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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DNA-, histone-, RNA-, hemoglobin-content and DNA-synthesis in erythroblasts in a case of congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type I (1972)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 24 (1972), S. 32-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Erythroblasten eines Falles von dyserythropoetischer Anämie Typ I wurden mit Hilfe zytophotometrischer Techniken untersucht. Diese wurden kombiniert mit der autoradiographischen Analyse des3H-Thymidin-Einbaus in vitro. Bei einem großen Teil der Erythroblasten wurden hypertetraploide DNS-Werte beobachtet — das Substrat einer gestörten Koordination von DNS-Synthese und Zellzyklus. Die Fähigkeit zur DNS-Synthese ging häufig schon bei unreifen Eruthroblasten irreversibel verloren, was zu einer intramedullären Akkumulation von nicht proliferierenden und allmählich zerfallenden Zellen führte. Der Quotient der fast-green-Feulgen-Extinktion war erhöht. Dieser Befund wies auf eine Störung des Desoxyribonukleoprotein-Stoffwechsels bei unreifen Erythroblasten hin. Die RNS-Synthese war stark reduziert, was eine Störung der Hb-Synthese zur Folge hatte.
    Notes: Summary Erythroblasts of a case of congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type I were examined using cytophotometric techniques together with an analysis of3H-thymidine incorporation in vitro by autoradiography. Hypertetraploid DNA-values were observed in a high proportion of the erythroblasts, obviously resulting from a disturbed coordination of DNA-synthesis and the cell cycle. There was evidence that DNA-synthesis was irreversibly arrested in a high proportion of early erythroblasts giving rise to an intramedullar accumulation of non-proliferating gradually decomposing cells. The fast green-Feulgen extinction ratio was increased suggesting the presence of an altered deoxyribonucleoprotein metabolism in immature erythroblasts. RNA-synthesis was markedly reduced causing a disturbance of Hb-synthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01633140
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die embryotoxische Wirkung von Carmin bei der Maus (1970)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 131 (1970), S. 228-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die embryotoxische Wirkung von Carmin wurde an 2 Gruppen trächtiger Mäuse (NMRI/Han) nach subcutaner Injektion von Lithiumcarmin und Sodacarmin am 8. Tag der Gravidität geprüft. 10 Kontrolltiere erhielten 0,5 ml physiol. NaCl. Alle Tiere wurden am 19. Trächtigkeitstag schnittentbunden. Die Zahl der resorbierten, mißgebildeten und retardierten Feten wurde ermittelt und folgende Befunde erhoben: 1. Die Zahl der Resorptionen beträgt gegenüber 2% bei den Kontrollen nach Gabe von Lithiumcarmin oder Sodacarmin annähernd 20%. 2. Die Mißbildungsrate liegt nach Injektion von Lithiumcarmin um 16%, nach Injektion von Sodacarmin um 2,5%. Die häufigsten Mißbildungsformen sind Exencephalien und Rippen-Wirbelsäulen-Mißbildungen. 3. Die Zahl der retardierten Feten liegt nach Injektion von Lithiumcarmin mit etwa 4% unter der Kontrollgruppe (6,7%); bei Injektion von Sodacarmin ist sie mit 22% gegenüber den Kontrolltieren erhöht. Die Retardierungen sind am häufigsten im Bereich des Brustbeins und der Schädeldeckknochen lokalisiert. 4. Carmin wird ebenso wie Trypanblau im visceralen Dottersackepithel gespeichert. Die Bedeutung des Dottersackes beim Zustandekommen der embryotoxischen Carminwirkung wird diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary The embryotoxic action of carmine in pregnant mice has been investigated by means of subcutaneous injections of lithium carmine and sodium carmine at day 8 of gestation. The control animals were injected with 0.5 ml of saline. All animals were killed at day 19 and the number of resorbed, malformed and retarded fetuses was examined. The findings are as follows: 1. Following the injection of lithium carmine and sodium carmine, the number of resorptions rises to about 20% compared with about 2% in the controls. 2. Following the application of lithium carmine, the malformation rate is about 16% and following the injection of sodium carmine about 2.5%. Most commonly found are malformations of the ribs and of the vertebral column as well as exencephalies. 3. Following administration of lithium carmine the number of retarded fetuses is found to be about 4%. This is less than in the controls (6.7%). After injection of sodium carmine, the retardation rate is increased to approximately 22%. The most frequent retardations are localized in the sternum and the calvaria. 4. Carmine, similar to trypan blue, is concentrated in the visceral layer of yolk sac epithelium. The importance of the yolk sac as a nutritive organ of the developing embryo is discussed in the relation to the embryotoxic action of carmine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00520965
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die Gefäßversorgung des Corpus callosum der Katze (1969)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 128 (1969), S. 28-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Arterial supply ; Corpus callosum ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung An 27 Katzen beiderlei Geschlechts wurde die Blutversorgung des Corpus callosum untersucht. Dabei wurden folgende Befunde erhoben: Der Balken der Katze wird im Bereich des Rostrum und Genu sowie im vorderen und mittleren Truncuabschnitt aus der Arteria cerebri anterior versorgt und zwar über Äste, die den Arteriae pericallosae und den Arteriae genu corporis callosi entstammen. Diese Äste wurden als Arteriae callosi superiores und inferiores bezeichnet. Lediglich im hinteren Truncusabschnitt und im Splenium erfolgt die Versorgung neben Ästen der A. pericall. auch über solche der Arteriae cerebri mediae und posteriores. Die Blutgefäße treten dolchartig in den Balken ein, teilen sich dann baumartig weiter auf und gehen in ein Capillarnetz über, das in Richtung des Nervenfaserverlaufes ausgezogen ist. Auf in der Literatur bereits bekannte, aber oft vernachlässigte Besonderheiten der Arteria carotis interna und des Circulus arteriosus wird hingewiesen.
