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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 145 (1997), S. 347-352 
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Hypoparathyreoidismus ; Innenohrschwerhörigkeit ; Renale Dysplasie ; Key words Hypoparathyroidism ; Deafness ; Renal dysplasia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Three children with primary, nonfamilial hypoparathyreoidism presented with high-grade sensorineural deafness. Based on clinical and molecular evidence, one could be diagnosed as Kearns-Sayre syndrome. The basis of the association in the other cases remains unclear. The combination of symptoms seems to be more frequent than peviously assumed, affecting 3 of 9 children treated at our clinic because of primary, nonfamilial hypoparathyreoidism. Genetically determined dysfunction of cochlear haircell motility and haircell damage as consequence of reduced calcium concentrations in peri- and endolymph are discussed as pathogenetic factors of sensorineural deafness in cases of hypoparathyreoidism. Two of the children showed a marked renal dysplasia. Similar familial cases with associated kidney malformations have been reported in the literatur, indicating the possibiliy of a common cause for hypoparathyreoidism, sensorineural deafness and renal dysplasia. Discussion: As a practical consequence of our experience we recommend laboratory investigations (i. e. parathyreoid hormone) in order to exclude an underlying hypoparathyreoidism in patients with sensorineural deafness. Vice versa, an audiogram should be performed in patients with idiopathic hypoparathyreoidism for early recognition and treatment of associated sensorineural deafness.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es werden 3 Kinder mit nicht-familiärem Hypoparathyreoidismus beschrieben, die durch eine hochgradige Hörstörung cochleärer Genese auffielen. Während bei einem der Kinder klinisch und molekulargenetisch ein Kearns-Sayre-Syndrom nachgewiesen werden konnte, bleibt die Ursache des gemeinsamen Auftretens der Störungen bei 2 Kindern ungeklärt. Die Assoziation scheint häufiger als bisher angenommen: sie betrifft 3 der in der Kinderklinik Mainz betreuten 9 Kinder mit primärem Hypoparathyreoidismus. Genetisch determinierte Störungen der Haarzellmotilität der Cochlea sowie Haarzellschädigung als Folge chronisch verringerter Kalziumkonzentrationen in der Peri- und Endolymphe werden als pathogenetische Faktoren der sensorineuralen Hörstörung bei idiopathischem Hypoparathyreoidismus diskutiert. Beim Kearns-Sayre-Syndrom spielt der ATP-Mangel eine besondere Rolle und erklärt möglicherweise die Progredienz der Hörstörung trotz Normalisierung des Serumkalziumspiegels unter der Therapie mit 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol. Bei 2 der 3 Patienten fand sich eine ausgeprägte renale Dysplasie. In der Literatur wurden ähnliche, familiäre Fälle mit assoziierter Nierenfehlbildung beschrieben, die auf eine gemeinsame Ursache von Hypoparathyreoidismus, sensorineuraler Hörstörung und renaler Dysplasie hinweisen. Diskussion: Die beschriebenen Fälle legen die Empfehlung nahe, im Rahmen der Abklärung einer Innenohrschwerhörigkeit einen Hypoparathyreoidismus auszuschließen. Umgekehrt sollte bei allen Patienten mit Hypoparathyreoidismus eine eingehende pädaudiologische Diagnostik zur rechtzeitigen Erfassung und Behandlung einer assoziierten Hörstörung erfolgen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 127 (1977), S. 15-19 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: HGH secretion ; L-Dopa ; L-Carbidopa ; Arginine test
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The stimulatory effect of Nacom® (250 mg L-Dopa and 25 mg L-Carbidopa) on the HGH secretion was evaluated in 75 short stature patients. The number of blood samples was restricted to only three (0, 45 and 90 min). 63 patients reached adequate HGH concentrations after the ingestion of 1 tablet Nacom (84%). Somatotropin levels increased from 2.08 (S x 0.28) to a maximal HGH value of 14.22 (S x 0.87) ng/ml. When the stimulatory effect of Nacom was compared with the standard method of arginine infusion in children with normal stature the arginine test was not superior to the Nacom-test. The Nacom-test appears to be a simple and reliable screening method for HGH deficiency, particularly in outpatients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 135 (1981), S. 245-253 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Transient hypothyroidism ; Prophylactic thyroid hormone substitution ; Neonatal intensive care ; Preterm infants ; Respiratory distress syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our previous examinations had shown that 9 of 13 premature infants with severe respiratory distress had hypothyroid T4-values. On the basis of these results a prospective study was initiated. Every second neonate born after less than 37 weeks gestation or weighing less than 2200 g and admitted to our intensive care unit since Janary 1979 received a prophylactic dose of 25 μg l-Thyroxine and 5 μg Tri-iodothyronine daily. Five of the patients inadvertently did not receive the drug and were included in the non-treated group which thus numbered 55. Both groups were nearly identical with regard to gestational age, birth weight and Apgar score. In the treated group of 45 infants three (=6.6%) died. In the untreated group of 55 infants 16 (=29%) died. The probability that the different mortality in the two groups was due to chance alone is less than 0.5% (χ2-test: P〈0.005). In 14 of the 55 non-treated patients transient hypothyroidism developed. Five patients with transient hypothyroidism and 2 