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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid Incorporation In Vivo of Intracerebrally Injected 32Pi into Polyphosphoinositides of Three Subfractions of Rat Brain Myelin (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 36 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: At intervals ranging from 1 to 10 min after injection of 32Pi into rat brain, myelin was prepared and separated into three subfractions: heavy, medium, and light. The radioactivity of total phospholipids and polyphospho-inositides (PPI) was then determined. There was rapid incorporation of 32Pi into PPI, which contained 50–70% of the radioactivity among total brain lipids and more than 70% among myelin lipids. The myelin fraction had incorporated 32Pi into total recovered PPI in the order of medium 〉 heavy 〉 light fraction: however, the order of relative specific radioactivities was heavy 〉 light 〉 medium. Labeling of the PPI precursors, phosphatidic acid (PA) and phos-phatidylinositol (PI), was considerably lower in the purified myelin than in total brain. The di- (DPI) and triphosphoinositides (TPI) in heavy myelin exchanged 32Pi at rates 2 to 3 times faster than those in medium and light myelin. DPI of all subfractions of myelin exchanged much faster than TPI. The results show that the most active phosphate turnover of myelin PPI occurs in the heavy myelin fraction (probably largely consisting of myelin appurtenant regions). However, medium and light myelin (most probably representing the closely packed layers of myelin sheaths) also showed rapid turnover of PPI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb01632.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyphosphoinositide biosynthesis in three subfractions of rat brain myelin (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 30 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1978.tb12417.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE DISTRIBUTION AND BIOSYNTHESIS OF THE MYELIN -GALACTOLIPIDS IN THE SUBCELLULAR FRACTIONS OF BRAINS OF QUAKING AND NORMAL MICE DURING DEVELOPMENT (1977)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 28 (1977), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— The biosynthesis and accumulation of monogalactosyl diglyceride, galacto-cerebrosides and sulfatides were studied in the brain of quaking mouse during myelination. The specific activity of monogalactosyl diglyceride synthesis of the mutant mouse was reduced to 50% of the control of the same age, comparable to the reduction in the biosynthesis of galactosylcerebrosides and sulfatides. The three galactolipids were largely associated with the myelin and microsomal fractions in the normal and quaking mice at the ages studied. Although the concentrations of microsomal galactolipids (expressed as nmol/g wet wt of brain) were lower in quaking mice than in the controls at all ages, the percentage of total brain monogalactosyl diglyceride recovered in the microsomes of the mutant mouse was always larger than in the microsomes of the controls. Between 16 and 41 days, the monogalactosyl diglyceride content of the control myelin increased 10-fold, whereas the concentrations in the mutant increased only 2-fold. In normal animals, the percentage of total myelin galactolipids in the ‘small myelin’ decreased over the age of 1841 days with concomitant increase in the ‘large myelin’. In contrast, in the mutant, large percentages of these compounds remained associated with the small myelin even at late periods of myelin development. These findings indicate that the slow rate of deposition of myelin in the brain of quaking mouse may be due to a defective transport mechanism of the galactolipids from the site of synthesis (microsomes) to the site of deposition (myelin), or to a defect in the mechanism of final myelin assembly, rather than to a lipid-specific genetic error.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1977.tb10660.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyphosphoinositide mono- an diphosphoesterases of three subfractions of rat brain myelin (1982)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 7 (1982), S. 617-626 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Phosphomonoesterase and diesterase that cleave phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (diphosphoinositide, DPI) and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (triphosphoinositide, TPI) were detected in three subfractions of purified rat brain myelin, and some properties of the enzymes were studied. Monoesterase activity was stimulated by KCl, maximally at a concentration of 25 mM, and inhibited at KCl concentrations above 50 mM. Addition of boiled pH 5 supernatant of rat brain homogenate doubled the enzymic activity; EDTA was inhibitory. The specific activities were nearly equal in the “low density”, “medium density”, and “heavy density” myelin fractions but about 30% lower than in whole brain homogenate. The monophosphatase could be solubilized by extraction with 0.2% Triton X-100. The phosphodiesterase activity was inhibited by EDTA and EGTA and not stimulated by KCl or pH 5 supernatant. Specific activities were nearly equal in whole brain and myelin but were by about 60 percent elevated in the “heavy density” over the “low density” myelin fraction. These results show that the hydrolases operative in the fast turnover of the inositide phosphate groups are distributed over the entire myelin structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00965127
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the submicrosomal fractions of bovine oligodendroglia: Lipid composition and glycolipid biosynthesis (1988)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 13 (1988), S. 571-582 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Keywords: Oligodendroglia ; submicrosomal fractions ; plasma membranes ; Golgi ; endoplasmic reticulum ; galactolipids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Oligodendroglia were isolated from bovine brain, and a “crude”, microsomal fraction obtained from cell homogenates was subfractionated into myelin (MP), plasma membranes (PM), Golgi (GF), smooth (SER) and rough (RER) endoplasmic membranes using discontinuous-sucrose gradient centrifugation. The submicrosomal fractions were characterized by ultrastructural examination and analysis of the specific organelle markers. The myelin and plasma membrane rich fractions contained characteristically the highest amounts of the lipid with lower mole percentages of total phospholipids and phosphatidylcholine, and higher concentrations of phosphatidylethanolamine (+plasmalogens), cholesterol and galactolipids. Considerable amounts of the typical myelin galactolipids (galacto-cerebrosides, sulfatides and monogalactosyl diglycerides) were also found in the Golgi fraction (GF). The GF fraction had the greatest enrichment of glycolipid-forming galactosyltransferases, and the distribution of these enzymes correlated well with that of the Golgi marker enzymes. The results give evidence that intracellular Golgi apparatus of oligodendroglia is rich in the myelin-specific lipids, and suggest its involvement in the synthesis and processing of myelin lipids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00973300
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