    Notes: Summary In investigations on 27 cats of both sexes, the arterial supply of the corpus callosum was studied. The findings are as follows: In the region comprising rostrum and genu as well as in the fore and middle trunk sections, blood supplied by branches of the arteriae pericallosae and the arteriae genu corporis callosi which originate from the arteria cerebri anterior. These branches were designated arteriae callosi superiores and inferiores. However, in the posterior section of the trunk and in the splenium the blood is supplied by branches of the aa. pericall. and, in addition, by branches of the arteriae cerebri media and posteriores. The blood vessels penetrate the corpus callosum in bayonet fashion, then arborise and finally become a capillary network which is elongated in the direction of the course of the nerve fibres. Attention is drawn to peculiarities of the arteria carotis interna and the circle of Willis which, although known in the literature, are rarely referred to.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00522492
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über das postnatale Wachstum des Corpus callosum der Katze (Felis domestica) (1970)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 132 (1970), S. 228-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Corpus callosum ; Postnatal growth ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das postnatale Wachstum des Corpus callosum der Katze wurde an 31 Tieren im Alter von 1 Tag bis zu 15 Jahren untersucht. Die Gehirne wurden durch Perfusion mit Bouinscher Lösung fixiert und in 21 Frontal- und 10 Sagittalserien zerlegt. Folgende Befunde wurden erhoben: 1. Die Breite des Corpus callosum — und damit die Länge der darin verlaufenden Axone — nimmt während der postnatalen Entwicklung von etwa 2,8 mm auf über 5 mm zu. Das Wachstum erfolgt in den ersten 50 Tagen und ist vor der Geschlechtsreife abgeschlossen. 2. Die an Frontalschnitten ermittelte Fläche nimmt von etwa 1,4 mm2 auf über 3 mm2 zu. Das Wachstum setzt um den 15. Tag ein und ist mit Erreichen der Geschlechtsreife noch nicht abgeschlossen. Die an Sagittalschnitten ermittelte Fläche zeigt einen ähnlichen Wachstumsverlauf und nimmt von etwa 6 mm2 auf über 11 mm2 zu. 3. Das aus Fläche und Breite errechenbare Volumen des Corpus callosum nimmt nach dem 15. Lebenstag zu. Das Wachstum hält während der ganzen postnatalen Entwicklungsphase an. Das Volumen des Corpus callosum erreicht bei einem Alter von 1 1/2 Jahren mit über 60 mm3 etwa das 3fache des Volumens bei der neugeborenen Katze. Bei Berücksichtigung der durch Fixierung und Paraffineinbettung bedingten Schrumpfung hat der Balken der erwachsenen Katze demnach ein tatsächliches Volumen von etwa 85 mm3.