patients with low T4-values without a TSH-increase were treated with thyroid hormone after ascertainment of their serum thyroxine levels and six survived. The analysis of the prophylactically treated cases showed that the dosage of 25 μg l-Thyroxine and 5 μg Tri-iodothyronine in critically ill infants (i.e., those who were mechanically ventilated or had sepsis) was rarely sufficient to produce normal serum thyroxine levels. In these children thyroxine usually rose to normal levels only when they had passed the acute stage of the disease. It therefore seems advisable to double the dose of thyroid hormone during the acute stage of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 122 (1976), S. 195-200 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: HGH secretion ; l-Dopa ; l-Carbidopa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei Kindern ohne Minderwuchs im Alter von 6–14 Jahren wurde nach oraler Gabe von 250 mg Levodopa und 25 mg l-Carbidopa (Nacom, ein Kombinations-präparat) die Wachstumshormonkonzentration im Serum bestimmt. Alle Probanden zeigten einen ausreichenden Wachstumshormonanstieg. Der Mittelwert betrug 19,6 ng/ml. Nach dem Maximum der HGH-Konzentration ließen sich zwei Gruppen unterscheiden. Die eine Gruppe erreichte zum Zeitpunkt 20 bzw. 40 min, die andere nach 60 bzw. 90 min den stärksten HGH-Anstieg. Aufgrund des Verlaufs der Mittelwertskurve werden 2 Blutentnahmen, 40 und 90 min nach Einnahme des Präparates, zum Ausschluß eines Wachstumshormonmangels für ausreichend gehalten. Das wahrscheinlich zugrundeliegende Wirkungsprinzip der HGH-Sekretion durch l-Dopa und l-Carbidopa wird anhand der Literatur diskutiert.
    Notes: Abstract The stimulatory effect of l-Dopa and l-Carbidopa (Nacom) on HGH secretion was determined in 12 children of normal height aged from 6 to 14 years. Each child received a standard dose of 250 mg l-Dopa and 25 mg l-Carbidopa p.o. HGH concentration in the serum was determined at standard intervals. All subjects showed a sufficient increase of HGH. The mean value was 19.6 ng/ml. According to the maximum values of the HGH concentration the sample can be divided into two groups; the first group reached the highest values after 20–40 min, the second one after 60–90 min. On evaluation of the curve of the mean values it appears that 2 blood samples taken 40 and 90 min after the ingestion of l-Dopa and l-Carbidopa are sufficient in order to exclude HGH deficiency. The theoretical background for HGH secretion after stimulation by l-Dopa and l-Carbidopa is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 132 (1979), S. 85-92 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Transient hypothyroidism ; Neonatal intensive care ; Preterm infants ; Respiratory distress syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Serial TSH and T4 determinations were performed in sixty neonates admitted to our hospital for neonatal intensive care within a period of three months. Seven patients (12%) showed transient hypothyroidism on the basis of low T4 and high TSH values. Only one of these patients, who had meconium aspiration and pneumonia, did not have the respiratory distress syndrome. In addition, 4 of these patients had sepsis. All of the patients were born before 37 gestational weeks and had birth weight under 2200 g. In addition, two patients of this gestational age and birth weight group had a progressive fall of T4 to extremely hypothyroid values without simultaneous elevation of TSH. Two of the 5 patients who died had histological studies of their thyroids. These revealed colloid-depleted vesicles, desquamated epithelium, and prominent vascularisation of the thyroid. The results of this study show that early recognition and therapy of transient hypothyroidism may be live saving.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 154 (1995), S. 807-810 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Ullrich-Turner syndrome ; Liver enzymes ; Oestrogen replacement therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The absence of breast development and the prevention of osteoporosis in Ullrich-Turner syndrome (UTS) require oestrogen/gestagen substitution therapy. In 8 out of 35 (23%) patients with UTS treated with conjugated equine oestrogens and cyclically with norethisterone acetate, the serum liver enzymes increased to conspicuous levels (AST 35; 20–73 U/l, ALT 92; 37–141 U/l, GGT 77; 25–227 U/l, [median; min-max]). These findings were compared with those in 41 tall girls who received a six-fold larger dose of conjugated equine oestrogens for the reduction of final height. None of these 41 girls showed abnormal serum liver enzyme levels. The conspicuous rise in serum liver enzyme levels occurred in the majority of the UTS patients before norethistherone acetate was added to the oestrogen replacement therapy. No essential morphological equivalent was found in liver sonography and biopsy studies. During the follow up the elevated serum liver enzyme levels showed reversibility when medication was temporarily discontinued and either a slow decrease or a steady state after therapy was continued. Conclusion Patients with UTS on oral oestrogen replacement therapy are more susceptible to develop increased serum liver enzyme levels as compared with eukaryotic females treated with the same oestrogen preparation for other disorders. As the underlying pathomechanism is unknown and adverse long-term effects cannot be ruled out, avoiding the portal vein and using the transdermal application of oestrogen may represent a viable solution to the problem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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