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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absorption of an aqueous solution of a new synthetic somatostatin analogue administered to man by gavage (1987)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 33 (1987), S. 167-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: somatostatin analogue ; oral formulation ; gastrointestinal absorption ; SMS 201-995 ; healthy volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary To determine the local gastrointestinal absorption of a new synthetic somatostatin analogue (SMS 201-995 = Sandostatin), an intestinal tube was passed in eight healthy volunteers and on different days an aqueous solution was administered at four different locations: stomach, proximal duodenum, ligament of Treitz and jejunum. In a follow-up study, an oro-ileal tube was passed in six of the original volunteers and the drug solution was administered in to the terminal ileum. The aqueous solution of SMS was rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after local application, and it was well tolerated. Absorption of the drug from the different sites was comparable, although there was a tendency to decreased peptide absorption after ileal administration. Absorption of the drug was quite variable between the subjects and the different locations. The dose-corrected systemic availability relative to subcutaneous administration in another study was 0.28%. However, significant plasma SMS concentrations were achieved, suggesting that oral delivery of the polypeptide may eventually be possible for long-term treatment of a variety of disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00544562
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intracolonic bioavailability of human calcitonin in man (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 43 (1992), S. 527-531 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Calcitonin ; Colonic administration ; Bioavailability ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacodynamics ; adverse effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Human calcitonin (hCT) injected into the lumen of the descending colon of normal human subjects was absorbed within minutes and could be recognized intact in plasma as shown by RIA in combination with reverse-phase HPLC. The absorption was low and variable, with bioavailabilities ranging from 0.01% to 2.7% relative to intravenously administered hCT (area under the concentrationtime curve). With intravenous hCT serum calcium was lowered and the fractional urinary excretion of calcium, phosphorus, sodium and chloride was significantly stimulated. With the intracolonic hCT, the fractional urinary excretions of calcium, sodium and chloride were also marginally stimulated relative to intracolonic vehicle (placebo). In conclusion, hCT is absorbed intact from the colon, but the bioavailability is low and highly variable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02285096
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential effect of food on kinetics of bromocriptine in a modified release capsule and a conventional formulation (1988)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 35 (1988), S. 535-541 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: bromocriptine ; pharmacokinetics ; food interaction ; modified release formulation ; prolactin inhibition ; pharmacodynamics ; side-effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of food on release of drug from a modified release capsule of bromocriptine 5 mg (Parlodel SRO) and a conventional formulation of bromocriptine 5 mg has been studied in 8 healthy male volunteers. Both formulations produced objective and subjective effects, such as orthostatic reactions, nausea, dizziness, vomiting and nasal congestion. The modified release capsule caused fewer side-effects than the normal capsule. Both formulations had less cardiovascular effect in the fed than in the fasting state. There was no significant difference between the normal and the modified release capsules taken fasting or after a meal in terms of the AUC extrapolated to infinity. The relative bioavailability of the 5 mg modified release capsule was 84.6% of the normal capsule under fasting conditions and 107.5% after food. In contrast to the virtually unchanged extent of absorption, the rate of absorption was markedly affected by food, especially from the conventional capsule. The mean time of 50% absorption increased from 1.06 h (fasting) to 3.2 h (fed), whereas for the modified release capsule food mainly resulted in an increased lag time of absorption. The almost instantaneous dissolution of bromocriptine from the normal capsule in vitro (both in HCl and fasting human gastric juice) and the delay of absorption after a meal in vivo suggest that the rate limiting step in absorption of the normal capsules is delivery of released drug from the stomach to the small intestine, which is delayed by food. Both the modified release 5-mg capsule and the normal 5-mg capsule showed extended suppression of prolaction over 36 h, in all subjects, both fasted and after a meal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00558250
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conscious sedation with propofol in elderly patients: a prospective evaluation (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 17 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aim: To characterize the safety of endoscopic procedures and propofol use as administered by nurses in a cohort of elderly patients.Methods: During 19 months all endoscopy patients 〉 70 years were eligible for this prospective observational study. Patients were assigned to group A (70–85 years) or group B (〉 85 years). Records from all patients 〈 70 years treated during the same period served as controls. Specially trained nurses administered the propofol and monitored for complications (decrease in the peripheral oxygen saturation, mean arterial pressure or heart rate).Results: There were 1435 endoscopic procedures in group A and 351 in group B. There was no procedure or sedation-related mortality, nor a significantly greater need for emergency intervention than in the control group. Two patients required short mask ventilation but recovered without sequelae. Compared with younger patients, there was a significant increase in risk for a short oxygen desaturation 〈 90% and a decrease in oxygen saturation 〉 5%. Arterial hypotension occurred significantly more often in the control group than among the aged patients.Conclusions: This present study documents that gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures are safe and well tolerated even in the very elderly. Nurse-administered propofol is a safe and reasonable sedation method in these patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01608.