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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experience in scale-up of homogeneous perfusion culture for hybridomas (1991)
    Springer
    Bioprocess and biosystems engineering 6 (1991), S. 213-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0797
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A perfusion system for production of monoclonal antibodies was developed using an externally-mounted, hollow-fibre cartridge. The experimental apparatus was operated for 420 h and demonstrated increased steady-state viable cell concentration with increase in perfusion rate. Antibody titres were up to three times those measured for batch cultures and specific antibody productivity was doubled. The procedure was successfully scaled to a 10 dm3 system which produced antibody under conditions of Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP). A calculation of productivity between the scaled perfusion system and 260 dm3 batch cultures resulted in comparable antibody production, whereas the perfusion allowed a halving in medium utilisation. Reactivity assays conducted on the purified antibody from both batch and perfusion cultures showed no evidence of proteolysis or altered antibody activity in the final perfusion product. This study provides additional support for the use of homogeneous perfusion cultures in production of monoclonal antibodies under GMP conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00369714
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal imbalance errors and effective area in guarded hot plates (1986)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 57 (1986), S. 99-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An analytical equation is derived for the error heat flow due to thermal imbalance between the hot plate and the guard in the case of an infinite strip. Finite element calculations show that the same equation can be used for circular plates with negligible error. The equation can also be extended to square plates if corner effects are neglected. By combining the present solution and a previous one by Woodside [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 28, 1033 (1957)], an expression is derived for the effect of the distortion of heat-flow lines near the gap even when thermal balance is obtained. The availability of this expression opens the possibility of using larger gaps than previously, to reduce thermal imbalance errors. The use of two-material specimens (test material over hot plate, insulant over guard and gap) would lessen thermal imbalance errors, material requirements, and edge effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1139127
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hyperconjugation and Light Absorption (1951)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 167 (1951), S. 440-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] There is a hypsochromic shift of 300 A. in the absorption maximum of phenyl methyl ketazine on that of benzylideneazine1, due to the contribution of a shorter conjugated form: H8=C- CPh=N- N=CPh- C=HS to the total resonance system. The absorption maximum of the 2: 4 dinitro-phenylhydrazone of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/167440a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-frequency measurements of cyclotron resonance in a high-mobility 2D electron gas in GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 72 (1992), S. 4736-4738 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Cyclotron resonance in GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures, containing a high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG), has been investigated with the help of a resonator technique over the frequency range 26–34 GHz. Heterostructures with mobilities from 2×105 to 1.6×106 cm2/V s have been measured. The microwave conductivity of the 2DEG is well described by the Drude model and momentum relaxation time values are found to be close to dc values. The cyclotron mass was found to be 0.068±0.002m0.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.352081
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and Biological Properties of Some Unique Cytotoxic Steroids (1964)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of medicinal chemistry 7 (1964), S. 348-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm00333a022
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An unexpected cooling effect in Saturn’s upper atmosphere (2007)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 445 (2007), S. 399-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The upper atmospheres of the four Solar System giant planets exhibit high temperatures that cannot be explained by the absorption of sunlight. In the case of Saturn the temperatures predicted by models of solar heating are ∼200 K, compared to temperatures of ∼400 K ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05518
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetization reversal and magnetoresistance in a lateral spin-injection device (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 6682-6685 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have investigated the magnetization reversal and magnetoresistance (MR) behavior of a lateral spin-injection device. The device consists of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) system in an InAs quantum well and two ferromagnetic (Ni80Fe20) contacts: an injector (source) and a detector (drain). Spin-polarized electrons are injected from the first contact and propagating through InAs are collected by the second contact. By engineering the shape of the permalloy film distinct switching fields (Hc) from the injector and the collector have been observed by scanning Kerr microscopy and MR measurements. Magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE) hysteresis loops demonstrate that there is a range of magnetic field (20–60 Oe), at room temperature, over which magnetization in one contact is aligned antiparallel to that in the other. The MOKE results are consistent with the variation of the magnetoresistance in the spin-injection device. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.370504
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scanning noninvasive voltage probe operating at 4.2 K (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 2100-2105 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A noninvasive voltage probe, consisting of a one-dimensional channel, has been fabricated within a modulation doped GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure. With precision piezoelectric scanning equipment this probe has been brought to within 14 nm of a semiconductor device which includes surface gates and a 300 nm deep two-dimensional electron gas. Measurements of voltages applied to these conducting layers have been made at room temperature and at 4.2 K using the sensitive conductance of the one-dimensional channel. A voltage resolution of 0.48 mV has been observed at 4.2 K. Probe conductance measurements have also been made as a function of probe–sample separation. The conductance–separation data were fitted using a simple parallel plate capacitor model and a height resolution of 4 nm was calculated. Images of the sample layers have been obtained and a lateral resolution of 760 nm observed. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1351839
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multilayered gated lateral quantum dot devices (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 1134-1136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We describe a detailed device fabrication technique for the formation of a lateral quantum dot using a multilayered gated design. In our versatile system, a quantum dot is electrostatically defined by a split gate and two overlaying finger gates which introduce entrance and exit barriers to the dot. Periodic and continuous conductance oscillations arising from Coulomb charging effects are clearly observed in the transport properties at low temperatures. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.125961
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication and transport properties of clean long one-dimensional quantum wires formed in modulation-doped GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 2975-2977 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We describe the fabrication and transport properties of clean long one-dimensional quantum wires formed in high-quality modulation-doped GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures. In a 3 μm wire, we observe 25 conductance steps with no superimposed resonant features. With increasing split-gate length, we observe a crossover from ballistic towards diffusive transport, and in 5 and 6 μm wires, a reduction of conductance plateau values as large as 8% and 25% is observed, respectively. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.125206
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