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  • 1
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Growth hormone-release inhibiting hormone (somatostatin) inhibits the gastric acid response to food in concious cats. We have confirmed that this tetradecapeptide blocks the food stimulated gastrin release. However, the inhibition of gastrin release is delayed relative to that of acid secretion, showing that the inhibition of food stimulated acid secretion is by a primary effect on the acid secretory mechanism. No evidence was found of potentiation of either the gastric acid output or serum concentration of gastric in response to food.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 140 (1986), S. 916-923 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 41 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Three new minor respiratory quinones have been isolated from the prokaryote Nocardia brasiliensis. Mass spectral, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies demonstrate these molecules represent new members of a cyclic menaquinone series.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 51 (1978), S. 397-402 
    ISSN: 0027-5107
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Beta adrenergic receptors ; Venous system ; Isoproterenol ; Epinephrine ; Prindolol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 28 mongrel dogs, venous return was completely drained from the caval veins, led to an oxygenator and returned to the femoral arteries with a pump. Blood pressures in both caval veins and perfusion rate were kept constant. Changes in the oxygenator weight were recorded and reflected changes in systemic venous blood volume. Isoproterenol and epinephrine (2–8 μg/kg) decreased systemic venous blood volume by up to 5 ml/kg. After denervation of arterial pressoreceptors, isoproterenol had a smaller and epinephrine a larger effect. After beta receptor blockade with prindolol (300–600 μg/kg), isoproterenol had no effect, whereas the epinephrine effect was smaller. After alpha receptor blockade with phentolamin (2500 μg/kg), epinephrine slightly decreased venous blood volume. Prindolol, administered alone, increased venous volume by 3 ml/kg. It is concluded that the systemic venous bed contains both alpha and beta receptors, and that stimulation of both receptor sites effects predominantly a venoconstriction which must result in an increase in venous return and in cardiac output. This effect should be considered, when beta receptor blocking agents are used in antianginal and antihypertensive treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Alpha adrenergic receptors ; Venous system ; Xylometazolin ; Norepinephrine ; Phentolamin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 29 mongrel dogs, venous return was completely drained from the caval veins to an oxygenator and returned to the femoral arteries with a roller pump at a constant perfusion rate. Blood pressures in both caval veins were kept constant by an automatic control system. The oxygenator weight was recorded and showed changes of the intracorporeal blood volume, i. e. of systemic venous blood volume since allowance was made for parallel changes in arterial blood volume. Xylometazolin (5–20 μg/kg) and norepinephrine (2–8 μg/kg), both infused within 3 min, decreased systemic venous blood volume by up to 7 ml/kg. After denervation of arterial pressoreceptors, nearly similar results were obtained. After beta receptor blockade with prindolol (600 μg/kg), the effects on venous system were unchanged. After alpha receptor blockade with phentolamin (2500 μg/kg), all effects were abolished. Phentolamin as such increased venous volume by 3 ml/kg. It is concluded that stimulation of venous alpha receptors effects predominantly a constriction of the systemic venous bed and hereby must increase venous return and cardiac output.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 74 (1979), S. 467-476 
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung An 9 mischrassigen Hunden wurde der gesamte venöse Rückstrom aus den Hohlvenen in einen Oxygenator geleitet und mit einer Rollerpumpe in die Femoralarterien zurückgeführt. Die Durchströmung des großen Kreislaufs und der Druck in beiden Hohlvenen wurden konstant gehalten. Das Gewicht des Oxygenators wurde registriert, um Verschiebungen von Blutvolumen zwischen dem Venensystem des großen Kreislaufs und dem Oxygenator zu erfassen. Der N. vagus wurde beiderseits im Halsbereich durchschnitten. Mit einer Pumpe wurde der Karotissinus beiderseits mit Blut isoliert durchströmt. In 25 Versuchen führte eine Steigerung des Drucks im Karotissinus um 15 bis 74 mm Hg zu einer Verminderung des systemarteriellen Drucks um 10 bis 57 mm Hg und zu einer Zunahme, des venösen Blutvolumens im großen Kreislauf um 1,1 bis 4,7 ml/kg. Im Durchschnitt änderte sich das venöse Blutvolumen um 1,25±0,08 mm Hg, wenn die Änderung des systemarteriellen Drucks 10 mm Hg betrug. Es wird der Schluß gezogen, daß der vom Karotissinus ausgehende Pressorezeptoren-Reflex die Kapazität des Venensystems des großen Kreislaufs erheblich beeinflußt. Dies muß am intakten Kreislauf den venösen Rückstrom und damit das Herzzeitvolumen verändern. Die erwarteten Änderungen des Herzzeitvolumens sind zwar klein, müßten aber ausreichen, um den arteriellen Druck erheblich zu verändern. Die Änderungen des Herzzeitvolumens können fast ebenso stark wie die reflektorische Beeinflussung der Widerstandsgefäße zu der Änderung des arteriellen Drucks beitragen, die durch den Pressorezeptoren-Reflex bewirkt wird.
