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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of the cooling capacity of an RMC-Cryosystems Model LTS 4.5-025 closed-cycle helium refrigerator (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 62 (1991), S. 1309-1310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We have measured the cooling capacity of a recently purchased RMC-Cryosystems Model LTS 4.5-025 closed-cycle He refrigerator over the range 4–35 K. We find that the nominal cooling capacity of 250 mW is only met or exceeded over a narrow temperature range around 4.3±0.5 K, and that above this range, there exists a considerable region of much lower cooling capacity, not exceeding ∼100 mW. We believe this behavior results from use of a fixed-aperture Joule–Thompson expansion valve, and might be alleviated if the J–T valve could be adjusted to compensate for changing flow within the 5–20 K temperature range. Present performance may severely limit or prevent effective use in applications where an irreducible heat inflow exists which is greater than ∼100 mW, yet substantially less than the quoted capacity at ∼4 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1142490
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication of YBa2Cu3O7−δ/SrTiO3/La0.7Sr0.3MnO3−δ junctions for the control of supercurrent by spin-polarized quasiparticle current injection : The 7th joint MMM-intermag conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 7189-7191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Supercurrent suppression by the injection of spin-polarized quasiparticle current from a ferromagnet into a superconductor is demonstrated in YBa2Cu3O7−δ/SrTiO3/La0.7Sr0.3MnO3−δ junctions at 77 K. Negative current gains as large as 35 have been observed. The magnitude of the effect depends on the net polarization of the injection current, film resistivities, barrier microstructure, and injection geometry. Fabrication of the junctions is discussed in terms of optimizing these parameters for maximum supercurrent suppression. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.367676
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic and transport properties of radiation damaged La0.7Ca0.3MnO3.0 thin films : The 7th joint MMM-intermag conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 7070-7072 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetization and resistivity measurements are reported for a series of radiation damaged La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 pulsed laser deposited thin films. When plotted as a function of activation energy, trends in the electrical transport properties are similar to those exhibited in the magnetic properties. A sharp drop in both Tc and Tp in samples with activation energies greater than ∼110 meV suggests a "decoupling" of the magnetic and transport properties. The results suggest the magnetic order is no longer sufficient to delocalize the system of the extra disorder induced by the radiation damage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.367727
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of the histamine control on skin reactivity in skin testing (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 47 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1992.tb02251.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seed Germination (1962)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Plant Physiology 13 (1962), S. 437-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4294
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pp.13.060162.002253
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light-driven leaf movements (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 13 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Mature leaves of many plants re-orientate their laminae photonastically in response to non-directional light signals, and/or phototropically in response to directional light signals, by flexing of pulvini, most commonly subtending their bases. Physiological and structural specializations of the pulvinus enable it to flex, by rapidly undergoing differential and repeatedly reversible axial volume changes (expansion/contraction) in opposite sectors of its motor tissue. Light-driven leaf movements are adaptations that contribute to the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus in the leaf. The phototropic response maximizes the harvesting of photosynthetically radiant energy. The photonastic response to dark-to-light transitions increases the interception of light by unfolding the lamina. Another photonastic response modulates the interception of radiant energy by the lamina, allowing it to evade damage by light in excess of its photosynthetic capacity when the leaf is under stress. The same unidentified blue-absorbing pigment system appears to be involved in all these responses. Non-directional light signals are perceived in the pulvinus. Perception of directional light signals may be localized in other parts of the leaf in different plants: for example, the pulvinus in most leguminous species, and the lamina in malvaceous and at least one leguminous species. The perception of non-directional and directional light signals, their transduction to differential volume changes in the target cells, and their transmission between the two where the sites are separate, are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1990.tb01079.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ambient ozone exposure is associated with eosinophil activation in healthy children (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 31 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Eosinophil activation is characteristic for allergic airways disease. However, eosinophilic airways inflammation has also been observed subsequent to ambient ozone exposure.Methods For a population sample of 877 children living at nine sites with different ozone exposure we measured urinary eosinophil protein X (U-EPX) as a marker of eosinophil activation. U-EPX was determined from a single spot urine sample during autumn 1997. Children were participants in a longitudinal study of ozone effects on lung function.Results The 5–95% percentiles of ozone exposure (30-day mean before test) were 11.8–51.5 p.p.b. (mean: 31.6 ppb). U-EPX was measured by radioimmunoassay and expressed as ratio to urinary creatinine (µg EPX/mmol creatinine). Log transformation was performed to achieve a normal distribution. LogU-EPX was associated with gender, a diagnosis of asthma and atopy (skin test sensitivity to any of seven aeroallergens). LogU-EPX increased with ozone exposure for all children. The medians of LogU-EPX according to the first–fourth quartiles of ozone exposure were: 1.82, 1.88, 1.95 and 2.03. For 172 non-asthmatic children who had spent the whole summer at their site corresponding figures were 1.57, 1.78, 2.07 and 2.13. In a multivariate model with logU-EPX being the dependent variable and adjusted for gender, site and atopy, ozone was found to be significant (estimate: 0.007 µg/mmol creatinine per ppb ozone; SE:0.02; P 〈 0.001).Conclusion Our observation supports the hypothesis that ozone in healthy children is associated with eosinophil inflammation, most likely in the airways.