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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High glucose level inhibits capacitative Ca2 + influx in cultured rat mesangial cells by a protein kinase C-dependent mechanism (1997)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 40 (1997), S. 521-527 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Mesangium ; diabetes mellitus ; protein kinase C ; capacitative Ca2 + influx ; store-operated Ca2 + channels.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In cultured mesangial cells (MC), capacitative Ca2 + influx via store-operated channels (SOC) is potentiated by agents that release Ca2 + from intracellular stores, and inhibited by protein kinase C (PKC). Cells grown under high glucose conditions, as a model of the diabetic microenvironment, display reduced Ca2 + signalling in response to vasoconstrictors, probably due to downregulation by elevated PKC activity. Since SOC might be relevant to this phenomenon, we assessed Ca2 + influx by microfluorometry of fura-2-loaded rat MC cultured for 5 days in normal (5.5 mmol/l, NG) or high glucose (30 mmol/l, HG). The addition of 1–10 mmol/l Ca2 + to NG cells equilibrated in Ca2 + -free media induced an immediate Ca2 + influx with a free cytosolic Ca2 + ([Ca2 + ]i) plateau of 155 ± 50 and 318 ± 114 nmol/l, respectively. Basal influx was reduced to 88 ± 8 and 145 ± 17 nmol/l [Ca2 + ]i (1–10 mmol/l Ca2 + , p 〈 0.01) by 30 mmol/l d-glucose. This effect of HG was confirmed by Mn2 + quenching of fura-2, indicating reduced entry of divalent cations via the capacitative pathway. Equimolar l-glucose had no effect on Ca2 + influx, consistent with a non-osmotic mechanism. Arginine vasopressin (10 μmol/l) elicited weaker release of stored Ca2 + and subsequent influx in HG cells (191 ± 33 vs 153 ± 24 nmol/l, 400 ± 76 vs 260 ± 33 nmol/l, 1–10 mmol/l Ca2 + , NG/HG, p 〈 0.05). To examine the involvement of PKC in the effect of HG on capacitative Ca2 + influx, the enzyme was activated or downregulated by treatment with 0.1 μmol/l phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) for 3 min or 24 h, respectively. PMA acutely inhibited Ca2 + influx in NG cells, while PKC downregulation restored it in HG cells. Similarly, the PKC inhibitors staurosporin or H-7 normalized SOC activity in HG cells. In summary, impairment of Ca2 + influx via SOC by HG is one mechanism of the reduced MC [Ca2 + ]i responsiveness to vasoconstrictors. This event is mediated by PKC and may contribute to the glomerular haemodynamic changes in the initial stages of diabetes mellitus. [Diabetologia (1997) 40: 521–527]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050710
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seventh Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study Of Diabetes Southampton, England, September 15–17, 1971 Abstacts, Part 1 (1971)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 7 (1971), S. 467-486 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01212066
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multicentre comparison of the antihypertensive effect of acebutolol and hydrochlorothiazide in uncomplicated mild-moderate hypertension in the elderly (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 29 (1985), S. 275-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: hypertension ; acebutolol ; hydrochlorothiazide ; elderly ; cross-over trial ; blood pressure reduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary To evaluate the efficacy of acebutolol, 400–600 mg/day in elderly hypertensive patients, and to compare it with hydrochlorothiazide 25–50 mg/day, 45 patients with mild-moderate uncomplicated hypertension were treated for 6 weeks in a multicentre, single-blind, randomized, crossover trial. Acebutolol decreased supine systolic blood pressure from 186.5 to 162.7 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure from 107.4 to 92.4 mmHg. Hydrochlorothiazide decreased systolic blood pressure from 185.0 to 166.4 and diastolic blood pressure from 107.2 to 96.4. There was no difference between the effects of acebutolol and hydrochlorothiazide on blood pressure during the trial. Both drugs proved to be safe and effective antihypertensive agents, provided the major contraindications for their use were taken into account. Beta-blockade by acebutolol was highly effective in treating mild-moderate arterial hypertension in the elderly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00544080