    Notes: Summary The postnatal growth of the corpus callosum has been studied in 31 cats of various ages between 1 day and 15 years. The brains were fixed by perfusion with Bouin's fluid and cut in the frontal (21) and sagittal (10) planes. The following results were obtained: 1. The width of the corpus callosum which is a measure for the length of the callosal nerve fibres increases from 2.8 mm to about 5 mm. This increase takes place during the first 50 days of postnatal life and comes to an end before sexual maturity is reached. 2. The square area of the corpus callosum as measured in frontal sections increases from 1.4 mm2 to more than 3 mm2. The growth begins at about the 15th day and continues into adult life. The square area as measured in sagittal sections shows a similar pattern of growth and increases from 6 mm2 to about 11 mm2. 3. The volume of the corpus callosum as determined from the values for width obtained in frontal sections and from the values for square area as determined in sagittal sections, increases from about the 15th day after birth and continues to increase after sexual maturity is reached. At 1 1/2 years of age the volume of the corpus callosum is about 60 mm3, i.e. three times that of the newborn cat. When the shrinkage due to fixation and embedding in paraffin is taken into account, the volume of the corpus callosum in the adult cat reaches a value of about 85 mm3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00523378
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural observations on cell necrosis during formation of the neural tube in mouse embryos (1973)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 141 (1973), S. 251-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Closure of neural tube ; Cell necrosis ; Normal mouse embryos ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Spontaneous cell death in the developing brain of 8.5–9 day old mouse embryos has been investigated with the electron microscope. Before closure of the neural tube, areas of cell death are found at the neuro-somatic junction. After closure of the neural tube degenerating cells are found in the dorsal midline of the prospective diencephalon. Ultrastructurally, cell degeneration is marked by chromatin condensation, increase in electron density of the structures in the cytoplasm and, in later stages, by a marked pycnosis of the dying cell. After fragmentation, the necrotic material as well as entire pycnotic cells are phagocytized and digested by cells of the neuroepithelium. An invasion of macrophages has not been observed. The significance of cell necrosis is discussed in relation to the normal formation of the neural tube and to the occurrence of certain induced malformations (exencephalies).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00519046
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural changes of the early visceral yolk sac layer of mouse embryos after maternal injection of trypan blue (1978)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 153 (1978), S. 287-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Mouse embryos ; Visceral yolk sac ; Trypan blue ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructural features of the early visceral yolk sac epithelium of normal mouse embryos on day 9 were compared to those whose mothers had received a single subcutaneous injection of 100 mg/kg trypan blue on day 8. The following results were obtained: In normal embryos the visceral yolk sac cells are predominantly characterized by numerous membrane bounded inclusions localized in the supranuclear cytoplasm. In embryos of animals treated with trypan blue, at about 12h after injection large single and only partly membrane bounded vacuoles are observed occupying most of the apical cytoplasm. Up to 24h after injection large cytoplasmic areas are seen which are in a stage of autodigestion possibly due to leakage of the vacuolar content. These alterations are exclusively limited to the visceral yolk sac epithelium whereas in the cells of the embryonic part, e.g. head process, no changes could be found. The observations are discussed in relation to the mechanism of the teratogenic activity of trypan blue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315931
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Urinary antigens as markers of papillary toxicity. II: Application of monoclonal antibodies for the determination of papillary antigens in rat urine (1999)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 73 (1999), S. 233-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Key words Rat papillary antigens ; Monoclonal antibodies ; Papillary toxicity ; Urinary markers ; ELISA-tests
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have previously reported the preparation of monoclonal antibodies specific for antigens localized in the rat renal papilla. Three of the monoclonal antibodies reacting with antigens localized in papillary and cortical collecting duct epithelia were selected for the development of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-type assays. The papillary antigens (`PapA') determined in these tests were designated PapA1 (applying the monoclonal antibody PapX 5C10), PapA2 (applying the monoclonal antibody PapX 12F6), and PapA3 (applying the monoclonal antibody PapXI 3C7). Using these assays antigen excretion was determined in the urine of rats. Depending on the test compound used, the application route, and the dose, the observed antigen release patterns differed. Whereas after a single intraperitoneal application of 2-bromoethanamine or of propyleneimine an increased release of PapA1 but not of the two other antigens was observed oral application of bromoethanamine had minor effects. In contrast, both a single intraperitoneal application or repeated oral applications of indomethacin resulted in an increased release of all the three antigens. Daily application of ipsapirone in the diet or in drinking water resulted in significantly elevated urinary release of PapA1 which increased incrementally for the duration of the application. Release of PapA2 and PapA3 was not affected and remained in the normal range. These results show that with the tests developed changes in the rat renal papilla caused by xenobiotics can be detected early by urinary analysis and monitored during follow-up studies. Moreover, the different antigen release patterns obtained after application of the different compounds suggest a possible differing mode of action.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002040050612
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chondrotoxicity of quinolones in vivo and in vitro (1993)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 67 (1993), S. 411-415 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Quinolones ; Chondrocytes ; Dogs ; Arthropathia ; Proteoglycans ; Cytotoxicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Chondrotoxicity is a rare toxicological finding which is observed in dogs after administration of quinolone antibacterials. To study this effect chondrocytes from articular cartilage of dogs were isolated, and incubated with quinolone derivatives. The effects on cell viability, mitochondrial dehydrogenase, and proteoglycan synthesis were determined. These results were compared with in vivo findings in dogs treated with these quinolones. It was concluded that inhibition of mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity and of proteoglycan synthesis are major reasons for cartilage damage. Therefore this in vitro model is capable of identifying strongly arthropathogenic quinolones without the need of performing animal studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01977402
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nisoldipine (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Cardiovascular drug reviews 1 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1527-3466
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-3466.1983.tb00450.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DNA content of neurons in rat central nervous system
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Experimental Cell Research 60 (1970), S. 454-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 0014-4827
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-4827(70)90541-0
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