der Patient verstarb jedoch an einer durch einen pulmonalen Abszeß ausgelösten Sepsis. Der 3. Patient entwickelte ein schweres amyloidbedingtes nephrotisches Syndrom und eine Magen-Darm-Amyloidose innerhalb von 6 Monaten. Er starb an schwerer Kachexie und pulmonaler Insuffizienz. Schlußfolgerungen: Bedeutsame Risikofaktoren für die Entstehung einer sekundären AA-Amyloidose sind anhaltend hohe Entzündungsaktivität und Dauer der Erkrankung. Daher sollte v.a. bei älteren Mukoviszidosepatienten auf die routinemäßige Urindiagnostik geachtet werden. Bei ersten Anzeichen einer Proteinurie ist frühzeitig zur differentialdiagnostischn Abklärung eine Nierenbiopsie durchzuführen, denn die Proteinurie kann sowohl Folge einer Glomerulonephritis als auch Symptom einer Amyloidose sein. Beim Nachweis einer Amyloidose ist eine Kolchizinbehandlung zu diskutieren, denn Patienten mit dem Vollbild einer Amyloidose haben eine schlechte Prognose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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