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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Anaesthesist 43 (1994), S. 183-186 
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter: Akute Bergkrankheit (ABK) – Höhenlungenödem (HLOE) – Mittlere Höhe – Hypoxie ; Key words: Acute mountain sickness (AMS) – High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) – Moderate altitude – Hypoxia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract. A 45-year-old, healthy, well-trained man climbed within 12 hours from 300 m above sea level to a shelter at 2500 m in the Tyrolean Alps. During the following 3 days he undertook ski tours to the surrounding mountains up to 3356 m. On the 4th day he suddenly suffered from headache, coughing and very severe dyspnoea even at rest, accompanied by loss of appetite and the feeling of suffocation. The following day he was rescued by a helicopter and taken to hospital. At the time of admission the patient was severely hypoxaemic (capillary PO2=25.7 mm Hg), and the chest X-ray revealed signs of bilateral alveolar pulmonary edema localised predominantly in the right lung. High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) was diagnosed because of the typical clinical course. Pulmonary gas exchange normalised within hours, and complete restitution was achieved within 2 days. The chest X-ray was normal on the 4th day after admission. HAPE is a non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema which develops in healthy individuals usually above 3000 m. Among the predisposing factors are rapid ascent, severe physical effort, diminished hypoxic ventilatory response and abnormal fluid balance. The treatment of choice is descent to a lower altitude, administration of oxygen and of nifedipine and expiratory positive airway pressure.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung. Ein 45jähriger, trainierter, gesunder Mann (L. J.) stieg innerhalb eines Tages von 300 m Seehöhe auf eine in 2500 m gelegene Schutzhütte in den Tiroler Alpen auf, von der aus er Tagestouren auf Gipfel bis 3356 m unternahm. Am vierten Tag kam es zum Auftreten von Appetitlosigkeit, Kopfschmerzen, Husten und zunehmender Atemnot bis hin zu schwerster Ruhedyspnoe. Am darauffolgenden Tag wurde der Patient mit dem Notarzthubschrauber geborgen und in ein Krankenhaus im Tal gebracht. Das Thoraxröntgen zum Zeitpunkt der Aufnahme zeigte ein bilaterales, alveoläres Lungenödem mit stärkerer Ausprägung im Bereich der rechten Lunge. Eine kapilläre Blutgasanalyse ergab eine schwere Hypoxämie (PcapO2=25,7 mm Hg). Der pulmonale Gasaustausch normalisierte sich innerhalb weniger Stunden, nach zwei Tagen fühlte sich der Patient beschwerdefrei. Ein weiteres Thoraxröntgen nach vier Tagen war unauffällig. Aufgrund dieses typischen klinischen Verlaufs wurde ein Höhenlungenödem (HLOE) diagnostiziert. Das HLOE ist ein nicht kardiales Lungenödem, das gesunde Individuen zumeist in Höhen über 3000 m befällt. Auslösende Faktoren sind ein zu rascher Aufstieg, starke körperliche Belastung, eine in bezug auf die bestehende Hypoxämie zu geringe Hyperventilation, sowie Regulationsstörungen im Wasser- und Elektrolythaushalt. Die vordringlichste und wirkungsvollste Therapie ist neben der Gabe von Sauerstoff ein rascher Abtransport ins Tal. Zusätzlich empfohlen wird die Anwendung von Kalzium-Kanal-Blockern (Nifedipin), um den beim HLOE erhöhten pulmonalarteriellen Druck zu senken. Eine deutliche Verbesserung des pulmonalen Gasaustauschs kann durch zusätzliche Applikation eines positiven endexspiratorischen Atemwegsdrucks erreicht werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 70 (1992), S. 735-739 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Kidney ; Calcium ; Phosphate ; Sodium ; Caries
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Clearance studies were performed for 2 days in two groups of age-matched young female volunteers: those with low caries prevalence and those with high caries prevalence. Both groups were kept on a low-calcium diet for 1 week and received 0.5 g calcium at the beginning of the second day. In both groups, glomerular filtration rate, urinary flow rate and renal excretions of sodium, calcium, and phosphate were subject to significant circadian variations. In both groups the administration of calcium led to a significant increase in renal excretion of sodium and calcium and a significant decrease in that of phosphate. On the first day, calcium excretion was significantly greater in those with low caries prevalence than in those with high caries prevalence, pointing to altered calcium homeostasis in this group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Conclusion The permanent pneumocyte-derived cell line L2 expresses the iNOS geneupon stimulation with distinct cytokines, which is accompanied by the release of NO. Thus L2 cells can be regarded as an appropriate model for investigating iNOS gene expression and nitric oxide functions in alveolar epithelial cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 43 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 53 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Personnel working in operating theatres and recovery rooms are exposed to a variety of noxious substances. The results of studies of the effects of occupational exposure on immune parameters are conflicting. Neopterin is an acknowledged marker of immunostimulation. Urinary neopterin levels of 58 anaesthetists and anaesthetic nurses were measured over a 3-week period. Neopterin analyses were performed using high performance liquid chromatography. Neopterin levels were within the normal range for all subjects. Younger subjects (aged ≤ 35 years) had significantly higher urinary neopterin concentrations than older subjects (aged 〉 35 years). The present study is the first to investigate the influence of anaesthetic exposure on neopterin levels. No evidence of immunostimulation was found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Mechanisms of Ageing and Development 47 (1989), S. 229-239 
