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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Regional left ventricular function ; Aortocoronary bypass surgery ; Regionale linksventrikuläre Funktion ; Aorto-koronarer Bypass
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 20 konsekutiven Patienten (mittleres Alter 51,6 Jahre) mit der Diagnose einer stabilen, schweren Angina pectoris wurden aortocoronare Bypass-Operationen durchgeführt und insgesamt 60 Anastomosen gefertigt. First-pass Radionuclid Ventrikulogramme (18–24 mCi 99m Technetium Pertechnetat i.v.) erfolgten sowohl in Ruhe als auch nach maximaler Belastung im Durchschnitt 9,4±1,5 Monate postoperativ. Neben der globalen Ejektionsfraktion (GEF) wurde die regionale Ejektionsfraktion (REF) gemessen. Die REF wurde neu definiert und mit einer speziellen Technik erarbeitet: Jedes postoperative Radionuklid-Ventrikulogramm (RAO-Ansicht) wurde in drei Regionen unterteilt, entsprechend dem Versorgungsgebiet der drei Hauptkoronararterien und ihrer Äste. Die Größe und die Verzweigung der Koronararterien wurden auf dem präoperativen Kontrastmittel-Koronarangiogramm eingesehen. Die GEF verbesserte sich nach maximaler Belastung in 13 Fällen um 8,1%-Einheiten (von 50,5 auf 58,5%), blieb unverändert 3mal und verschlechterte sich 4mal um 7,1%-Einheiten (von 51,6 auf 44,5%; alle Änderungenp〈0,05). In komplett revaskularisierten Regionen (n=33) verbesserte sich die REF 24mal um 9,7%-Einheiten (von 51,1 auf 60,8%). Die Belastungs-REF änderte sich nicht wesentlich von der Ruhe-REF 6mal; in drei Fällen konnte eine Verschlechterung um 7,3%-Einheiten gemessen werden (von 48,6 auf 41,3%; alle Veränderungenp〈0,05). Komplett revaskularisierte Regionen reagierten auf Belastung wie normal perfundierte Gebiete (Anstieg um 7,8%-Einheiten; von 50,6 auf 58,4%n=7;p〈0.05). Die REF verschlechterte sich in inkomplett revaskularisierten Gebieten (n=9) 6mal um 12,8%-Einheiten (von 58,0 auf 45,2%), blieb unverändert 2mal und verbesserte sich 1mal um 4.5%-Einheiten. Die REF der Gesamtgruppe verschlechterte sich um 7,3%-Einheiten (von 56,8 auf 49,5%;p〈0,05). Die Belastungs-REF der inkomplett revaskularisierten Regionen war hoch signifikant schlechter als diejenigen der komplett revaskularisierten Regionen (49,5 gegenüber 58,4%;p〈0,01). Die GEF ist eine gewichtete Bilanz aller dreier Ejektionsfraktionen. Der wichtigste Parameter ist die REF des Ramus interventricularis anterior-Gebietes.
