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  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0563
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Nierenzellkarzinom ; Tumorthrombus ; Diagnostik ; Operative Therapie ; Key words Renal cell carcinoma ; Vena caval involvement ; Diagnostics ; Surgical techniques
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Venous involvement in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents an advanced state of disease. Nonetheless, its influence on survival is rather secondary compared with that of local tumor growth, grading and metastasis. Since conservative treatment in advanced RCC is mainly ineffective, surgical management offers the most promising approach for potential cure. Only patients without metastasis, however, seem to benefit from an aggressive surgical intervention. The surgical technique itself is determined by the vena caval extent of the tumor thrombus. Preferably, noninvasive imaging techniques should provide information about metastasis and the extent of the tumor thrombus. Diagnostic efforts should be adapted to therapeutic feasibility and prognosis in every individual patient in order to avoid fatiguing and costly over-examination. The standards requested above can be realized by use of modern sonographic and computed-tomographic imaging techniques or by magnetic resonance imaging alone. Thus, nowadays, the essential diagnostics in RCC with vena caval involvement may dispense with angiographic examinations.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Ein Tumorthrombus in der V. cava beim Nierenzellkarzinom als Ausdruck einer fortgeschrittenen Tumorerkrankung ist nicht mit einer schlechten Prognose gleichbedeutend. Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der operativen Medizin ermöglichen es heute, entsprechende Tumorstadien kurativ operieren zu können, sofern keine Metastasen nachgewiesen sind. Das operative Vorgehen wird durch die kraniale Ausdehnung des Tumorthrombus determiniert. Eine rationelle, an den therapeutischen Möglichkeiten und der Prognose orientierte Diagnostik sollte vorrangig dem Metastasenausschluß sowie der Evaluation der Ausdehnung des Tumorthrombus dienen. Bildgebende Untersuchungen müssen nicht nur eine Selektion derjenigen Patienten ermöglichen, die von einer Operation profitieren können, sondern auch die für die Operationsplanung relevanten Informationen liefern. Moderne sonographische und CT-Untersuchungsverfahren oder die MRT erlauben sowohl eine zuverlässige Beurteilung des Lokalbefunds, der regionären Lymphknoten und Prädilektionsstellen einer möglichen Fernmetastasierung als auch die exakte Bestimmung der Ausdehnung des Tumorthrombus. Beim Nierenzellkarzinom mit Beteiligung der V. cava kann daher heute auf invasive angiographische Untersuchungen weitestgehend verzichtet werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 10 (2000), S. 832-840 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Osteochondroma ; Complications ; Chondrosarcoma ; Bone tumors ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Osteochondromas can be complicated by mechanical irritation, compression or injury of adjacent structures, fracture, malignant transformation, and postoperative recurrence. Magnetic resonance imaging represents the most valuable imaging modality in symptomatic cases, because it can demonstrate typical features of associated soft tissue pathology, which can be differentiated from malignant transformation. Reactive bursae formation presents as an overlying fluid collection with peripheral contrast enhancement. Dislocation, deformation, and signal alterations of adjacent soft tissue structures can be observed in different impingement syndromes caused by osteochondromas. Magnetic resonance imaging provides excellent demonstration of arterial and venous compromise and represents the method of choice in cases with compression of spinal cord, nerve roots, or peripheral nerves, depicting changes in size, position, and signal intensity of the affected neural structures. Malignant transformation as the most worrisome complication occurs in approximately 1 % of solitary and 5–25 % of multiple osteochondromas. Magnetic resonance imaging is the most accurate method in measuring cartilage cap thickness, which represents an important criterion for differentiation of osteochondromas and exostotic (low-grade) chondrosarcomas. Cartilage cap thickness exceeding 2 cm in adults and 3 cm in children should raise the suspicion for malignant transformation. Finally, MR imaging can detect postoperative recurrence by depiction of a recurrent mass presenting typical morphological features of a cartilage-forming lesion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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