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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Interferon plus MPA ; Advanced renal cell cancer ; Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The response rates in metastatic renal cell cancer (RCC) after chemotherapy, hormonal treatment, or immunotherapy rarely exceed 15%. Recently, interferon alpha (IFNα) was used for treatment of this disease in several studies which also demonstrated response rates of 15%. In order to test whether IFN therapy combined with hormones would result in higher response rates we compared single agent IFN therapy with a combined therapy of rIFNα 2C plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in a randomized multicenter trial. The rIFNα 2C (2MU) was given s.c. 5 times per week for 8–12 weeks and subsequently once weekly until week 48. In the combined treatment, 750 mg MPA was given p. o. daily until week 48 in addition to the IFN as described. The overall response rate in 93 evaluable patients was 5.4%, corresponding to 2 complete and 3 partial responses. Median survival was 7 months in both treatment groups. These data confirm the ineffectivity of low IFN doses for treatment of RCC. The low response rate is not increased by addition of MPA to IFN. The analysis of other IFN studies suggests that not only IFN doses but also IFN sources may influence response rates in metastatic RCC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Urologe 37 (1998), S. 401-409 
    ISSN: 1433-0563
    Keywords: Key words Bulbourethral gland (Cowper) ; Syringocele ; Urethral inflammation ; Urethral stricture ; Postvoiding incontinence ; Perineal cyst ; Perineal abscess ; Schlüsselwörter Glandulae bulbourethrales Cowperi ; Syringozele ; Lokale Urethritis ; Postentzündliche Harnröhrenstriktur ; Postmiktionelle Inkontinenz ; Initiale Hämaturie ; Perineale Zyste ; Perinealer Abszeß ; Harnröhrenzyste
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Nach einem kurzen historischen Rückblick werden Klinik, röntgenologische und endoskopische Befunde an dem Cowper-Drüsensystem bei 172 Männern im Alter von 18–82 Jahren beschrieben. Die Analyse und die Beschreibung erfolgen nach der von Maizels und Mitarbeitern erfolgten Differenzierung der Syringozelen. Tumoren sind selten. Sie wurden in diesem Krankengut nicht gefunden. Isolierte Entzündungen des Drüsenkörpers wurden nur in 3 Fällen gesehen. Von 169 Männern mit nachgewiesenen Gangveränderungen hatten 9 eine geschlossene Syringozele: 3 perineale, 6 bulbäre, (urethrale) Form. Von der bulbären Form war nur eine obstruktiv. Von 160 offenen Syringozelen waren 56 weitlumig und hatten eine breite Verbindung zur Harnröhre. Diese Form der Syringozele hat keine große klinische Bedeutung. Sie kann gelegentlich hochgradig obstruktiv sein (s. Kasuistik). Von den 104 sog. einfachen, influxiven Syringozelen fanden sich bei 31 Männern lediglich durch den Influx verursachte irritative Symptome. 73 Männer hatten neben einer ausgeprägten Symptomatik deutliche pathologische Veränderungen am Gang und an der Drüse. Es fanden sich ausgeprägte lokale, topographisch typische Harnröhrenwandveränderungen bis hin zu hochgradigen und langstreckigen Strikturen der Harnröhre.
    Notes: Summary The history of Cowper Gland is described. Next the clinical, radiological and endoscopical findings in 172 patients (age 18 to 82) are evaluated with regard to the importance of these alterations in clinical practice. There was no tumor. In three cases, only the bulbourethral gland showed inflammation. Out of 169 syringoceles 9 were closed (3 perineal, 6 bulbar). Only one case of the urethral (bulbar) type of closed syringocele showed obstruction. There were 56 patients with various forms of dilatation and opening into the urethra. Only one case showed obstruction. Thirty-one out of 104 patients with so-called simple syringocele had mild dilatation of the duct, mainly normal gland and mild symptoms. Alterations of the urethral wall as well as clinical symptoms were noted in the remaining 73 men with irregular ducts and alterations of the gland; all of them had local urethral signs; in 42 there were extensive urethral strictures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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