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma renin activity does not predict the antihypertensive efficacy of chlorthalidone (1987)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 33 (1987), S. 221-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: renin-angiotensin system ; chlorthalidone ; hypertension ; multicentre study ; plasma renin activity ; dose prediction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary It has been established that angiotensin II stimulation may limit the antihypertensive potential of diuretic therapy in some patients. It is less clear, however, whether renin-angiotensin II stimulation is the cause of the flat blood pressure dose-response relationship to diuretics. To investigate this, 75 out-patients with essential hypertension were treated with chlorthalidone 12.5, 25 or 50 mg o.d. for 3 weeks, in a double-blind, placebo controlled cross-over study. Chlorthalidone significantly reduced blood pressure in all the groups, a plateau being reached at 25 mg o.d. Similarly, plasma renin activity was increased by each dose level of chlorthalidone, but it showed a different trend, being increased to a comparable extent at 12.5 mg and 25 mg o.d., and still higher at 50 mg o.d. Thus, greater stimulation of renin was coincident with the levelling of the blood pressure response to chlorthalidone. However no significant correlation was found between interindividual plasma renin activity and change in blood pressure, either in the entire series, or in each treatment subset. The data suggest overall that renin stimulation may influence the characteristic dose-hypotensive response relationship to diuretic agents in antihypertensive therapy, but it is unlikely that measurement of individual plasma renin activity will provide an useful guide to the optimal dose of a diuretic agents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00637552
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear bodies in endothelial cells of human glomeruli (1974)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 30 (1974), S. 1072-1074 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Riassunto Nel corso dello studio ultrastrutturale di una biopsia renale di un paziente con sindrome di Alport sono stati frequentemente osservati corpi nucleolari nelle cellule endoteliali glomerulari. Gli autori descrivono tale reperto e ne discutono il possibile significato.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01939017
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Postoperative lumbar discitis (1993)
    Springer
    European spine journal 1 (1993), S. 226-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Disque intervertébral ; Discectomie ; Infection discale ; Intervertebral disc ; Discectomy ; Disc infection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary We analysed 13 cases of lumbar disc infection following surgical discectomy. Two groups of patients were identified. The six patients in group A reported that the initial symptoms of discitis had appeared a mean of 15 days after surgery; on average, antibiotic treatment was started 31 days following operation and continued for 62 days, and symptoms regressed after 3.9 months. Four patients showed moderate changes, while two had extensive osteolytic lesions of one or both vertebral bodies adjacent to the involved disc. In the 7 cases in group B, discitis was suspected a mean of 5 days and antibiotics were initiated a mean of 8 days following surgery; on average, symptoms regressed 1.8 months after operation. Only four patients showed vertebral radiographic changes and none had marked destructive lesions. In both groups erythrocyte sedimentation rate exceeded 70 mm/h in cases in which discitis was suspected. Tomograms and magnetic resonance studies were the most diagnostic imaging studies in the initial stages of the disease. All patients obtained satisfactory clinical results at the last follow-up. Careful observation of the early postoperative clinical course usually allows detection of disc space infection. Early and adequately prolonged antibiotic treatment may shorten the course of the disease and avoid extensive osteolytic vertebral lesions.
