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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 266 (1957), S. 60-60 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 278 (1963), S. 54-54 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Glomerulumfiltrat, proximaler intratubulärer Druck bei freiem Fluß und proximaler intratubulärer Druck nach Blockade des Tubulus wurden an narkotisierten Ratten vor und nach i.v. Injektion von Hydrochlorothiazid (Esidrix) oder von Furosemid (Lasix) gemessen. Nach Injektion beider Verbindungen stieg der intratubuläre Druck bei freiem Fluß mit zunehmendem Harnfluß an. Nach Hydrochlorothiazid nahm das Glomerulumfiltrat proportional zum Anstieg des intratubulären Druckes ab. Der intratubuläre Druck nach Blockade des Tubulus änderte sich dabei nicht. Nach Furosemid änderte sich das Glomerulumfiltrat nicht oder stieg leicht an, während der intratubuläre Druck nach Blockade des Tubulus sich deutlich erhöhte. Die Ergebnisse werden dahingehend interpretiert, daß nach Hydrochlorothiazid der glomeruläre Capillardruck konstant bleibt und daß die Abnahme des Glomerulumfiltrates allein durch den Anstieg des intratubulären Druckes bedingt ist. Andererseits führt Furosemid zu einem Anstieg des glomerulären Capillardruckes, der dem des intratubulären Druckes etwa entspricht. Dadurch bleibt nach Furosemid der effektive Filtrationsdruck und das Glomerulumfiltrat, selbst bei sehr hohem Harnfluß, konstant.
    Notes: Summary Glomerular filtration rate, proximal intratubular pressure during free-flow and proximal intratubular stop-flow pressure were measured in anesthetized rats before and after intravenous injection of hydrochlorothiazide (Esidrix) or of furosemide (Lasix). After injection of each compound, the intratubular free-flow pressure increased with increased rates of urine flow. With hydrochlorothiazide, the glomerular filtration rate decreased in proportion to the increased intratubular pressure whereas the intratubular stop-flow pressure remained constant. With furosemide, the glomerular filtration rate either did not change or increased slightly and the intratubular stop-flow pressure rose markedly. The results are interpreted to mean that hydrochlorothiazide does not influence the glomerular capillary pressure and that the fall in glomerular filtration rate is solely due to the increased intratubular pressure. In contrast, furosemide raises the glomerular capillary pressure to about the same extent as the intratubular pressure increases. Therefore, effective filtration pressure and glomerular filtration rate remain constant, even at very high rates of urine flow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 339 (1973), S. 339-348 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Dietary Sodium ; Renal Enzyme Pattern
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The relationship between dietary sodium and the activity of representative renal enzymes of the three main metabolic pathways-oxydative breakdown, glycolysis and pentose-monophosphate-shunt-was studied in the rat kidney. Enzyme assays were carried out on total tissue homogenates and isolated mitochondria of the cortex and medulla as well as on isolated glomerula of rats maintained on low or high sodium diet for 14–17 days. While there was no difference in the weight-gain between rats maintained on low sodium food or normal laboratory chow, rats fed high sodium diet put on more weight and had larger kidneys than the other groups. The protein content of the total tissue homogenate followed the same pattern whereas equal amounts of mitochondrial or glomerular protein was found in all three groups. In all preparations both low, and to a greater extent, high dietary sodium increased the specific activity of the majority of enzymes assayed. No fall in the activity of any enzyme could be observed. A number of causal mechanisms are discussed. It is assumed that hyperaldosteronism in the low-sodium group and elevated vasopressin level in rats fed high-sodium diet are responsible for the identical results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Glomerulumfiltrat, proximaler intratubulärer Druck bei freiem Fluß und proximaler intratubulärer Druck nach Blockade des Tubulus wurden an narkotisierten Ratten vor und während Infusion von hypertoner Mannit-Lösung gemessen. Der intratubuläre Druck bei freiem Fluß stieg mit ansteigendem Harnfluß an, während das Glomerulumfiltrat proportional zum Anstieg des intratubulären Druckes abnahm. Der intratubuläre Druck nach Blockade des Tubulus änderte sich nicht. Die Ergebnisse werden dahingehend interpretiert, daß die Abnahme des Glomerulumfiltrates während starker osmotischer Diurese allein durch den Anstieg des intratubulären Druckes bedingt ist und daß Mannit den glomerulären Capillardruck nicht beeinflußt.
