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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cerebellar encephalitis in adults (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 240 (1993), S. 17-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Cerebellar encephalitis ; Epstein-Barr virus ; Varicella-zoster ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We examined 11 adult patients with cerebellar encephalitis (CE) during the acute phase of the disease and at least 12 months later. Five patients were aged between 23 and 31 years, 3 patients between 43 and 44 years and 3 patients between 60 and 64 years. Serological tests gave evidence of Epstein-Barr virus infection in 4 of the 5 young patients. Two patients had serological evidence of varicella-zoster virus reactivation, whereas the serological findings were negative in all other cases. All patients in the younger and middle age groups recovered within 3–30 weeks after onset of CE. If at all, they had only minor cerebellar deficits at the follow-up examination. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination performed at the follow-up examination was normal in all of them. In contrast, 2 of 3 patients older than 60 years had persistent cerebellar ataxia following CE. In these patients, MRI revealed infratentorial atrophy. Our data show that the clinical spectrum of CE in adults is wider than assumed so far. In addition to typical cases of CE in young male patients with good recovery, CE may also occur in older patients and give rise to persistent cerebellar ataxia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00838440
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reversible brain shrinkage in abstinent alcoholics, measured by MRI (1988)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 30 (1988), S. 385-389 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Alcohol ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Brain shrinking
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Magnetic resonance imaging of the intracranial CSF volume was compared before and after 5 weeks of confirmed abstinence in 9 alcohol-dependent patients. All patients showed a highly significant reduction in CSF volume in accordance with reexpansion of the brain after alcohol abstinence. T2 values for white matter, estimated by linear regression from 16 echoes of a CPGM sequence, however, showed no significant increase such as occurs in rehydration. This indicates, that alcohol-induced reversible brain atrophy cannot be attributed to fluctuation of free water in the brain only.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00404102
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unusual pattern of leukoencephalopathy after morphine sulphate intoxication (2000)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 42 (2000), S. 845-848 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Morphine sulphate intoxication ; Leukoencephalopathy ; Neurotoxicity ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a 14-year-old girl with an unusual pattern of leukoencephalopathy after intentional intoxication with morphine sulphate tablets. Toxicological analysis showed exceedingly high levels of morphine and its metabolites. MRI disclosed a leukoencephalopathy with high signal from the centrum semiovale, corpus callosum and cerebellar white matter on T2-weighted images. These findings could be only partially explained by a hypoxic-ischaemic event; neurotoxic effects must be considered in this atypical leukoencephalopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340000442
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Central pontine myelinolysis associated with low potassium levels in alcoholism (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 237 (1990), S. 275-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Central pontine myelinolysis ; Serum electrolytes ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Vitamin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two patients with chronic alcohol abuse and central pontine myelinolysis are described. One developed a Korsakoff syndrome 2 days before admission to our hospital and the other showed signs of a incipient delirium without Korsakoff syndrome. Diagnosis of incipient central pontine myelinolysis was based on acute brain-stem dysfunction, serum electrolyte disturbances, malnutrition with vitamin B1 (thiamine), B6 (pyridoxine) and B12 (cyanocobalamine) deficiency in combination with typical neuroradiological findings. Hypokalaemia but no disturbance in serum sodium levels was found in both patients. After correction of hypokalaemia and vitamin deficiency the patients showed complete recovery of neurological and neuropsychological function. The findings are interpreted as suggesting that disturbances in serum potassium levels as well as rapid correction of hyponatraemia may be associated with pontine swelling and dysfunction which, if undetected, leads to central pontine myelinolysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314635
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fixation instability and oculomotor abnormalities in Friedreich's ataxia (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 242 (1995), S. 517-521 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Friedreich's ataxia ; Fixation instability ; Oculomotor abnormalities ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Eye movements were studied in 13 patients with Friedreich's ataxia and correlated with MRI findings to investigate whether oculomotor abnormalities can be traced to cerebellar disturbances in this disease. One of the most prominent eye signs was fixation instability (square-wave jerks, SWJ.). Besides SWJ the patients showed various combinations of cerebellar, vestibular and brain-stem oculomotor signs. Our patients did not comprise a homogeneous group with regard to their oculomotor findings. There was no correlation between the severity of any of the so-called cerebellar oculomotor disturbances and the number of SWJ. We tried to correlate the extent of oculomotor disturbances with floccular atrophy and atrophy of the dorsal vermis on MRI in seven of the patients. None of the oculomotor features (including SWJ) correlated with flocculus or dorsal vermis size. Furthermore, floccular and vermal measurements on MRI were normal. Accordingly, we think it unlikely that the oculomotor disturbances, including SWJ, are attributable to cerebellar pathology per se.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00867423
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Superficial siderosis of the central nervous system (1991)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 241 (1991), S. 57-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Superficial siderosis ; Chronic subarachnoid haemorrhage ; Triethylenetetramine ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The course of a patient suffering from superficial siderosis of the central nervous system for 37 years is presented and diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are evaluated. The syndrome is clinically defined by slowly progressing deafness, cerebellar ataxia, myelopathy and neuropsychological deficits in combination with recurrent xanthochromia of the cerebrospinal fluid with siderophages. The diagnosis may be confirmed by computed tomography, which shows degeneration of the cerebellar vermis, and by magnetic resonance imaging, demonstrating iron deposits on the surface of brain, brain stem and spinal cord. Therapy should seek to identify and remove the source of bleeding, since pharmacotherapy with iron-depleting drugs is of limited effectiveness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02193756
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neurosarcoidosis without systemic sarcoidosis (1991)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 240 (1991), S. 334-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Sarcoidosis ; Cerebrospinal fluid ; Lysozyme ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neurosarcoidosis is a well-recognised complication of systemic sarcoidosis but diagnosis may be difficult if there is no clear evidence of an extracerebral manifestation of the disease. We present the case of a 42-year-old woman with clinical features characteristic of cerebral sarcoidosis including tetraparesis, diabetes insipidus, diencephalic hyperphagia, personality changes, and memory loss. Diagnosis was supported by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): CSF showed mild lymphocytic pleocytosis, intrathecal production of IgG without oligoclonal bands, and a raised level of lysozyme. MRI revealed multiple contrast-enhanced granulomas at the base of the brain with partial involvement of diencephalic and mesencephalic structures and parts of the spinal cord. There was no evidence of systemic manifestation of sarcoidosis. Administration of corticosteroids led to improvement of the symptoms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02279763
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