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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Klinik und Therapie der frühen lepromatösen Lepra an einem Fallbeispiel (1994)
    Springer
    Der Hautarzt 45 (1994), S. 845-848 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter: Lepromatöse Lepra – Leprareaktion – Dapson – Glucose-6-Phosphat-Dehydrogenase-Mangel ; Key words: Lepromatous leprosy – Leprosy reaction – Dapsone – Glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase deficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract. Taking into account the increase in worldwide human migration, leprosy is of growing importance in the differential diagnosis of dermatological diseases encountered in Central Europe. We report on the case of a young man from Ghana who developed hypopigmented maculae and plaques on his trunk and proximal limbs. The diagnosis of lepromatous leprosy could be made in consideration of the histological pattern of infiltrating leucocytes and detection of numerous acid-fast mycobacteria on skin biopsy. The results of the physical examination as well as routine laboratory and immunological parameters were consistent with this form of leprosy. Due to glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase deficiency, treatment with dapsone was contraindicated. With high-dose rifampicin and clofazimine therapy, the skin changes cleared over the course of 11 months following a leprosy reaction type II (erythema nodosum leprosum) that developed during a phase of discontinued therapy due to low patient compliance.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung. Wegen der zunehmenden differentialdiagnostischen Bedeutung der Lepra im Rahmen der weltweiten Wanderungsbewegungen wird der Fall einer frühen lepromatösen Lepra bei einem jungen Mann aus Ghana vorgestellt, dessen Hautveränderungen erstmalig in der Bundesrepublik auftraten und bei dem die Erstdiagnose einer lepromatösen Lepra gestellt werden konnte. Klinisch fanden sich zahlreiche hypopigmentierte Plaques am Stamm und den proximalen Extremitäten bei voll erhaltener Hautsensibilität. Der histologische Befund ergab das typische Infiltrationsmuster einer lepromatösen Lepra mit massenhaft nachweisbaren intakten säurefesten Stäbchen. Auch die allgemeinen klinischen, laborchemischen sowie immunologischen Untersuchungsparameter waren mit einer lepromatösen Lepra gut vereinbar. Wegen eines Glucose-6-Phosphat-Dehydrogenase-Mangels konnte Dapson als Basismedikation nicht eingesetzt werden, so daß eine kombinierte Hochdosistherapie mit Rifampizin und Clofazimin erfolgte. Im weiteren Verlauf entwickelte sich nach neun Monaten während einer durch den Patienten induzierten Therapiepause eine Leprareaktion Typ II (Erythema nodosum leprosum) mit anschließender klinischer Abheilung der Hautveränderungen nach zwei weiteren Monaten konsequenter Therapie.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001050050183
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The MOAHLFA index of irritant sodium lauryl sulfate reactions: first results of a multicentre study on routine sodium lauryl sulfate patch testing (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Contact dermatitis 51 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In a multicentre study of the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) 0.25% and 0.5% aq. has been added to routine allergen patch tests to assess its properties as a convenient diagnostic indicator of individual susceptibility to irritation at the time of patch testing. Previous studies indicated that irritant SLS reactivity may be related to individual factors such as age and sex. As these factors are, in turn, among the important predictors of contact allergy to many allergens, e.g. summarized in the ‘MOAHLFA index’, the impact of the MOAHLFA factors on irritant SLS patch test reactivity, and thus a potential for confounding, was assessed in the 5971 participating patients. As a result of 2 logistic regression analyses with an irritant reaction to 0.25% and 0.5% SLS, respectively, as outcome, male sex was identified as a relatively weak but significant risk factor (OR 1.38), while age 40 years or older was an even weaker risk factor (OR 1.22 and 1.15, respectively). Upon detailed analysis, no clear age gradient could, however, be identified. 1-day exposure time almost halved the odds of an irritant SLS reaction. In conclusion, this type of SLS patch test can be regarded as robust, indicating individual irritability relatively independent from the individual factors analysed here.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0105-1873.2004.00458.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patch test results with the metalworking fluid series of the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group (DKG) (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Contact dermatitis 51 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Based on the information of the interdisciplinary task force on allergy diagnostics in the metal branch, in 2001, the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group (DKG) compiled two metalworking fluid (MWF) test series with currently and previously used components, respectively. After 2 years of patch testing, we present results obtained with these series, based on data of the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK). 