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  • Rat  (17)
  • Electron microscopy  (4)
  • Circumventricular organs  (3)
  • Microglial cells  (2)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sexual differences in the topographical distribution of serotonergic fibers in the anterior column of rat lumbar spinal cord (1984)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 170 (1984), S. 117-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Sexual dimorphism ; Serotonin fibers ; Lumbar cord ; Cremaster ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sexual dimorphism in the topographical organization of immunoreactive serotonergic fibers has been shown for the first time in the anterior column of the rat lumbar cord. A characteristic preferential arrangement of serotonergic fibers on the small cell column composed of anterior horn motoneurons, which have been proved to send their axons to the cremaster muscle, was demonstrated at the lumbar segments (L1–L2) of male rats, using the immunoperoxidase technique with antiserum against serotonin. A similar finding was also observed in female rats, but was less prominent than in males. Comparative analysis of the cell numbers and the size of neuronal somata of the aforementioned nucleus, done using retrograde transport of fluorescent dye (DAPI) via axonal fibers coursing down the genitofemoral nerve to the cremaster muscle, gave significantly larger values in males. The sexual difference in the serotonergic innervation pattern was, in consequence, surmised to be caused by the cytoarchitectonic contrast ascertained in the lumbar anterior column. Furthermore, there may be a striated muscle endowed with some active functions homologous to those of the male cremaster muscle in the female rat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318995
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristic distribution of noradrenergic terminals on the anterior horn motoneurons innervating the perineal striated muscles in the rat (1985)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 171 (1985), S. 267-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Dopamine-β-hydroxylase ; Anterior column ; Ultrastructure ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH) immunohistochemistry was used to demonstrate the noradrenergic fibers and terminals in the anterior column of the rat lumbosacral spinal segments. PAP-positive varicose fibers were widely distributed in the gray matter with preferential accumulation in the nuclear regions containing motoneurons involved in the contraction of perineal striated muscles. Unmyelinated DBH fibers were composed of nodular enlargements (varicosities, 0.4–3.0 μm in diameter) and very fine, short intervals (intervaricose segments, 0.1–0.2 μm in diameter and 1.0–4.0 μm in length). DBH-positive dense products were electron microscopically often confined within small granular particles and less frequently within large granules. Additionally, in order to characterize the innervation pattern of noradrenergic fibers on dendritic bundles organized in the motoneuronal pools innervating the pelvic small muscles, semi-quantitative analysis was done in the area of the dorsolateral nucleus endowed with especially well-developed dendritic bundles. DBH terminals contacting with unreactive dendrites were more common (67.9%) than those with neuronal somata (15.1%), and the remainder (17%) had no contacts with surrounding neuronal elements. Furthermore, specialized synaptic formations were observed in only 20.1% of these nodules. The results suggest that bulbospinal descending noradrenergic neuron systems influence the functioning of pelvic muscles principally via the neuronal contacts with dendritic bundles in the spinal cord.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00347015
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serotonin distribution in the circumventricular organs of the rat (1983)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 167 (1983), S. 311-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Serotonin ; Circumventricular organs ; Rat ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Serotonin-immunoreactive structures in the circumventricular organs (organum vasculosum laminae terminalis, subfornical organ, subcommissural organ and area postrema) of the rat were demonstrated using a modified peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunohistochemical method. Various densities of serotonin fibers were demonstrated in all four circumventricular organs; however, serotonin-positive cells were evident in the area postrema only after nialamide treatment. Serotonergic supraepedymal fibers were observed on the surface of the organum vasculosum laminae terminalis and that of the subfornical organ, but not on the subcommissural organ and area postrema. The serotonergic plexus of the basal portion of the subcommisural organ was considered to be continuous with the supraependymal plexus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315669
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron microscopy of the arcuate nucleus of normal and 5-hydroxydopamine treated cats (1975)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 160 (1975), S. 139-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Arcuate nucleus, cat ; Dense-cored vesicles ; Dopamine ; 5-Hydroxydopamine treatment ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The arcuate nucleus of normal cats and of cats treated with 5-hydroxydopamine (5-OHDA) was investigated by electron microscopy. The neurons of the arcuate nucleus were classified into three types, clear, intermediate and dark, according to their fine structure. The clear type contained numerous dense-cored vesicles and well developed cell organelles. All three types were frequently seen to be partially surrounded by glial processes. Many axo-somatic and axo-dendritic synapses mostly small in diameter were also observed around the neurons. Synaptic contacts were demonstrated between axon endings and axonal processes which contained elementary granules. After administration of 5-OHDA small and large dense-cored vesicles appeared in the nerve endings surrounding the neurons. The relationship between the dense-cored vesicles in the perikarya and dopamine was briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220574
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The zinc iodide-osmium tetroxide (ZIO) reaction on nerve endings in the median eminence of the rat under normal and experimental conditions (1976)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 173 (1976), S. 279-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Median eminence ; Rat ; Monoamine ; ZIO reaction ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The reaction of nerve endings in the median eminence of the rat to zinc iodide-osmium tetroxide (ZIO) staining was examined electron microscopically under normal and experimental conditions. The experimental condition of catecholamine exhaustion in the nerve endings was induced by the administration of H44/68 and reserpine. Vesicles in the terminals of catecholaminergic nerves reacted similarly to ZIO staining in both normal and experimental material. The majority of synaptic vesicles in various terminals gave a positive ZIO reaction. The neurosecretory elementary granules, however, failed to react with ZIO. On the other hand, some nerve terminals in the external layer of the median eminence showed a strong positive reaction in the cytoplasmic matrix, in mitochondria as well as in synaptic vesicles. These findings strongly suggest that the ZIO-positive substance in nerve terminals is not the transmitter itself, i.e. the monoamine, but rather represents a range of substances commonly found in various kinds of synaptic vesicles and is probably proteinaceous in nature. A brief discussion is also given on the difference in ZIO reactivity between neurosecretory elementary granules and small vesicles in the hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220316
