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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromium bond detection in isolated erythrocytes: a new principle of biological monitoring of exposure to hexavalent chromium (1985)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 55 (1985), S. 305-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Cr(III) compounds ; Cr(VI) compounds ; Conjugation of Cr(VI) compounds with erythrocytes ; Separation of erythrocytes ; Biological monitoring for Cr(VI)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Internal stress to chromium is only relevant in occupational medicine if it is due to the handling of hexavalent chromium. Cr(VI) ions, after uptake by inhalation or percutaneously are carried in the blood plasma and penetrate—depending on the concentration—into the erythrocytes. Due to the intracellular reduction to Cr(III) and the concurrent intracellular protein binding, the erythrocytes represent an easily accessible target organ for quantitative chromium determination after occupational exposure to Cr(VI) compounds. The results of an earlier experimental study indicate that human plasma too is capable of spontaneous reduction of Cr(VI) ions of up to 2 ppm to Cr(III). This plasma reduction capacity (PRC) can be increased and accelerated considerably by adding ascorbic acid (AA). These findings were supported in this investigation by proving a decreased binding of Cr(VI) inside the erythrocytes under the effect of AA. This leads to the assumption that only those Cr(VI) concentrations can penetrate the membrane of the erythrocytes and enter the cell which either come into contact with the membrane during the reduction process or exceed this limit concentration of 2 ppm. Only in these two instances can corresponding chromium findings be analyzed in isolated and washed erythrocytes. These results are compared with those obtained by conventional methods, such as Cr determination in the blood and/or urine. Our findings indicate that a single determination of chromium concentration in the erythrocytes will permit the monitoring of critical cases of Cr(VI) exposure. This is a new type of biological monitoring in the sense of a condensed longitudinal study, in order to find out whether threshold concentrations have been respected over a given period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00377689
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Der Wasser-, Säure-Basen- und Elektrolythaushalt nach Totalersatz des Herzens durch eine Blutpumpe (1974)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 335 (1974), S. 239-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Total Heart Replacement ; Artificial Heart ; Electrolyte-Metabolism ; Hyperaldosteronism ; Renal Function
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird über das postoperative Verhalten des Wasser-, Säure-Basen- und Elektrolythaushaltes nach Totalersatz des Herzens berichtet. Es ist eine deutliche Tendenz zur Entwicklung einer Hypokaliämie bei hohen renalen Kaliumverlusten, einer Hypernatriämie und Hyperchlorämie bei stark eingeschränkter Urinausscheidung an Natrium und Chlorid sowie einer Wasserretention und metabolischen Alkalose erkennbar. Dieses Verhalten ist als Ausdruck eines sekundären Hyperaldosteronismus anzusehen.
    Notes: Summary It will be reported about the postoperative course of the water-, acid-base and electrolyte-metabolism after total heart replacement. There is a remarkable tendency for a development of hypokalemia with a great renal loss of potassium, a high serum concentration of sodium and Chorid, together with a restriction in the urinary excretion of this electrolytes, a water retention and metabolic alcalosis. This behaviour seems to be an expression of a secundary hyperaldosteronism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01251639
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pathologisch-anatomische Befunde nach Totalersatz des Herzens bei Kälbern (1974)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 335 (1974), S. 251-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Total Heart Replacement ; Pathological-Anatomical Findings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird über die bei acht Kälbern im Rahmen des Totalherzersatzes erhobenen makroskopischen und lichtmikroskopischen Befunde berichtet. Die schwersten pathologischen Veränderungen bei Tieren mit einer Überlebenszeit bis zu 88 Std waren an den Lungen, der Leber und dem Gehirn in Form von Stauungshyperämie und Ödemen nachweisbar. Zwei Kälber überlebten die Operation fünf Tage. Eines verstarb an einer Infektion unter Entwicklung eines septischen Schocks, das andere verblutete aus Labmagengeschwüren. Eine verfeinerte pathologisch-anatomische Diagnostik, unter Einbeziehung histochemischer und elektronenmikroskopischer Untersuchungsmethoden wird zur Lösung pathophysiologischer Probleme beitragen.
    Notes: Summary The gross and microscopic histopathological findings in eight calves with total artificial heart replacement are reported. The most severe pathological events in animals surviving up to 88 h occur in the lungs, the liver and the brain with congestion and edema. Two calves survived operation 5 days. One died from an infection developing a septic shock, the other bled to death from rennet-bag ulcers. An improved evaluation of the pathological findings including histochemical and electron microscopic investigation will help to solve pathophysiological problems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01251640
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Postoperativer Verlauf und Ergebnisse nach Totalersatz des Herzens durch eine Blutpumpe (1974)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 335 (1974), S. 157-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Total Heart Replacement ; Artificial Heart ; Oxygen Debt ; Liver Function ; Postoperative Course
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird über die Technik der postoperativen Versorgung der Versuchstiere nach Totalersatz des Herzens berichtet und auf einige allgemeine Versuchsergebnisse eingegangen. In den Jahren 1972–1973 wurden insgesamt 47 Totalherzimplantationen durchgeführt, die längste Überlebenszeit betrug 126 Std. Anhangsweise wird auf die Leberfunktion und die Sauerstoffschuld der Versuchstiere eingegangen.
    Notes: Summary It will be reported about the postoperative management after implantation of the total artificial heart and some main results. In 1972–1973, 47 total artificial heart replacements were done, the longest survival was 126 h. In the supplement, it is reported about the liver function and the oxygen debt of the experimental animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01251635
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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