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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The concentration of para-phenylenediamine (PPD) for routine patch testing in a standard series needs to be redefined (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Contact dermatitis 53 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0105-1873.2005.00702.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patch test sensitization caused by para-tertiary-butylcatechol: (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Contact dermatitis 45 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Para-tertiary-butylcatechol (PTBC) has been patch tested in Europe at 1% in petrolatum (pet.) and is now suspected of induction of patch test sensitization. A prospective study was initiated to obtain detailed data on this undesirable risk. A dilution series of PTBC (1%, 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.1% pet.) was used. Patch tests were read on days (D) 1–3, 7, 14 and 21 after application. Patients who were unable to return for late readings were telephoned and asked to report any reaction at the patch test sites. 40 out of 46 patients included completed the study. Patch tests were negative in 35 patients. 4 patients showed a positive patch test at later readings only (D7–D21); 2 patients reacted to a concentration as low as 0.1%. Rechallenge was performed in 2 of these patients, revealing a clearly positive reaction as early as D2 after patch test application. PTBC clearly induced patch test sensitization in 10% of the patients. It cannot be excluded that patch testing with 0.25% PTBC or with even lower concentrations might induce patch test sensitization. The optimal patch test concentration still has to be determined but may be within the range of 0.01% to 0.25% PTBC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0536.2001.450401.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An attempt to improve diagnostics of contact allergy due to epoxy resin systems. First results of the multicentre study EPOX 2002 (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Contact dermatitis 51 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Epoxy resin systems (ERSs) are a frequent cause of occupational allergic contact dermatitis. Sensitization occurs not only to the resins, but also to hardeners and reactive diluents. However, only a fraction of the ERS components currently in use are available for patch testing. With the multicentre study EPOX 2002, we attempted to improve diagnostics in this field by patch testing with components currently used in ERSs. During the first study period (October 2002 to July 2003), in addition to commercially available ERS patch test substances, 16 study substances (1 resin, 9 hardeners and 6 reactive diluents) were patch tested in 70 patients with suspected contact allergy due to ERSs and 22 patients with a prior positive patch test reaction to epoxy resin (ER) in the standard series. Most frequently, allergic reactions to ER based on diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A and F were observed (55.2% and 43.7%, respectively). Agreement between positive reactions to both resins, which can be explained by immunological cross-sensitization and/or coexposure, was substantial [Cohen's kappa 0.65 (95% CI: 0.49–0.80)]. Among the reactive diluents, 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether (1,6-HDDGE) and 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (1,4-BDDGE) were the most frequent allergens, with 19.5% and 18.4% positive reactions, respectively. Although agreement between positive reactions to 1,6-HDDGE and 1,4-BDDGE was even better than with the 2 resins, the sample size is considered too small to decide reliably whether 1,6-HDDGE alone could serve as a marker allergen for both. Allergic reactions to p-tert-butylphenyl glycidyl ether and to phenyl glycidyl ether (PGE) occurred in 11.5% of the patients tested, with only moderate agreement. All patients positive to cresyl glycidyl ether (6.8%) also reacted to PGE. Of the hardeners tested, m-xylylene diamine was the most frequent allergen (13.8%), followed by isophorone diamine (5.7%). No reactions were observed to several substances, the test concentration of which may have been too low and will be increased in the future.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0105-1873.2004.00465.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    P66
Occupational contact dermatitis from glues (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd/Inc.
