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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 5 (1995), S. S107 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The modern classes of contrast agents in the diagnostic areas of X-ray, magnetic resonance and ultrasound imaging offer safety and tolerance on a level which is difficult to further improve. The thrust of research is, therefore, now focused on efficacy, which basically means the development of organ and tissue-specific contrast agents. These new substance classes promise to open up faseinating possibilities and are represented in this review by specific agents that are currently undergoing preclinical or clinica evaluation. Reficulo-endothelial systems and hepatocyte-targeted agents enhance the tissue contrast of the liver and spleen, reducing the detection threshold and facilitating further characterization of focal liver lesions. With blood pool contrast agetns it is possible to delincate blood vessesl and obtain an angiographic effect for detection of areas of increased capillary permeability and occult bleeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
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    Unknown
    Berlin : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Kant-Studien. 75:1 (1984) 123 
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Human atherosclerotic plaque ; Phenotypic characterization of cell types ; Monoclonal antibodies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sections of human atherosclerotic plaques, obtained from 21 autopsy cases with various degrees of atherosclerosis, were stained with the indirect immunoperoxidase technique using specific monoclonal antibodies against macrophages and smooth muscle cells. Distinctive results were found in differing stages: Single blood monocytes were observed in diffuse intimal thickening and the foam cells seen in fatty streaks were mostly identified as mature tissue macrophages, while only very few blood monocytes were present. The spindle cells observed in fibroelastic plaques showed positive reactions to antibodies against desmin, which points to their derivation from smooth muscle cells, whereas only a few macrophage-derived foam cells were seen in these lesions. In the complicated lesions the majority of foam cells were macrophage-derived, but there was also a small number of foam cells positive to antibodies against desmin, suggesting a smooth muscle cell derivation. - Our results confirm that in human atherosclerotic plaques the majority of the foam cells are obviously macrophage-derived, which emphasizes the important role of macrophages in the morphogenesis of these lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 245 (1989), S. 89-90 
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 245 (1989), S. 768-770 
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 245 (1989), S. 776-777 
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 318 (1950), S. 352-393 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Gefäße des Penis wurden bei 42 Männern verschiedener Altersklassen untersucht. Ihre normalen Strukturen werden eingehend besprochen. Die Untersuchungen ergaben die Lebenskurve der verschiedenen Gefäßabschnitte, nämlich der Sperr- bzw. Polsterarterien, der arterio-venösen Anastomosen (Aa. helicinae) und der Drosselvenen. Besonders herausgearbeitet wurden die Altersveränderungen der Sperrarterien und der arterio-venösen Anastomosen. Die Altersveränderungen der Sperrarterien entsprechen in ihren wesentlichen Zügen der Arteriosklerose. Bei kreislaufgesunden, jedoch akut im Kreislaufschock bzw. Kollaps verstorbenen Männern fanden sich in den Polstern der Sperrarterien ausgedehnte Ödeme. Die Bedeutung der Altersveränderungen und der akuten Ödeme der Gefäßwand für ihre Funktion wird ausführlich erörtert. Die Penisarterien zeigen bei Systemerkrankungen des Gefäß-systems die gleichen Veränderungen wie andere Gefäßprovinzen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 12 (1961), S. 560-569 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Observations concerning primary and secondary passivationPotentiostatic and galvanostatic measurements in sulphuric acid electrolytes have been carried out on high-purity ironchrome alloys with chromium contents ranging from 5 to 70 per cent., as well as on high-purity chromium. These measurements were supplemented by the examination of passivation curves, using the galvanostatic insertion method.The passivation currents thus measured were found to differ considerably from the values known so far. The newly found values can be calculated with the aid of an approximation formula as a function of the chromium content. Apart from the “primary” passivation, it was possible, in the concentration range from about 10 to about 40 per cent. Cr, also to observe the „secondary“ passivation which is likewise governed by the current (i) / time (t) law characteristic for passivation generally: (i - i0) t = const. As this phenomenon is greatly dependent on the pH value of the electrolyte and on the presence of complex-forming substances, it is suggested that the phenomenon might be explained by the formation, due to hydrolysis of a second passivation layer.It is assumed that, in the state of “primary passivation” the alloys are covered by a very thin film comparable to that of passive chromium, and that this film is then covered by a “secondary” passivation layer of greater thickness, similar to the iron passivation layer.In the zone of primary passivation, the alloys are anodically dissolved over the whole area whilst, the zone of secondary passivation, strong pit corrosion can be observed.
    Notes: Es wurden an sehr reinen Eisen-Chrom-Legierungen mit Cr-Gehalten von 5 bis 70% sowie an reinstem Chrom potentionstatische und galvanostatische Messungen in Schwefelsäureelektrolyten durch geführt, die durch die Untersuchung von Passivierungskurven nach der galvanostatischen Einschaltmethode ergänzt wurden.Für die Passivierungsstrommengen wurden Werte gefunden, die von den bisher bekannten erheblich abweichen. Die neu ermittelten Werte lassen sich in Abhängigkeit von Cr-Gehalt der Legierungen durch eine Näherungsformel berechnen. Neben der „primären“ konnte im Konzentrationsbereich von etwa 10 bis 40% Cr auch die „sekundäre“ Passivierung beobachtet werden, für die ebenfalls das die Passivierung kennzeichnende Strom(i)-Zeit(t)-Gesetz (i-i0) = const. gilt. Wegen der starken Abhängigkeit dieses Vorganges von pH-Wert des Elektrolyten und der Anwesenheit von Komplexbildnern wird zu dessen Erklärung die hyrolysebedingte Bildung einer zweiten Passivschicht vor geschlagen.Es wird angenommen, daß die Legierungen im „primärpassiven“ Zustand mit einer sehr dünnen Schicht belegt sind, die mit derjenigen des passiven Chroms vergleichbar ist und auf der sich bei der „sekundären“ Passivierung eine dickere zweite Schicht aufbaut die einer Eisenpassivschicht ähnelt.Im primärpassiven Gebiet werden die Legierungen auf der ganzen Fläche anodisch aufgelöst, während im sekundärpassiven Bereich starke Lochfraßbildung beobachtet wird.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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