251 metalworkers who were patch tested because of suspected MWF dermatitis in 2002 and 2003 were included in this retrospective data analysis. Of these, 206 were tested with the current MWF series and 155 with the historical MWF series. Among the current MWF allergens, monoethanolamine ranked 1st with 11.6% positive reactions. Diethanolamine (3.0%), triethanolamine (1.1%), and diglycolamine (1.9%) elicited positive reactions far less frequently. Allergic reactions to p-aminoazobenzene were frequently observed (6.0%), but the relevance of these reactions is still obscure. Positive reactions to biocides ranged from 4.5% for Bioban® CS 1135 to 0.5% for iodopropynyl butylcarbamate and 2-phenoxyethanol. Concomitant reactions to formaldehyde, which caused positive reactions in 3.3%, and formaldehyde releasers occurred to varying extents without conclusive pattern. No positive reactions were seen to dibutyl phthalate, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, tricresyl phosphate, isopropyl myristate or benzotriazole. With the historical MWF test series, positive reactions to methyldibromo glutaronitrile (MDBGN) were observed most frequently. However, sensitization via allergen sources other than MWF seems likely, as MDBGN, during the study period, has been one of the most frequent preservative allergens in cosmetics and body care products. Other historical MWF allergens comprised morpholinyl mercaptobenzothiazole (3.3%), benzisothiazolinone (BIT; 2.0%) and Bioban® P 1487(1.3%). BIT is currently used in MWF again, so it was shifted to the current MWF test series. As decreasing reaction frequencies to former MWF allergens that are no longer used can be expected, the historical series should be re-evaluated after some years. The test series with current MWF allergens has to be kept up-to-date based on information from industry and to be kept concise by eliminating test substances which never cause positive reactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0105-1873.2004.00416.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The concentration of para-phenylenediamine (PPD) for routine patch testing in a standard series needs to be redefined (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Contact dermatitis 53 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0105-1873.2005.00702.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanism in allergic contact dermatitis (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Experimental dermatology 2 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.1993.tb00010.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patch testing with components of water-based metalworking fluids (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Contact dermatitis 49 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Water-based metalworking fluids (MWFs) may cause both irritant and allergic contact dermatitis. Several well-known MWF allergens are available for patch testing, but considering the wide variety of possible components used in MWF, our diagnostic arsenal covers only a small part of potential allergens. We therefore selected 13 frequently used MWF components that might be sensitizers and had not yet been tested routinely. In 5 centres, 233 dermatitis patients with present or past occupational exposure to MWF were patch tested with this and other panels. Only 7 patients showed positive reactions to the study panel. Allergic reactions to the emulsifier diglycolamine [syn. 2-(2-aminoethoxy) ethanol] were seen in 5 patients, and 1 patient each reacted positively to 2-amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol (AEPD) and methyldiethanolamine (MDEA). Clinical relevance of the reactions to diglycolamine was unequivocally proven by its presence in the MWF from the patients' workplace in 3 cases. Diglycolamine seems to be an important MWF allergen, independently from monoethanolamine and diethanolamine. A test concentration of 1% petrolatum (pet.) appears to be appropriate. The importance of AEPD and MDEA as MWF allergens still remains to be established. The lack of positive test reactions to the other MWF components tested may be due to their low-sensitizing potential or too low a patch test concentration being used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0105-1873.2003.00187.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contact sensitizers modulate mechanisms of receptor-mediated endocytosis but not fluid-phase endocytosis in murine epidermal Langerhans cells (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Experimental dermatology 4 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to define the influence of contact allergens on the fluid-phase endocytosis (FPE) of soluble molecules of murine epidermal Langerhans cells (LC), we studied the internalization of FITC-labeled bovine serum albumin (FITC-BSA), TRITC-labeled dextrane (TRITC-DEX) as well as horseradish peroxidase by LC. A 3-parameter flow-cytometric technique was performed for quantification of internalized FITC-BSA in LC using quantum red-labeled reagents for detection of la-antigen expression by LC and propidium iodide for exclusion of dead cells from analysis. A temperature-dependent rapid accumulation of FITC-BSA was noticed in time-course studies reaching a plateau between 1 and 2 h of in vitro culture at 37°C. The quantity of FPE under stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), concanavalin A (Con A), sta-phylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) and contact sensitizers (DNFB, Kathon CG, K2Cr2O7) as well as the irritant SLS was determined. Treatment of LC with PMA and Con A resulted in a significant increase of total FITC-BSA uptake. The contact sensitizers as well as SEB and SLS