    Notes: Summary Glomerular filtration rate, proximal intratubular pressure during free-flow and proximal intratubular stop-flow pressure were measured in anesthetized rats before and during infusion of hypertonic solution of mannitol. The intratubular free-flow pressure increased with increased rates of urne flow whereas the glomerular filtration rate decreased in proportion to the increased intratubular pressure. The intratubular stop-flow pressure did not change during mannitol diuresis. The results are interpreted to mean that the decrease in glomerular filtration rate during osmotic diuresis is solely due to the increased intratubular pressure and that mannitol does not affect the glomerular capillary pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 332 (1972), S. 28-39 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Kidney ; Experimental Hypertension ; DOCA ; Specific Reabsorption Capacity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Rats were made chronically hypertensive by unilateral nephrectomy, repeated injections of desoxycorticosterone-acetate and offering saline as drinking fluid (DOCA-rats). Unilaterally nephrectomized animals (Nephrex-rats) were used for control. Compensatory renal hypertrophy was greater in DOCA-rats than in Nephrex-rats. Diameter and length of the proximal convolute in the DOCA-group increased more than in Nephrex-rats. GFR per unit kidney weight in the DOCA-group remained unchanged as compared to untreated Wistar-rats but increased significantly in Nephrex-animals. the water and sodium load of each nephron had doubled in both groups. Nevertheless, there were no substantial changes in the fractional water and sodium reabsorption in the different segments of the nephron of DOCA-rats as compared to normal animals. In Nephrex-rats fractional sodium and water reabsorption were increased in the proximal tubule and diminished in the loop of Henle and in the distal tubule. In Nephrex-rats an indirect correlation was found between blood pressure and both water reabsorption and the transit time of Lissamine green in superficial loops of Henle but no such correlation could be found in the DOCA-group. Determination of the specific reabsorption capacity of the proximal tubules during free-flow or using the split-drop technique yielded identical values in all animals studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 332 (1972), S. 56-72 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Water Electrolyte Balance ; Sodium ; Thirst ; Renal Artery Obstruction ; Renal Hypertension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Rats with spontaneous hypertension and rats with experimental hypertension elicited by constriction of one renal artery exhibited an enhanced sodium appetite similar to patients with essential hypertension. The hypertensive rats drank twice as much saline (0.9 g NaCl/100ml) as the controls, when given the choice between tap water and saline. In the rats with unilaterally constricted renal artery water intake was increased and plasma sodium concentration reduced. In these animals, body weight increased by 1.6%, plasma sodium returned to normal and polydipsia disappeared after the intake of saline. Polydipsia, hyponatremia and enhanced sodium appetite likewise disappeared after the removal of the contralateral kidney exposed to the high blood pressure. It is concluded from these results, that the natriuresis of the kidney exposed to the elevated blood pressure causes the enhanced sodium appetite and the polydipsia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 272 (1960), S. 32-32 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 273 (1961), S. 264-271 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Es wird über eine Meßanordnung berichtet, die es erlaubt, am narkotisierten Hund bei eröffnetem Thorax Größe und Richtung der Durchblutung broncho-pulmonaler Gefäßverbindungen innerhalb eines Lungenlappens volumetrisch und mit Hilfe markierter Erythrocyten zu bestimmen. 2. Wie sich mit Hilfe von Cr51-Erythrocyten nachweisen läßt, werden diese Verbindungen nur in der Richtung vom Bronchialzum Pulmonalgefäßsystem durchblutet, solange der arterielle Druck im großen Kreislauf erheblich über dem der A. pulmonalis liegt. 3. Der Einstrom des Blutes vom großen Kreislauf in das Pulmonalsystem hängt in erster Linie von der Höhe des Aortendruckes ab. 4. Hält man den Aortendruck konstant auf einem niedrigen Wert (80–50 Torr), so ist die Größe des Einstromes in das Pulmonalsystem allein vom Druck in der A. pulmonalis abhängig, während Änderungen des Druckes in der V. pulmonalis keinen Einfluß haben. 5. Unter unseren Versuchsbedingungen scheint demnach das Blut hauptsächlich über arterio-arterielle Verbindungen in das Pulmonalsystem einzuströmen. Die von anderen Untersuchern gefundene Abhängigkeit des Bluteinstroms vom Druck in den Venen des großen und kleinen Kreislaufs beruht anscheinend auf Gefäßverbindungen, die außerhalb des Lungenlappens verlaufen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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