    ISSN: 0047-6374
    Keywords: 2,3-DPG ; Age ; Gender difference ; Hb-O"2-affinity ; Hemoglobin ; Sex hormones
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Tachyarrhythmias ; Surgical intensive care ; Case control study ; Incidence ; Risk factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: Incidence, types, and factors associated with new onset tachyarrhythmias (TA) in surgical intensive care patients.¶Design: Pairwise-matched case-controlled study. Setting: Surgical intensive care unit (ICU) with nine intensive care beds. Patients: During a 1-year period, all TA patients (n = 89) were included in the study. Control patients (n = 82) without TA were matched according to age, sex, and surgical region. Methods: TA workup included: 12-lead ECG, arterial blood gas, serum electrolyte (K+, Mg2+), and serum CK/CKMB isoenzyme analysis. Pre-existing cardiovascular and pulmonary disease, cardiovascular risk factors, preoperative regular medication, and admission SAPS were recorded in all patients. A multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) score, the presence or absence of SIRS or sepsis, and hemodynamics (MAP and CVP) before onset of TA were evaluated in TA patients, while in control patients highest MODSscore, the presence or absence of SIRS or sepsis, mean hemodynamic and laboratory values calculated from highest and lowest readings during ICU stay were used for statistical comparison. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify variables multivariately associated with TA. Results: Eighty-nine (14.8 %) of 596 patients developed TA. Atrial fibrillation was most frequent (60.7 %). Presence of SIRS or sepsis (adj. OR = 36.45; 95 % CI: 11.5–115.5), high admission SAPS (adj. OR = 1.25/point; 95 % CI: 1.08–1.44), high CVP (adj. OR = 1.27/mmHg; 95 % CI: 1.09–1.48), and low arterial oxygen tension (adj. OR = 0.97/mmHg); 95 % CI: 0.95–0.99) were found to be significant predictors for development of TA. Conclusions: In surgical patients hypoxia, high cardiac filling pressures, a greater degree of physiologic derangement at admission, and the presence of SIRS and sepsis are independent risk factors for the development of TA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Moderate altitude ; Exercise ; Training ; P-50 value ; 2,3-DPG ; Erythropoesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of a ascent to moderate altitude (2,300 m) and altitude training on the O2-transport properties of Hb and their possible consequences on tissue oxygenation during exercise were studied on six control and six training subjects. A rapid increase in P-50 values (+2.4 mm Hg, 0.32 kPa) was measured within one day after ascent. At the end of the stay at altitude (13th day) P-50 values were higher in subjects performing training than in controls. At altitude a slow but constant increase in 2,3-DPG, pyruvate kinase activity and reticulocyte count was found, which was more pronounced in training subjects as compared to controls. Ascent to altitude resulted in a decreased maximal performance capacity (−9%), but both groups recovered during the stay. In training subjects maximal exercise performance was increased after descent. Exercise at altitude was performed at a lower heart rate (controls: −10/min; training: −18/min) and at a lower lactate concentration (−4 mmol/l). These data indicate a positive effect of adaptation to altitude on exercise performance. Training itself shifts the ODC to the right and adds this effect to the effects of passive altitude adaptation on the O2-binding properties of hemoglobin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Key words Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor ; Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ; TNFα production ; Tumour cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The syndrome of cachexia associated with malignant diseases can be in part attributed to the effects of tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) which itself is produced by a variety of tumour cells. We have recently reported that the human hepatoma cell line HepG2 expresses the TNFα gene and releases biologically active TNFα protein after stimulation with interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a glycoprotein necessary for the proliferation and differentiation of neutrophil progenitor cells in the bone marrow. In addition G-CSF has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory effects. In our study we tested the effect of recombinant human G-CSF (rhG-CSF) on TNFα production in HepG2 cells. It could be shown that rhG-CSF (250 U/ml) significantly reduced IL-1β-induced (300 pg/ml) TNFα gene expression after 1-h and 3-h incubation periods (TNFα mRNA concentrations were: 8.8±2.1 amol/µg total RNA after a 1-h incubation with IL-1β versus 3.8±1.3 amol/µg total RNA after a 1-h incubation with IL-1β + rhG-CSF and 13.8±2.2 amol/µg total RNA after a 3-h incubation with IL-1β versus 8.8±2.1 amol/µg total RNA after a 3-h incubation with IL-1β + rhG-CSF). From these data we conclude that rhG-CSF is a potent inhibitor of cytokine-induced TNFα production by tumour cells. Therefore, treatment of patients with malignant diseases with rhG-CSF might represent a useful tool to improve the tumour-associated cachexia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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