    Notes: Summary In 9 mongrel dogs, venous return was completely drained from the caval veins to an oxygenator and returned to the femoral arteries with a roller pump. Perfusion rate of systemic circulation and blood pressures in both caval veins were kept constant. Changes in the oxygenator weight were recorded and reflected reciprocal changes in integrated systemic venous blood volume. The vagal nerves were dissected. The carotid sinuses were separately perfused with blood by means of a pump. In 25 experiments, increases in carotid sinus pressure of 15 to 74 mm Hg resulted in decreases in systemic arterial pressure of 10 to 57 mm Hg and increases in systemic venous blood volume of 1.1 to 4.7 ml/kg. On an average, systemic venous blood volume was changed by 1.25±0.08 ml/kg when the change in systemic arterial pressure was 10 mm Hg. It is concluded that the carotid sinus pressoreceptor reflex considerably alters the systemic venous capacity which in turn alters venous, return and cardiac output. These changes in cardiac output are expected to be small, but sufficient to alter the arterial pressure considerably. Thus, they might contribute nearly as much as the reflex effect on total peripheral resistance to the reflex control of arterial pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Wirkung von Dopamin auf den peripheren Kreislauf wurde an 19 narkotisierten Hunden in kardio-pulmonalem Bypass untersucht. Die Gesamtdurchblutung und der Druck in beiden Hohlvenen wurden konstant gehalten. Somit konnten die peripheren Wirkungen unabhängig von einer direkten oder indirekten Beeinflussung durch das Herz beobachtet werden. Dopamin wurde jeweils innerhalb von 3 min in 61 Experimenten infundiert. An Hunden mit intakten arteriellen Pressorezeptoren senkten Dosen von 25 und 50 μg/kg den mittleren arteriellen Druck um bis zu 7 mmHg; Dosen von 100 und 200 μg/kg senkten anfänglich den arteriellen Druck und steigerten ihn anschließend dosisabhängig um bis zu 33 mmHg. Das venöse Blutvolumen wurde um bis zu 4,2 ml/kg verringert. An Hunden mit denervierten arteriellen Pressorezeptoren waren die arteriellen und venösen Effekte stärker ausgeprägt. Nach Betablockade blieb die anfängliche Senkung des arteriellen Druckes unverändert, während die anschließende Drucksteigerung signifikant stärker ausgeprägt war. Es wird der Schluß gezogen, daß drei Wirkungskomponenten an dem Dopamin-effekt auf die peripheren Widerstandsgefäße beteiligt sind. Neben der bekannten alpha-adrenergen Vasokonstriktion gibt es zwei vasodilatierende Komponenten; eine dieser beiden wird durch Betarezeptoren vermittelt. Weiterhin bewirkt Dopamin eine Konstriktion des integrierten Venensystems des großen Kreislaufes. Bezogen auf den gleichen arteriellen Druckanstieg, ist die venöse Wirkung von Dopamin stäker als die von Noradrenalin und ebenso stark wie die von Adrenalin. Die Venokonstriktion muß zu einem gesteigerten venösen Rückstrom und damit zu einer Zunahme des Herzzeitvolumens und des arteriellen Drucks führen. Die Wirksamkeit von Dopamin bei der Behandlung von Schockzuständen beruht offenbar auf dem günstigen Zusammenspiel der aufgezeigten Wirkungskomponenten.
    Notes: Summary The effect of dopamine on the peripheral circulation was investigated in 19 anaesthetized dogs with cardio-pulmonary bypass. Perfusion rate and both caval vein pressures were kept constant. Thus the peripheral effects could be studied in the absence of any direct or indirect influences from the heart. Dopamine was infused over a time span of 3 min in 61 experiments. In dogs with intact arterial perssoreceptors, doses of 25 and 50 μg/kg effected a decrease in mean arterial pressure of up to 7 mmHg; doses of 100 and 200 μg/kg effected initially a decrease and subsequently a dose-related increase in mean arterial pressure by up to 33 mm Hg. Venous blood volume decreased by up to 4.2 ml/kg. In dogs with denervated arterial pressoreceptors, the arterial and venous effects were more pronounced. After beta receptor blockade, the initially effected decrease in mean arterial pressure was unchanged, whereas the subsequent increase in mean arterial pressure was significantly more pronounced. It is concluded that three components of action are involved in the effect of dopamine on the peripheral resistance vessels. Besides the well-known vasoconstriction mediated by alpha receptors, there are two vasodilating components, one of the two being mediated by beta receptors. Moreover, dopamine effects a constriction of the integrated systemic venous bed. When referred to the same increase in arterial pressure, the venous effect of dopamine is stronger than that of norepinephrine and as strong as that of epinephrine. The venoconstriction must lead to an increased venous return and hence to an increase in cardiac output and arterial pressure. The beneficial effect of dopamine in the treatment of shock appears to be due to the advantageous combination of these components of action.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-4994
    Keywords: excimer fluorescence ; ether lipids ; vesicles ; micelles ; lipases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We synthesized two isomeric alkyldiacyl glycerols containing pyrene as a fluorescent reporter group bound to the omega end of both acyl chains. If located in the phospholipid monolayer of a vesicle both isomers showed intramolecular pyrene excimer fluorescence, indicating parallel orientation of both pyreneacyl chains in the lipid molecule. In micelles only pyrene monomer fluorescence was observed. Thus, in this system the labeled lipids adopt a conformation with both pyreneacyl chains extending into different directions. Using vesicles, lipase activities could be continuously determined from the increase of pyrene monomer fluorescence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 20 (1975), S. 1123-1130 
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The histamine H2-receptor antagonist metiamide is an inhibitor of endogenous and stimulated gastric-acid secretion. It appears to have therapeutic possibilities in duodenal-ulcer disease. Three patients exhibiting the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome have been treated with this drug for six months or more. Rapid symptomatic improvement occurred in each case, followed by ulcer healing. There were also reductions in gastric secretion and consistent changes in the fasting serum-gastrin concentration. One patient relapsed temporarily during therapy. There have been no side effects. It is concluded that, in the short term, metiamide is of benefit in the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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