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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of the kappa agonist fedotozine on perception of gastric distension in healthy humans (1996)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 10 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background and Aim: Gastric hypersensitivity to mechanical distension has been observed in functional dyspepsia, but no drug is available that specifically acts on gastric afferent pathways to decrease gastric nociception. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of fedotozine, a synthetic ligand for peripheral kappa receptors, on human gastric sensitivity. Methods: Twenty-seven healthy volunteers were randomized to receive either fedotozine (30 mg t.d.s.) or a placebo, for 7 days. On day 7, the effects of fedotozine were tested on discomfort threshold and gastric compliance during graded isobaric and isovolumic distensions. In 16 of these subjects, the effect of this drug was tested on somatic sensitivity. In 10 other healthy volunteers the effect of fedotozine on gastric distension-induced inhibition of the RIII reflex, a process closely related to visceral sensitivity, was also studied. Results: During isobaric distensions, the discomfort threshold was significantly higher in subjects on fedotozine than in those on placebo (14.4±0.92 vs. 12.0±1.13 mmHg; P=0.04). Compared to placebo, fedotozine did not modify gastric compliance and somatic sensitivity. Fedotozine also reduced the inhibition of the RIII reflex induced by gastric distension. Conclusion: Fedotozine decreases gastric sensitivity to distension by exerting specific action on gastric afferent pathways.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.1996.109280000.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abnormal perception of visceral pain in response to gastric distension in chronic idiopathic dyspepsia (1991)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 36 (1991), S. 1249-1254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: dyspepsia ; gastric distension ; gastric accommodation ; gastric sensitivity ; gastric emptying
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Sensory and pressure responses to gastric distension were evaluated in 24 consecutive patients suffering from chronic idiopathic dyspepsia and 20 healthy subjects. A latex balloon was placed in the proximal stomach and inflated by increments of 100 ml of air up to a maximal volume of 800 ml. Symptom response and intragastric pressure-volume curve were recorded during the gradual balloon distension. Thirteen of the 24 patients experienced pain at a distension volume ≤400 ml of air, but only one of the 20 controls (P〈0.001). Intragastric pressure-volume curves were similar in patients and controls, and in patients with and without abnormal pain threshold, suggesting that a compliance defect was not the cause of the sensory anomaly. Gastric emptying of solids and liquids was measured in 20 of the 24 patients using a dual isotopic technique; psychological status was also evaluated in 18 patients using the Mini-Mult test. The frequency of the sensory anomaly was not different in patients with (7/14) or without (4/6) gastric stasis, but was lower in patients with (5/13) than in those without psychological disturbances (5/5,P〈0.01). Thus, a primary visceral sensory anomaly, either alone or in conjunction with motility disturbances, can play an important role in chronic idiopathic dyspepsia and must be taken in account for further therapeutic research.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01307517
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Symptomatic, radionuclide and therapeutic assessment of chronic idiopathic dyspepsia (1989)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 34 (1989), S. 657-664 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: gastric emptying ; radioisotopes ; gastroparesis ; dyspepsia ; gastrokinetics ; cisapride
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Twenty-eight patients with chronic idiopathic dyspepsia defined by the presence of chronic unexplained symptoms suggestive of gastric stasis and directly related to food ingestion were included in this prospective study. Gastric emptying of the liquid and solid phases of a meal was quantified by a dual-isotope method, and symptoms were evaluated by a diary and a visual analog scale. Delay in gastric emptying was evidenced in 59% of the dyspeptic patients; it occurred with liquids in more cases than solids. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of symptoms was of no practical value in predicting the presence of objective stasis. The dyspeptic patients were included in a double- blind randomized controlled trial of cisapride, a new gastrokinetic drug devoid of central antiemetic effects. After six weeks of cisapride treatment, all patients with initially abnormal gastric emptying rates for liquids, and all but one for solids returned to normal ranges, and significant differences between cisapride and placebo groups were observed for half emptying times of both solids (136±16 min vs 227 ±32 min; P〈0.02) and liquids (61±4 min vs 132±37 min; P〈0.01). Cisapride also significantly improved dyspeptic symptom scores at weeks 3 and 6 of treatment as compared to those measured before treatment. Nevertheless, the decrease in global diary score was significantly higher than that seen with placebo at week 3 (−16±6 vs −1±9; P〈0.05), but not at week 6 (−18±5 vs −10±8). The symptomatic effect of cisapride at week 3 was significantly more pronounced in patients with abnormal initial gastric emptying than in those with normal gastric emptying (−30±7vs −4±6; P〈0.02).These results underline the importance of objective evaluation of gastric emptying in the detection of patients with gastric stasis who exhibited the best symptomatic response to cisapride.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01540334
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Colonic inhibition of gastric secretion in man (1981)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 26 (1981), S. 195-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of colonic infusion of various solutions on submaximal pentagastrin-stimulated gastric secretion was determined in healthy volunteers. Hypertonic (823 mOsm/kg) glucose, mannitol, and saline, and also isotonic glucose significantly induced a marked and sustained inhibition of gastric acid secretion of 74%, 66%, 79%, and 54%, respectively. A similar degree of inhibition was obtained for pepsin secretion with hypertonic glucose and mannitol. Isotonic triglycerides and isotonic saline solutions had no significant effect on gastric acid secretion. Hypertonic glucose, mannitol, and saline infusions significantly increased plasma concentrations of enteroglucagon, whereas other solutions had no effect. No correlation, however, was found between the percentage rise of enteroglucagon and the percentage inhibition of gastric secretion obtained from any of the three hypertonic solutions. The physiological significance of these findings remains to be established.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01391629
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isotope studies in gastric emptying (1982)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 27 (1982), S. 571-572 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01296742
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of ethanol ingestion on postprandial gastric emptying and secretion, biliopancreatic secretions, and duodenal absorption in man (1986)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 31 (1986), S. 604-614 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Although abdominal complaints are frequent in both acute and chronic alcoholism, little is known of the effect of ingestion of ethanol with a meal on the function of the upper digestive tract. We have studied the effects of oral ethanol (1 g/kg body wt) taken with food on (1) the gastric emptying rate of a solid-liquid meal as measured by a dual radioisotope technique in six normal subjects; and (2) the gastric response (emptying and secretion), biliopancreatic secretions, and duodenal nutrient absorption after an homogenized meal, as evaluated by a gastroduodenal intubation-marker perfusion technique on seven healthy volunteers. In the latter experiments, radioimmunoassays of gastrin, secretin, cholecystokinin, pancreatic polypeptide, motilin, somatostatin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide were performed serially. As compared with the control experiment, alcohol induced the following effects: (1) marked delay of gastric emptying of solids, smaller slowing effect on gastric emptying of the liquid phase of the solid-liquid meal and of the homogenized meal; (2) no significant change in gastric acid secretion; (3) no change in the overall postprandial pancreatic enzyme outputs, but a delay of lipase secretion; (4) no change in the early bile salt postprandial output, but a reduced bile salt secretion from the second postprandial hour onwards; (5) no significant change in carbohydrate and lipid duodenal absorption; and (6) a significantly greater postcibal gastrin release. The mechanisms for these effects of alcohol on upper digestive tract function remain to be clarified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01318691
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gastrointestinal motility disorders (1986)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 31 (1986), S. 5-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A classification of gastrointestinal motility disorders is offered based upon the type of disorder in transit (delay or acceleration), and the region of the gastrointestinal tract affected. Specific abnormalities of myoelectrical patterns are identified when possible and related to disturbances in transit in the stomach and small bowel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01295987
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