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2001.01155.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relationship of eosinophil granule proteins to ions in the sputum of patients with cystic fibrosis (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 30 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Increased sputum levels of eosinophil granule proteins have been reported despite normal eosinophil numbers in peripheral blood and in the lung in cystic fibrosis (CF). Mechanisms of eosinophil priming and activation are still unclear in CF.In the present study we investigated whether ion concentrations in the sputa of CF patients are related to eosinophil activity.We assessed concentrations of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), eosinophil protein X (EPX), major basic protein (MBP) and ions (Na+, Cl−, Ca2+, Mg2+) in sputum samples of 29 children with CF as well as in 10 controls with bronchial asthma.Patients with CF demonstrated significantly higher levels of ECP, Na+, Cl− and Ca2+ levels than asthmatics (P 〈 0.04, P 〈 0.0001, P 〈 0.0001, P 〈 0.02). No differences were seen between concentrations of EPX and Mg2+ in the two groups. In CF, eosinophil granule proteins correlated significantly with Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations (ECP, P 〈 0.0001, r = 0.65, P 〈 0.0001, r = 0.66; MBP, P 〈 0.03, r = 0.41, P 〈 0.03, r = 0.42), furthermore inversely with Cl− concentrations (ECP, P 〈 0.0003, r = − 0.63; EPX, P 〈 0.02, r = − 0.45; MBP, P 〈 0.03, r = − 0.41) but not with Na+ levels. ECP, Na+ and Cl− were also correlated with lung function variables (FVC, P 〈 0.04, r = − 0.38, P 〈 0.02, r = 0.44, P 〈 0.03, r = 0.41; FEV1, P 〈 0.007, r = − 0.49, P 〈 0.006, r = 0.5, P 〈 0.008, r = 0.48; MEF50, P 〈 0.003, r = − 0.54, NS, P 〈 0.03, r = 0.42; MEF25, P 〈 0.039, r = − 0.4, P 〈 0.005, r = 0.51, P 〈 0.05, r = 0.37).Our results demonstrated a significant relationship of eosinophil degranulation and ions in CF, indicating that ion composition in CF sputa may be at least partly be responsible for high levels of eosinophil products despite low eosinophil numbers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2000.00988.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum eosinophil cationic protein, eosinophil protein X and eosinophil peroxidase in relation to pulmonary function in cystic fibrosis (1998)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 28 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Recently, increased serum levels of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in cystic fibrosis (CF) have been reported which were closely related to the levels in sputum. In the present study we investigated other eosinophil proteins such as eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) and eosinophil protein X (EPX) in sera of patients with CF and their relation to pulmonary function.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉MethodsSerum samples from 42 patients with CF and from 25 healthy control subjects were measured for ECP, EPO and EPX. Lung function tests were performed by using whole body plethysmographic technique, and the results were correlated with the levels of eosinophil granule proteins.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ResultsSerum ECP (median: 20.9 μg/L), EPO (median: 30.3 μg/L) and EPX (median: 37.9 μg/L) levels were significantly increased in CF compared with healthy controls (3.5 μg/L, P 〈 0.0001, 5.6 μg/L, P 〈 0.0001 and 14.6 μg/L, P 〈 0.0001, respectively) whereas eosinophil counts were not different. There was a strong correlation between the levels of eosinophil proteins and variables of pulmonary function, like between ECP and forced vital capacity (r = − 0.764, P 〈 0.0001). In addition, ECP concentrations were significantly related to the levels of EPO and EPX, albeit, in some patients with low ECP levels, increased EPO and EPX concentrations were observed.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉ConclusionThese results indicate that in patients with CF, ECP, EPO and EPX concentrations also were increased with a significant relationship between these three eosinophil proteins. Since eosinophil activity in patients with CF is strongly correlated with pulmonary function, the assessment of eosinophil granule proteins might be useful for clinical monitoring in CF.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.1998.00216.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vivo histamine release during the first minutes after deliberate sting challenges correlates with the severity of allergic symptoms (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Pediatric allergy and immunology 10 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3038
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In this study, deliberate sting challenge was investigated as a method for estimating the severity of anaphylactic reactions in bee venom-sensitized subjects. Twenty-one patients with previous anaphylactic reactions to field bee sting were subjected to a deliberate sting challenge (n = 32). To document anaphylactic reactions, plasma histamine levels were measured before, and then 1 and 2 min after, bee sting challenge. Eleven patients were re-challenged after 3–5 weeks. On 18 occasions, sting challenges caused no systemic reactions, in seven cases reactions were mild, in five moderate and in two severe. In all children showing systemic reactions, significant increases of plasma histamine were measured after 2 min. The results correlated significantly with clinical scores but not with skin prick test or with specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against bee venom. In patients developing local reactions only, no increase of plasma histamine was detected. The relative amount of released histamine correlated significantly with the severity of clinical symptoms. Significant histamine release occured during the first 2 min after sting challenge in children with subsequent systemic reactions and the severity of these subsequent anaphylactic reactions correlated with plasma histamine concentrations. The measurement of plasma histamine levels in the first minutes after challenge test may therefore be used as an objective marker of a potential systemic reaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3038.1999.101012.x
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