failed to mediate augmented fluid-phase endocytosis. By use of the pH-insensitive soluble marker, TRITC-DEX and a microscope photometer for evaluation these findings could be confirmed. This excluded any artificial influence of differences in pH values in endocytotic compartments which might have influenced the fluorescence intensity of the pH-sensitive fluoro-chrome FITC. For qualitative analysis of FPE, the intracellular distribution of internalized horseradish peroxidase in LC was studied. An aggregated pattern became apparent in untreated LC and did not change under stimulation with any of the substances used. This was in sharp contrast to a modulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis of antibody-crosslinked MHC class II molecules under the influence of contact sensitizers, and suggested that haplen-mediated endocytotic activation of LC was restricted to this mechanism of inlernalization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.1995.tb00247.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heat-stable antigen is expressed by murine keratinocytes and delivers costimulatory signals in T-cell activation (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Experimental dermatology 4 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Heat-stable antigen (HSA), expressed by various antigen-presenting cells (APC), has been described as a costimulatory molecule for CD4+ T cells. Recently, we observed that HSA also serves as an important costimulatory molecule on epidermal Langerhans cells (LC). During these studies, low levels of HSA staining were also detected on normal murine keratinocytes (KC). To investigate whether HSA also is involved in T-cell activation by KC, normal murine KC or the spontaneously transformed KC cell-line PAM 212 were treated with PDB or PMA to induce HSA-expression. FACS analyses showed induction of HSA expression on normal murine KC, as well as PAM 212 cells. In functional assays PDB or PMA-treated normal or transformed KC were far more potent inducers of primary allogeneic T-cell responses than untreated KC. Addition of anti-HSA-specific mAb 20C9 specifically inhibited the costimulatory activity of KC, an effect that was even more pronounced when CTLA-4Ig was added to the cultures. Cleavage of HSA on KC surfaces by a phosphoinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) also significantly inhibited the costimulatory capacity of KC for naive CD4+ T cells. In aggregate, our data indicate that expression of HSA on activated KC contributes to the capacity of these cells to induce proliferation of allogeneic T cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.1995.tb00207.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New plant binary vectors with selectable markers located proximal to the left T-DNA border (1992)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 20 (1992), S. 1195-1197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; T-DNA ; plant transformation ; binary vectors ; selectable markers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Five new binary vectors have been constructed which have the following features: (1) different plant selectable markers including neomycin phosphotransferase (nptII), hygromycin phosphotransferase (hpt), dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr), phosphinothricin acetyl transferase (bar), and bleomycin resistance (ble); (2) selectable markers are located near the T-DNA left border and; (3) selectable marker and β-glucuronidase (uidA) reporter genes are divergently organized for efficient expression, and can easily be removed or replaced as needed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00028908
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Excision of a Ds-like maize transposable element (AcΔ) in a transient assay in Petunia is enhanced by a truncated coding region of the transposable element Ac (1990)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 224 (1990), S. 17-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: GUS transient expression ; Mobile DNA ; Zea mays ; Petunia hybrida ; Cotransfection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The excision of a Ds-like transposable element (AcΔ) is mediated in trans by the transposable element Ac or its derivatives in Petunia protoplasts cotransfected with two plasmid DNAs. Excision restores the activity of the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene that is otherwise shut off by the presence of AcΔ in its leader sequence. A transient expression assay (histochemical test) is used to detect the β-glucuronidase activity at the protoplast level. The number of blue-stained protoplasts is a measure of the excision frequency. With AcΔ alone a near-zero background of GUS activity is detected, which is weakly enhanced by the presence, in trans, of either the wild-type Ac or the coding region (ORFa) transcribed from the 2′ promoter of Agrobacterium tumefaciens TR-DNA. A strong enhancement is observed when a truncated Ac coding region, also under the control of the 2′ promoter, is supplied in trans. The truncated version has ATG10 at codon 103 in frame with ORFa and is preceded by 7 out-of-frame ATGs. The assay is quick and well suited for detection of excision frequencies above the value obtained with the wild-type Ac. The presence of empty donor sites following excision can be demonstrated by PCR amplification and direct sequencing of the appropriate DNA fragment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00259446
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