    Notes: Summary Twenty consecutive patients (mean age 51.6 years) with persistent severe angina pectoris underwent aorto-coronary bypass surgery receiving an overall of 60 anastomosis. On an average, 9.4±1.5 months p.o. first pass radionuclide ventriculograms (18 to 24 mCi 99 m Technetium-Pertechnetate i.v.) were performed at rest and after excerise. Besides measurement of global ejection fraction (GEF), regional ejection fraction (REF) was assessed employing for the first time a new technique: each RAO-view of p.o. radionuclide left ventriculogram was subdivided into three regions according to supply of the three main coronary arteries and their branches as visualized on pre-operative coronary angiogram. GEF improved after maximum exercise in 13 cases by 8.1% points (from 50.4 to 58.5%), remained unchanged three times and decreased four times by 7.1 points (from 51.6 to 44.5%; all changesp〈0.05). In completely revascularized regions (n=35) REF improved 24 times by 9.7 points (from 51.1 to 60.8%), did not differ from rest REF six times and decreased in three case by 7.3 points (from 48.6 to 41.3%; all changesp〈0.05). Completely revascularized regions responded to exercise like normally perfused areas (increase 7.8 points (from 50.6 to 58.4%;n=7;p〈0.05). REF deteriorated in incompletely revascularized regions (n=9) six times by 12.8 points (from 58.0 to 45.2%), remained unchanged twice and improved once by 4.5 points. Total group's REF decreased by 7.3 points (from 56.8 to 49.5%;p〈0.05). Exercise REF of incompletely revascularized regions was highly significant inferior to that of completely revascularized regions (49.5 to 58.4%;p〈0.01). GEF is a weighted balance of the three regional ejection fractions. The most important parameter is REF of LAD territory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Affective Disorders 17 (1989), S. 211-218 
    ISSN: 0165-0327
    Keywords: Cerebral blood flow ; Depression
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 15 (1989), S. 1-8 
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Cerebral blood flow ; 99mTc-HMPAO ; 195mAu ; SPECT ; Three compartment model ; Uptake kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The activity concentrations of 99mTc-HMPAO in brain after intravenous injection were evaluated in 25 patients using SPECT. With additional first pass studies of heart and brain with the short lived isotope 195mAu, the cardiac output and the mean cerebral transit times of the patients were measured a short time before the HMPAO injection. The time dependence of 99mTc-HMPAO activity in the brain was registered during the first 5 min after injection over both hemispheres. Using a simplified three compartment model it was possible to calculate the mean retention fraction of HMPAO in brain from the time activity curves. It could be shown that the regional cerebral blood flow in ml/min per 100 g can be calculated from the activity concentration of HMPAO in the brain, the cardiac output and the retention fraction. In 15 of the 25 cases the rCBF was measured using the planar 133Xe inhalation method as a reference. We found a significant correlation between the mean hemisphere CBF from our method and the mean hemisphere grey matter CBF from the Xenon method with a correlation coefficient of 0.73.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 8 (1983), S. 431-435 
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The use of the short-lived (30 s) isotope 195mAu in brain perfusion studies has been tested on 40 patients and 8 volunteers. The activity of the eluate from the 195mHg/195Au generator was high enough to give good image statistics of brain perfusion after a single bolus injection. The examinations can be repeated after 3 min giving the same quality and without significant background. The use of a low-energy photon peak at 68 keV (Au−Kα) allows the imaging of brain perfusion in both lateral views with almost no look-through effect. With a modified height-over-area formula for the calculation of regional cerebral blood flow parametric images were obtained of high diagnostic value. The sensitivity and reproducibility, of the method has been demonstrated by mental stimulation tests on eight volunteers: after optical stimulation a clear increase of blood flow could be shown in the visual cortex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Cerebral blood flow ; cerebral stimulation patterns ; short-lived isotopes ; 195mAu ; nondiffusible radiotracer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A previously reported theory for quantitative cerebral blood flow measurement for nondiffusible radiotracers has been applied to patients after stroke and to volunteers undergoing a mental stimulation exercise. Quantitative measurements of cerebral blood flow pattern in p-a and lateral projections of the brain are obtained using the short lived (30s) isotope 195mAu from the recently developed generator. The energy spectrum of the eluate from the generator shows two strong photon peaks, one at an energy level of 68 KeV and a second at 262 KeV. The low-energy peak is suitable for perfusion studies of the cerebral hemispheres in lateral projection, being without “look through” effect. The high-energy level is good for studies in the p-a-projection. Studies last less than 1 min and can be repeated after 3 min. Parametric images for quantitative regional cerebral blood flow can be generated, in which the avascular region following stroke can be detected. Quantitative activation patterns of cerebral blood flow during mental stimulation can be generated. The results show that it is possible to measure cerebral bloodflow patterns not only with freely diffusible indicators like Xenon but also with nondiffusible indicators.