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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Chronische Veneninsuffizienz ; Kutane Mikrozirkulation ; Niederfrequenter gepulster Strom ; Ulcus cruris ; Key words Chronic venous insufficiency ; Cutaneous microcirculation ; Low frequency pulsed current ; Venous leg ulcer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is characterised by stage-dependent microangiopathy. With increasing severity there is a decrease in the number of skin capillaries and the oxygen partial pressure. The cutaneous vascular reserve, which is measured by laser-doppler fluxmetry, is reduced. Cutaneous microangiopathy is one of the main causes of the trophic disturbances associated with CVI. Low frequency pulsed current improves cutaneous microcirculation and thus nutrition as well as accelerating the formation of granulation tissue. In a open prospective pilot study, 15 patients suffering from CVI with persistent leg ulcers were treated with low frequency pulsed current (Dermapulse), which is thought to improve particularly the tissue microcirculation. The average age of the patients was 70.3 years and the average duration of ulceration was 79.1 months. The patients were treated over a period of 38 days. With this treatmen, 2 ulcers healed completely and 13 showed a reduction of size of on average 63%. Capillary density increased by 43.5%, while transcutaneous oxygen partial pressure increased by 82.4%. Electrostimulation is a treatment with few or no side effects.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die chronische Veneninsuffizienz (CVI) ist gekennzeichnet durch eine stadienabhängige Mikroangiographie. Mit zunehmendem Schweregrad verringern sich die Anzahl der Hautkapillaren, der Sauerstoffpartialdruck und die kutane vaskuläre Reserve, die durch den Laser-Doppler-Flux gemessen wird, nehmen ab. Diese kutane Mikroangiographie gehört zu den Hauptursachen für die bei der CVI auftretenden trophischen Störungen. Die Therapie mit niederfrequentem gepulstem Strom verbessert die kutane Mikrozirkulation bzw. Nutrition und beschleunigt die Ausbildung von Granulationsgewebe. Die klinische Wertigkeit dieses Therapieprinzipes zur Behandlung chronisch venöser Beinulzera wurde in einer offenen prospektiven Pilotstudie evaluiert. Es wurden 15 Patienten mit niederfrequentem gepulstem Strom (Dermapulse) behandelt. Das mittlere Alter betrug 70,3 Jahre. Bei einer durchschnittlichen Ulkusdauer von 79,1 Monaten wurden die Patienten über eine Zeitdauer von 38 Tagen im Rahmen einer Anwendungsstudie behandelt. Unter dieser Behandlung zeigte sich bei 2 Patienten eine Ulkusabheilung, bei 13 Patienten eine Ulkusverkleinerung um 63%. Die Kapillardichte nahm um 43,5% zu, der transkutane Sauerstoffpartialdruck stieg um 82,4%. Die Elektrostimulationsbehandlung erwies sich dabei als nebenwirkungsarme Behandlungsmethode.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Mice ; ultrasonic calls ; infants ; individual differences ; signatures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Infant house mice, Mus musculus, produce ultrasonic calls that reliably lead to retrieval by adult mice. While individual differences in calls have been demonstrated both among and within species, the influences of age and sex on call characteristics have not been systematically investigated in mice. This study examined the influences of age, sex, and genotype (inbred versus hybrid) on the rate, length, and frequency characteristics of the calls of 486 male and female mice from 2 to 12 days of age. Rate of calling followed a shallow inverted U-shaped function across days. Call lengths decreased and call frequency characteristics increased, in a linear manner, with age. Females emitted fewer calls, with a smaller bandwidth, at some ages than males. Hybrid pups produced more calls of greater length and a lower frequency than inbred pups. These results indicate the presence of cues that could allow adult mice to behave differentially toward pups as a function of their age and sex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Mice ; ultrasounds ; ultrasonic calls ; infants ; diallel cross ; individual differences
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Ultrasonic calls produced by young mice reliably elicit investigation and retrieval by adults. While there are large individual differences in the characteristics of these calls, little work has been done to partition that variation. We completed a 4 × 4 diallel cross and Hayman analyses on several characteristics of these cries. The major result was the detection of directional dominance toward a higher rate of calling, longer calls, and calls of lower overall frequency with a greater bandwidth. Within the context of biometrical genetic theory, we conclude that calls with such characteristics may have important fitness value. Extending this idea, we propose that within the population sampled for this study (the animals of the four inbred strains and 12 F1 hybrid groups), the calls most effectively eliciting investigation and retrieval would be calls with the average hybrid values of the diallel cross.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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