    Notes: Résumé Nous avons analysé 13 cas d'infection discale lombaire à la suite d'une discectomie chirurgicale. Deux groupes de patiènts ont été identifiés. L'anamnèse des six patients du Groupe A a révélé que les signes initiaux de la discite sont apparus après un délai post-opératoire moyen de 15 jours; le traitement antibiotique a été commencé en moyenne au 31 e jour après l'opération, et a été poursuivi pendant 62 jours; les signes ont régressé après 3,9 mois. Quatre patients ont présenté des modifications radiologiques modérées, alors que deux d'entre eux ont montré des lésions ostéolytiques étendues portant sur l'un ou les deux corps vertébraux adjacents au disque atteint. Dans les 7 cas du Groupe B, la discite a été suspectée après un délai post-opératoire moyen de 5 jours, et le traitement antibiotique a été instauré vers le 8e jour après l'opération; les symptômes ont régressé à 1,8 mois en moyenne après l'opération. Quatre patients seulement ont montré des altérations vertébrales radiographiques et aucun d'eux ne présentait des lésions destructives marquées. Dans les deux groupes la VS dépassait 70 mm/h lorsque la discite a été suspectée. Les tomographies et l'IRM ont été les examens complémentaires les plus significatifs aux stades initiaux de la maladie. Tous les patients présentaient des résultats cliniques satisfaisants lors du dernier contrôle. La surveillance attentive de l'évolution clinique post-opératoire, permet habituellement de détecter la survenue d'une infection discale. Un traitement antibiotique précoce et de durée adaptée peut raccourcir lévolution de la maladie et empêcher la survenue de lésions ostéolytiques vertébrales étendues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298364
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The morphometry of the coracoid process – its aetiologic role in subcoracoid impingement syndrome (1999)
    Springer
    International orthopaedics 23 (1999), S. 198-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé  Des études d’anatomie morphométrique du processus coraco ont été menées sur 204 omoplates sèches. Aucune corrélation statistiquement significative n’a été trouvée entre la longueur, ou l’épaisseur, du processus coraco, la proéminence du point coraco, la pente coraco, la distance coracogléno et la position du point coraco par rapport au sommet de la gléno. Ces caractéristiques sont indépendantes des dimensions de l’omoplate. Trois configurations de l’espace coracogléno ont été identifiées: Type I, Type II et Type III. Les caractéristiques morphometriques qui peuvent prédisposer à une friction subcoraco ont été trouvées sur 4% des omoplates avec une configuration de Type I. Un total de 27 omoplates, 9 de chaque type de configuration, a été soumis à une tomographie osseuse. Les omoplates du premier type de configuration présentent un angle coracogleno de faible valeur, ce qui est connu pour être associé avec une distance coracohumerale faible. Les sujets présentant une configuration de premier type et un sévère rétrécissement de l’espace coracogleno, apparaissent être prédisposés à une friction coracohumérale. Ces caractéristiques morphométriques peuvent aisément être évaluées par tomographie osseuse.
    Notes: Abstract  Anatomical morphometric studies of the coracoid process and coraco-glenoid space were carried out on 204 dry scapulae. No statistically significant correlations were found between length, or thickness of the coracoid process, prominence of the coracoid tip, coracoid slope, coraco-glenoid distance, or position of the coracoid tip with respect to the uppermost point of the glenoid. These anatomical characteristics were independent of the dimensions of the scapulae. Three configurations of the coraco-glenoid space were identified. Type I configuration was found in 45% of scapulae and Type II and Type III, in 34% and 21% of specimens, respectively. The lowest value of the coraco-glenoid distance were seen in Type I scapulae. Morphometric characteristics which might predispose to subcoracoid impingement were found in 4% of Type I scapulae. A total of 27 scapulae, nine with each type of configuration were submitted to CT scanning. Scapulae with a Type I configuration were found to have low values for the coraco-glenoid angle and coracoid overlap, which are known to be associated with a short coraco-humeral distance. Subjects with a Type I configuration, and severe narrowing of the coraco-glenoid space, appear to be predisposed to coraco-humeral impingement. These morphometric characteristics may be easily evaluated on CT scans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002640050349
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prostaglandins and the kidney in diabetes (1992)
    Springer