    Contact dermatitis 50 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective:  Exposure to adhesives and glues is common in occupation. We here analyse the data of patients with suspected contact dermatitis (CD) from glues recorded within the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK).Methods:  Data recorded between 1996 and 2001 within the IVDK were searched for patients who underwent patch testing because of suspected contact dermatitis from glues.Results:  Overall data of 829 patients were found, among them 336 with occupational skin disease. Allergic CD was diagnosed in 171/336 patients (50.9%), irritant CD in 24.7%. CD was mostly localized on the hands (72.6%), followed by the face (13.4%) and arms (3.9%). By far the most common cause of an allergic patch-test reaction was epoxy resin (EP): 18.2%(age- and sex-standardized proportion of sensitization) reacted to the standard EP based on diglycidylether of bisphenol A. reactive diluents and hardeners which elicited a positive patch-test reaction in 〉 5% of the patients were phenyl glycidylether and 4,4′diamino diphenylmethane respectively. Cresyl glycidylether was positive in 4.9%. (Meth-)acrylates which showed an allergic patch-test reaction in 〉= 5% of the patients were 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate, BIS GMA and triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate. Colophony was positive in 8.3% and p-tert-butylphenol formaldehyde resin in 4.1% of the patients respectively.Conclusion:  In our collective allergic CD was nearly 2-fold more frequent than irritant CD in patients with occupational CD from glues, epoxy resin components being the most important allergens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0105-1873.2004.0309gv.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimizing the patch-test concentration of para-tertiary-butylcatechol: results of a prospective study with a dilution series (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Contact dermatitis 48 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Para-tertiary-butylcatechol (PTBC), which has long been patch tested internationally at 1% and 0·5% concentrations, was recently shown to induce patch-test sensitization at the 1% patch-test concentration. In order to determine a safe patch-test concentration, we performed a prospective study with lowered patch-test concentrations. A dilution series of PTBC 0·25%, 0·1%, 0·01% and 0·001% (petrolatum, pet.) was tested on the upper back. Additionally, 0·25% PTBC was tested on the left upper arm to allow patients to carry out self-examination daily. Patch tests were read on D1–3, D7, D14 and D21 after patch-test application. Patients who were not able to return for all scheduled readings were telephoned and asked to report any reaction at the patch-test sites. 65 out of the 101 patients included completed the study. A positive patch-test reaction was observed in 4 patients during D1–D3, indicating previous sensitization. 1 patient had a doubtful reaction at D3 reading. Negative patch-test results were noted in 60 patients. None of the patients developed a positive patch-test reaction during the late readings (D7–D21). Thus, patch-test sensitization was not observed in any case. Para-tertiary-butylcatechol 0·25% pet. is recommended for patch testing internationally.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0536.2003.00070.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kontaktallergien bei Patienten mit Ekzemen des äußeren Gehörgangs Ergebnisse des Informationsverbundes Dermatologischer Kliniken und der Deutschen Kontaktallergie-Gruppe (2000)
    Springer
    Der Hautarzt 51 (2000), S. 239-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Gehörgangsekzem ; Kontaktallergie ; Medizinische Externa ; Neomycin ; Polymyxin B ; Key words External cannel otitis ; Contact allergy ; Topical therapeutic agents ; Neomycin ; Polymyxin B
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Background and objective. The Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK) centrally collects patch tests results in cooperation with the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group (DKG). Data of patients, who underwent patch testing to evaluate otitis externa were analyzed. Patients/Methods. Data of 145 patients that had been recorded between 1992 and 1997 were evaluated. The evaluation included data yielded by standardized patch testing as well as by patch testing of products that the patients had used. Results. Allergic contact dermatitis was diagnosed in one third of patients suffering from otitis externa. Topical drugs were shown to be the most important allergens. In comparison to the entire IVDK collective, the population-adjusted frequency of sensitization (PAFS) of neomycin sulfate was higher in the study population whereas that of nickel sulfate was lower. That shows that in a very specific topographic area, different allergens may be of clinical significance. Conclusions. Whereas nickel sulfate represents an important allergen in the contact dermatitis of the external ear, topical therapeutical agents, especially neomycin sulfate and, as evaluation of the patch tests of the patient's own products revealed, probably polymyxin B are the dominating allergens in otitis externa.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Hintergrund und Fragestellung. Ziel der Untersuchung war die Analyse der innerhalb des Informationsverbundes Dermatologischer Kliniken (IVDK) und der Deutschen Kontaktallergie-Gruppe (DKG) erfassten Daten von Patienten mit Gehörgangsekzemen. Patienten/Methodik. In dem Datenpool des IVDK wurden zwischen 1992 und 1997 145 Patienten mit Gehörgangsekzemen gefunden. Ausgewertet wurden neben den DKG-Testreihen auch die getesteten patienteneigenen Substanzen. Ergebnisse. Bei einem Drittel des untersuchten Patientenkollektivs wurde ein allergisches Kontaktekzem diagnostiziert. Inhaltsstoffe medizinischer Externa nahmen eine führende Rolle als Kontaktallergene ein. Im Vergleich der populationskorrigierten Sensibilisierungshäufigkeiten (PAFS) zeigte sich für Neomycinsulfat im Untersuchungskollektiv eine deutlich höhere, für Nickelsulfat dagegen eine deutlich niedrigere PAFS als im Gesamtkollektiv. Dies zeigt, dass auf topographisch engstem Raum unterschiedliche Kontaktallergene von Bedeutung sind. Schlussfolgerungen. Während Nickelsulfat am äußeren Ohr ein wesentliches Allergen darstellt, dominieren bei Gehörgangsekzemen die Inhaltsstoffe medizinischer Externa, insbesondere Neomycinsulfat und, wie die Auswertung der getesteten patienteneigenen Substanzen ergab, möglicherweise auch Polymyxin B.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001050051111
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