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: 123Iodobenzamide ([123I]IBZM) ; Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) ; Dopamine-D2-receptor ; Prolactin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract By the application of123([123I]IBZM), an iodine-labelled dopamine D2-receptor antagonist, brain D2 receptors in humans can be visualized with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The ratio of IBZM binding to striatal regions versus binding to frontal cortex (ST/FC ratio) provided a semiquantitative measurement of D2 receptor binding in the striatum. This study investigated the relationship between receptor occupancy and plasma prolactin levels in 12 male patients treated with haloperidol, benperidol or clozapine. Prolactin levels were positively correlated with D2 receptor occupancy, reflecting at least in part a comparable dopamine receptor antagonism in different dopaminergic pathways.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 26 (1887), S. 400-400 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 15 (1964), S. 728-740 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Austenitic cast iron materials in the chemical and petroleum industriesAustenitic cast iron materials are relatively new to Germany, though they are already much used abroad, especially in the United States of America and in Britain, in chemical research techniques because of their high corrosion resistance. There are varieties with laminar graphite as well as with globular graphite. These materials are easy to cast and, compared with austenitic steels, easy to machine. The varieties with globular graphite have favourable mechanical properties; some of them show elongation values up to 40 pC. They are proof against thermic shocks and therefore suitable for use in refineries and petro-chemical works. A newly developed variety with globular graphite shows cold-toughness to -196° C. Austenitic cast iron materials have a high resistance to caustic alkalis, alkaline solutions and sea water. The varieties with higher chromium content show, especially at high flow velocities, a higher erosion resistance than non-alloyed cast iron or carbon steel. They have an adequate resistance to various diluted mineral acids, organic acids and many salt solutions. Austenitic cast iron materials are mainly used for pumps, valves, pipes, reaction boilers, bubble caps, compressors and expansion machines. As far as their corrosion resistance is concerned, they fill a gap between cast iron and carbon steel on the one hand and the expensive stainless steels and non-ferrous alloys on the other hand.
    Notes: Austenitische Gußeisenwerkstofe sind für Deutschland noch verhältnismäßig neu, werden aber im Ausland, vor allem in den Vereinigten Staaten won Amerika und in England wegen ihres guten Korrosionswiderstandes in der chemischen Verfahrenstechnik vie1 verwendet. Es gibt sowohl Sorten mit Lamellengraphit als auch nit Kugelgraphit. Diese Werkstoffe sind gut gießbar und  -  im Verhältnis zu austenitischen Stählen  -  leicht bearbeitbar. Die Sorten mit Kugelgraphit haben günstige mechanische Eigenschaften; einige Sorten weisen Dehnungswerte bis zu 40% auf. Sie sind thermoschockbeständig und daher für Verwendung in Raffinerien und petrochemischen Werken geeignet. Eine neuentwickelte Sorte mit Kugelgraphit ist bis -196° C kalt. Austenitische Gußeisenwerkstoffe sind gegenüber Ätzalkalien, alkalischen Lösungen und Meerwasser gut beständig. Die Sorten mit höheren Chromgehalten weisen vor allem bei hohen Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten einen größeren Widerstand gegenüber Erosion auf als unlegiertes Gußeisen and Kohlenstoffstahl. Sie sind hinreichend beständig in verschiedenen verdünnten Mineralsäuren sowie in organischen Säuren und in vielen Salzlösungen. Die austenitischen Gußeisenwerkstoffe werden hauptsächlich für Pumpen, Ventile, Rohrstücke, Reaktionskessel, Glockenböden, Kompressoren und Expansionsmaschinen verwendet. Sie füllen hinsichtlich ihres Korrosionswiderstandes eine Lücke aus zwischen Gußeisen und Kohlenstoffstah1 einerseits und den teureren nichtrostenden Stählen und Nichteisen Legierungen andererseits.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 35 (1963), S. 451-452 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Der austenitische Gußeisenwerkstoff Ni-Resist D-2M„Ni-Resist“ ist ein in verschiedenen Ländern eingetragenes Warenzeichen. mit Kugelgraphit ist bis -;196 °C kaltzäh. Er hat ausgesprochen gute Gießeigenschaften, ist leicht zu bearbeiten und daher als Gußwerkstoff für Pumpen, Ventile und Kompressoren in Tieftemperaturanlagen besonders geeignet.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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