    Acta diabetologica 29 (1992), S. 218-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Prostaglandins ; Thromboxane ; Diabetes ; Diabetic nephropathy ; Hyperfiltration ; Eicosanoids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The kidney is an active site of prostaglandin synthesis. These autacoids can influence renal haemodynamics, glomerular ultrafiltration coefficient, mesangial cell proliferation and matrix expansion. Due to these features, prostaglandins may contribute to virtually all the functional and structural alterations which characterize the different phases of diabetic nephropathy. Indeed, most of the experimental as well as clinical studies to date agree that renal hyperfiltration of early diabetes is partially dependent upon enhanced renal production of vasodilatory prostaglandins. By contrast, in long-term diabetes the reduced renal synthesis of prostaglandins and increased production of intrarenal thromboxane, be the latter derived from native glomerular cells or from infiltrating platelets or monocytes, would appear to contribute to the decline in glomerular filtration rate, glomerular basement membrane alterations and proteinuria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00573491
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mesangial cells in diabetes (1992)
    Springer
    Acta diabetologica 29 (1992), S. 227-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Cytosolic Ca2+ ; Diabetes ; Glycosylation ; Hyperglycaemia ; Mesangium ; Phosphoinositides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The glomerular mesangium is the site of prominent structural lesions in diabetic nephropathy, including excess deposition of extracellular matrix in a focal, nodular pattern. Increased single-nephron blood flow and filtration are early signs of glomerular involvement in diabetes, and may initiate or contribute to mesangial damage. Vasodilatation results from arteriolar insensitivity to vasoconstrictors. In turn, this may reflect primary metabolic defects of glomerular smooth muscle, including the afferent arteriole and mesangial cells themselves. Parallel alterations in the glomerular basement membrane and related structures, such as mesangial matrix, are likely to result from glycosylation of intrinsic proteins, or accumulation of advanced glycosylation end-products. Structural and haemodynamic changes account for (micro)-albuminuria, with additional possible overloading of the measangium. Mesangial proliferative changes eventually ensue, with excess matrix deposition and progressive fibrosis. Recent evidence that long-standing hyperglycaemia modifies mesangial metabolism, sensitivity to vasoconstrictors and matrix biosynthesis in vitro is reviewed here, in the light of its potential implications for experimental and human diabetic nephropathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00573493
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predisposing factors in degenerative spondylolisthesis (1997)
    Springer
    International orthopaedics 21 (1997), S. 337-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé. Nous rapportons une étude prospective analysant si des possibles facteurs prédisposant à un spondylolisthesis dégénératif (DS) doivent être présents en même temps, afin de provoquer un glissement vertebral. Les clichés standards et la flexion-extension ont été obtenus sur 27 patients avec DS et 27 sans olisthésis. Le niveau de la ligne intercrestal, l’angle lombo-sacré, la présence de sacralization de L5 et la mobilité vertébral au niveau L4 – L5 ont été déterminés. L’orientation des facettes articulaires ont été mesurées sur des tomodensitométries. Seules l’orientation des facettes articulaires et la mobilité vertébrale au niveau olisthétique étaient différentes de fa*on significative chez les patients avec DS en comparaison avec le groupe de côntrole. Les facettes articulaires sont orientées plus sagittalement aux deux niveaux olisthétique et aux niveaux au-dessus et en-dessous. Une corrélation linéaire inverse fût trouvée entre l’orientation sagittale des facettes articulaires et de la mobilité de la vertébre déplacée. L’orientation anormale des facettes articulaires et l’hypermobilité de la vertébre olisthétique semble jouer un role important, prédisposant au DS. Les deux facteurs doivent être pris en consideration pour la planification d’un traitement chirurgical.
    Notes: Summary. We report a prospective study analysing whether possible factors predisposing to degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS) must be present concomitantly in order to cause vertebral slipping. Standard and flexion-extension radiographs were obtained from 27 patients with DS and 27 without spondylolisthesis. The level of the intercrestal line, the lumbosacral angle, the presence of sacralization of L5 and vertebral motion at the L4 – L5 level were assessed. Facet joint orientations were measured on CT scans. Only facet joint orientation and vertebral motion at the spondylolisthetic level were significantly different in patients with DS compared with controls. Facet joints were oriented more sagittally both at the spondylolisthetic level and at the levels above and below. An inverse linear correlation was found between the sagittal orientation of facet joints and the mobility of the slipped vertebra. Abnormal sagittal orientation of facet joints and hypermobility of the spondylolisthetic vertebra appear to play major roles among possible factors predisposing to DS. Both factors should be considered in the planning of surgical treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002640050180
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