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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 40 Leberbiopsien von Patienten mit klinisch gesicherter intrahepatischer Cholestase wurden feinstrukturell-morphometrisch ausgewertet. Zusätzlich wurden im Serum der Patienten die Aktivitäten der „Cholestase anzeigenden Enzyme” bestimmt und mit den morphometrischen Parametern der Gallencapillaren statistisch korreliert. Es konnte so nachgewiesen werden, daß zwischen den Serumaktivitäten der Leucinaminopeptidase und der 5′-Nucleotidase einerseits und der Morphologie der Gallencapillaren andererseits statistisch gesicherte Korrelationen bestehen. Bei einer Erhöhung der Serumaktivität der Leucinaminopeptidase fand sich eine signifikante Erweiterung des Volumens der Gallencapillaren, bei erhöhter 5′-Nucleotidase im Serum war dagegen die Anzahl der Gallencapillarenanschnitte im elektronenmikroskopischen Bild signifikant erhöht. Auch bei vermehrter Gallengangsphosphatase war das Volumen der Gallencapillaren vergrößert, diese Korrelation konnte jedoch statistisch nicht gesichert werden. Für die alkalische Gesamtphosphatase und das Gesamtbilirubin ließen sich in den untersuchten Fällen keine Beziehungen zur Morphologie der Gallencapillaren nachweisen. Die erhobenen Befunde zeigen, daß bei intrahepatischer Cholestase der feinstrukturelle Leberbefund und das Enzymmuster der Cholestaseenzyme im Serum miteinander in Beziehung stehen und sich bei der Beurteilung des Krankheitsbildes ergänzen.
    Notes: Summary Reports on correlations between the activity of so-called “marker enzymes of cholestasis” in serum and the ultrastructural changes of the liver are rare. Therefore studies of ultrastructural changes were carried out in 40 patients with intrahepatic cholestasis. In the patients' serum the activity of alkaline phosphatase, bile duct alkaline phosphatase, leucine-aminopeptidase (LAP), and 5′-nucleotidase (5′-Nu) as well as the concentration of bilirubin were determined. The results showed a significant correlation between the morphometry of the bile canaliculi and the serum activity of LAP and 5′-Nu. In patients with elevated LAP, an enlargement of the bile canaliculi could be proved. An increased serum activity of 5′-Nu correlated with a higher incidence of bile canaliculi in the ultrastructural picture. The results suggest that investigation of the ultrastructure of bile canaliculi and the determination of marker enzymes of cholestasis in the serum may both contribute to the assessment of cholestatic liver disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 420 (2000), S. 99-102 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Bivalvia ; Nodipecten nodosus ; chromosomes ; NOR ; C-banding ; meiosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Earlier karyotypical work on Nodipecten nodosus embryos indicated that this species has a diploid number of 38, with six pairs respectively of metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes and seven pairs of subtelocentric chromosomes, although there were some difficulties in obtaining complete metaphases. The present work provides additional results on specific regions of the chromosomes in N. nodosus and, by meiotic studies, confirms the chromosome number with more reliability. Active nucleolar organizer regions (NOR), detected in mitotic metaphases from embryos, can be characterized in N. nodosus by a high level of heteromorphism of NOR-sites, indicating that these regions are not appropriate as chromosomal markers in this species. The procedure for detecting constitutive heterochromatin of chromosomes allowed us to observe most of the heterochromatic blocks at a pericentromeric position and some at telomeric and interstitial positions. The analysis of meiotic chromosomes from gonad tissue revealed the presence of 19 bivalents during metaphase I, all homomorphic and isopicnotic, confirming the previously described diploid chromosomal number of 38 for N. nodosus. From these results, some evolutionary aspects of the Pectinidae are briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A cytogenetic study on eight species of the genus Prochilodus, family Prochilodontidae, from different hydrographic basins of Brazil is reported. All species had a diploid number of 2n=54 and NF=108. Supernumerary heterochromatic chromosomes of variable frequency were detected in Prochilodus scrofa and in P. cearensis. To determine the occurrence and frequency of the supernumerary chromosomes in P. scrofa, specimens from different localities belonging to the basin of the Paraná river were analysed. The high karyotypic similarity detected demonstrated that, at least in these eight species, evolution occurred without marked changes in chromosome macrostructure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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