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The sympathetic innervation of the ciliary body and trabecular meshwork of the cat (1976)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 173 (1976), S. 261-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Cat ; Ciliary body ; ‘False’ transmitters ; Fluorescence histochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ciliary body of the cat was investigated by fluorescence histochemistry and electron microscopy in an attempt to clarify its sympathetic innervation. Subconjunctival doses of 5-hydroxydopamine (5-OHDA) or 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) were given to establish the precise location of the sympathetic nerve terminals. The distribution of noradrenergic fibers and terminals was shown by fluorescence histochemistry to be sparse in the trabecular meshwork and the anterior portion of the ciliary muscle, but dense in the subepithelial tissue. The small and large dense core vesicles which occur in many nerve endings of the subepithelial tissue adjacent to the pigmented epithelial layer increased in electron density following the administration of 5-OHDA. Many degenerating nerve endings were found in the same region of animals treated with 6-OHDA. In contrast, there were few noradrenergic terminals in the ciliary muscle except for a portion of the smooth muscle which was shown to be dually innervated. The noradrenergic fibers in the subepithelial region and the trabecular meshwork may play an important role in aqueous secretion and outflow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221379
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The location of LH-RH neurons in the rat hypothalamus and their pathways to the median eminence (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 198 (1979), S. 381-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: LH-RH neurons ; Hypothalamus ; Rat ; Immunohistochemistry ; Radioimmunoassay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The location of the perikarya of LH-RH neurons in the rat hypothalamus and their pathways to the median eminence were studied by immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassay after placing stereotaxic electrolytic lesions in several parts of the hypothalamus. The principal location of the cell somata was found to be in the ventral part of the medial preoptic area; their pathways were classified into a main baso-lateral pathway and an accessory descending pathway branching off from the former. The main pathway was found to cross in the vicinity of the corresponding neuronal perikarya. The central median eminence and the dorsal and ventral walls of the tubero-infundibular sulcus of the caudal part of the median eminence are innervated mainly by the baso-lateral pathway. On the other hand, the rostral and most caudal portions of the median eminence are innervated principally by the descending pathway and have a subsidiary dual innervation. The projection of LH-RH neurons to the OVLT is believed to originate from perikarya adjacent to this circumventricular organ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234184
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CRF-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the circumventricular organs of the monkey, Macaca fuscata (1983)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 232 (1983), S. 679-683 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: CRF-immunoreactive nerve fibers ; Circumventricular organs ; Immunohistochemistry ; Monkey, Macaca fuscata
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The occurrence of CRF (corticotropin-releasing factor)-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the circumventricular organs of adult male monkeys, Macaca fuscata, was studied on serially sectioned brains, by means of the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique in combination with a highly specific and sensitive CRF antiserum. CRF-containing nerve fibers were found in high concentrations in the infundibulum and, in addition, in small numbers in the posterior lobe, organum vasculosum laminae terminalis, subfornical organ, and area postrema; they were missing in the pineal body and the subcommissural organ. The CRF immunoreactive nerve fibers distributed in these organs were located in the proximity of the blood vessels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00216438
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlative ontogenetic development of catecholamine- and LHRH-containing nerve endings in the median eminence of the rat (1981)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 216 (1981), S. 31-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Median eminence ; Rat ; Ontogeny ; LHRH ; Catecholamines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ontogenetic development of catecholamine (CA)-and LHRH-containing nerve endings in the median eminence of the rat was investigated by combining fluorescence histochemistry and immunohistochemistry in the same tissue section. LHRH-terminals appeared earlier than CA-terminals and were already detectable in the lateral part of the external layer of the central ME on the first day after birth. CA-nerve endings were first seen in a corresponding region of the ME on the seventh postnatal day. At this stage both types of terminals showed the earliest manifestation of a correlative pattern of their distribution. Subsequently the development of both types of nerve endings proceeded rapidly, and at 14 days their distribution pattern corresponded to that in adult animals. The authors conclude that at this stage the CA-neurons play a constant and significant role in the release of LHRH into the portal capillaries. The correlation between both types of nerve endings and the ontogenetic development of the capillary plexuses of the hypophysial portal system is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234542
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological studies on neuroglia (1981)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 216 (1981), S. 557-568 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Electron microscopy ; Neuroglia ; Silver impregnation ; Brain ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The silver-impregnation procedure of Tsujiyama is suitable for demonstration of all three classical types of neuroglial cells; in the present study it was used for electron microscopic identification of neuroglial cells in the brain of the cat. The aim of the present study was 1) to determine impregnated structural correlates of neuroglial cells at the light- and electron-microscopic levels, and 2) to determine whether the method of Tsujiyama is applicable for the electron microscopic identification of the single types of neuroglial cells. Silver deposits were observed over the cytoplasm and processes of astrocytes where numerous glial filaments were present. Oligodendrocytes and microglial cells may be precisely differentiated by use of Tsujiyama's silver impregnation method at the electron microscopic level due to the pattern of silver-deposition in these two basic types of cells. This silver-impregnation method combined with electron microscopy is thus suitable for a precise identification of neuroglial cells; the technique may prove to be very helpful in identification of such categories of neuroglial cells that encompass also the images of cells which cannot be classified by use of the standard methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238651
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