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fish oil (Eicosapen) is less effective than metronidazole, in combination with pantoprazole and clarithromycin, for Helicobacter pylori eradication (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 15 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In vitroω-3-fatty acids (Eicosapen) are bacteriostatic to Helicobacter pylori and have a variety of immuno-modulating effects.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To investigate the efficacy and tolerability of eicosapen (E) as an antibiotic-sparing component of a triple H. pylori eradication regimen in non-ulcer dyspepsia patients in a randomized, double-blind trial.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Non-ulcer dyspepsia patients (n=199), with a normal upper endoscopy and a positive 13C-urea breath test (UBT) were randomly assigned to either pantoprazole, clarithromycin and metronidazole (PCM) or pantoprazole, clarithromycin and eicosapen (PCE) for 7 days. Four weeks after treatment, H. pylori eradication was determined by UBT. Symptoms were followed up to 16 months.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:In the intention-to-treat population, PCM eradicated infection in 78% but PCE was successful in only 34% (P 〈 0.001). Symptomatic improvement occurred in both groups, and was not related to H. pylori eradication.〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusion:Eicosapen is unlikely to be useful in H. pylori eradication regimens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.00989.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Teaching fibreoptic intubation in anaesthetised patients (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 49 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: One hundred ASA grade 1 and 2 patients requiring orotracheal intubation for various general surgical procedures were randomly assigned to receive either expert rigid laryngoscopic or novice fibreoptic orotracheal intubation under total intravenous anaesthesia. Five anaesthesia residents in the 4th year, with no prior experience in fibreoptic laryngoscopy, participated in a fibreoptic training course, viewing two instructional videos and practising on the intubation manikin. Each resident intubated 20 patients in a randomised fashion either as an expert laryngoscopist or as a fibreoptic novice. The time (SEM) to achieve successful intubation was statistically different for fibreoptic and rigid intubation (77.2 (5.1) s vs 17.7 (1.6) s, p 〈 0.01). The time to achieve successful rigid laryngoscopic intubation remained constant over the ten intubations, whereas time required for fibreoptic intubation decreases significantly (p 〈 0.01). The learning objectives (fibreoptic intubation times in 60 s or less and with 90% or greater success rate on the first intubation attempt) were met by all residents. The haemodynamic profile was similar for fibreoptically intubated and conventionally intubated patients and there was no difference between the first two or the last two fibreoptive or rigid intubations. The study was designed to detect a difference of 10% in means (assuming β= 0.05 and 0.2). The incidence of postoperative sore throat, dysphagia or hoarsensess was similar in both groups. We conclude that routine fibreoptic orotracheal intubation in ASA grades 1 and 2 surgical patients is justifiable for teaching this valuable technique. since it increases clinical exposure to fibreoptic intubation, which should be learned and mastered by all anaesthetic residents by completion of their residency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1994.tb14187.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cardiovascular effects of fibreoptic oral intubation (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 47 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The cardiovascular response to fibreoptic oral intubation under total intravenous anaesthesia with propofol or a balanced volatile technique with thiopentone I enflurane was compared in 50 patients of physical status ASA 1 and 2 who were scheduled for elective ear, nose and throat surgery. Patients were randomly assigned to receive propofol or enflurane. There was no significant difference between the two anaesthetic techniques in haemodynamic profile either before, during or after fibreoptic intubation (the study design was adequate to detect a 20% difference with 〉 90% statistical power), in incidence of postoperative sore throat or in lime taken for intubation. In no patient did the oxygen saturation decrease to below 95% or the CO2 tension exceed 5.8 kPa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1992.tb04196.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of cholecystokinin in mediating GRP-stimulated gastric, biliary and pancreatic functions in man
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Regulatory Peptides 41 (1992), S. 119-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 0167-0115
    Keywords: Cholecystokinin receptor antagonism
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0167-0115(92)90041-R
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-performance liquid chromatographic method for the enantiomeric separation of the chiral metabolises of midazolam
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Chromatography A 609 (1992), S. 395-398 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9673
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0021-9673(92)80186-X
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-performance liquid chromatographic method for the enantiomeric separation of the chiral metabolises of midazolam
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Chromatography A 609 (1992), S. 395-398 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9673
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(92)80186-X
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