Library

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A prospective study of pregravid oral contraceptive use in relation to fetal growth (2004)
    Oxford, UK and Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    BJOG 111 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective  Because oral contraceptives are so widely used, any health consequences may have substantial public health implications. Whether pregravid oral contraceptives could affect subsequent pregnancies has not been adequately studied. The study objectives were to examine whether pregravid oral contraceptive use affects fetal growth and pregnancy hormone levels.Design  A prospective study of pregnant women followed through pregnancy.Setting  A major teaching hospital in Boston, USA.Population  Two hundred and sixty Caucasian pregnant women, with a mean age of 31, and a parity of no more than two. Seventy-nine percent of the women were pregravid oral contraceptive users.Methods  Exposure and covariate data were collected through structured questionnaires. Blood was drawn for hormonal analysis during the 16th and 27th gestational week. Information on pregravid oral contraceptive use included duration and recency of use, and oral contraceptive formulation. Multivariate regression models were used to examine the effect of pregravid oral contraceptive use on birth outcomes and the studied pregnancy hormones.Main outcome measures  Birthweight, placental weight, gestational age, pregnancy hormone levels of oestriol and progesterone at 16th and 27th gestational week.Results  Adjusting for confounders, pregravid oral contraceptive use increased birthweight (mean difference =+207.3 g, 95% CI =+77.6 to +337.1) and placental weight (mean difference =+64.9 g, 95% CI =+13.0 to +116.9) compared with never use. Women with prior oral contraceptive use had higher levels of serum progesterone (P= 0.002) and oestriol (P= 0.12) at the 27th gestational week measurement. The effect on birthweight, placental weight and hormones was stronger among those using oral contraceptives in the previous year and those using a high progestin/high oestrogen potency preparation.Conclusions  Pregravid oral contraceptive use is positively associated with fetal growth, and this effect may be mediated through oestriol and progesterone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00232.x
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Age at menarche and age at menopause in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma in women (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    BJOG 108 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objectives To assess whether age at menarche, age at menopause, parity, and selected blood hormones are associated with risk of hepatocellular carcinoma among women.Design Case–control.Sample and setting Data collected from 50 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma among women and 62 female controls with minor trauma or surgical conditions who attended one of three hospitals in Athens, Greece between 1995 and 1998.Methods Researchers collected information on Reproductive variables and assayed sera samples for blood hormone levels and for chronic infection with Hepatitis B and C viruses.Results Individuals with hepatocellular carcinoma had a lower mean age at menarche and a significantly higher mean age at menopause. After adjusting for potential confounding, age at menopause remained an important and significant predictor, increasing the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma 24% for each later year of menopause (P 〈 0.001). For each year that menarche was delayed, risk of hepatocellular carcinoma declined 21% (P= 0.100). Mean levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 and its binding protein were significantly reduced in cases compared with controls, while levels of oestradiol, testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin were somewhat higher among the cases.Conclusions This study provides indirect, but converging evidence that steroid hormones in general, and oestrogens in particular, play an important role in the aetiology of hepatocellular carcinoma among women.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2001.00032.x
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induced abortions, contraceptive practices, and tobacco smoking as risk factors for ectopic pregnancy in Athens, Greece (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 98 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. A case-control study of the role of induced abortion and other factors on the subsequent occurrence of ectopic pregnancy was undertaken in 1986–1987 in Athens, Greece, where a similar study 20 years ago found a tenfold risk of ectopic pregnancy among women with one or more illegal induced abortions. Seventy women residents of Athens, consecutively admitted to the major state maternity hospital with a diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy, were individually matched with women with a newly diagnosed pregnancy of the same order as the ectopic index pregnancy. Two control women were found for each of 63 cases, but only one control for each of the remaining seven cases. All cases and controls were interviewed by the same qualified obstetrician. Statistical analysis was undertaken with stratification of individual matched triplets and pairs, as well as through conditional multiple regression procedures. The relative risk of recurrence of an ectopic pregnancy was 6.39 with 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.96–21.04. Miscarriages did not increase the risk of ectopic pregnancy. The relative risk for subsequent ectopic pregnancy among women with one or more induced abortion, compared to women without such abortions, was 1.87 (CI 0.84–4.16) controlling only for the matching factors, and 1.71 (CI 0.69–4.27) when marital status (a possible selection factor) was also accounted for in the conditional logistic regression. There was no evidence for increasing risk with increasing number of induced abortions. Past use of an intrauterine device (IUCD) was associated with a relative risk of 3.89 (0.72–21.02); the relative risk increased with the duration of use of the IUCD. Tobacco smoking significantly increased the risk of an ectopic pregnancy, the relative risk being 2.35 (CI 1.19–4.67). Legalized induced abortions, as currently practised in Greece, do not appear to increase the relative risk of ectopic pregnancy to a substantial degree.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1991.tb13370.x
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum immunoglobulin G subclasses in healthy infants and children in Greece (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of epidemiology 13 (1997), S. 151-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: Age ; Atopy ; Healthy children ; IgG subclasses ; Infections ; Socioeconomic status
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Serum concentrations of immunoglobulin IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4 were determined by radial immunodiffusion in a sample of 414 healthy Greek children, who were admitted to the major Teaching Hospital for Children in Athens for minor surgical operations. Statistical analysis was performed by multiple regression after logarithmic transformation of the immunoglobulin values. There was a statistically significant increase of IgG3 with age, whereas IgG1, IgG2 and IgG4 levels reached a turning point at the age of five years. Older than 5 years male children were found to have marginally higher IgG4 levels than females. Low socioeconomic class was positively and significantly associated (9% increase) with IgG1 levels only among the older age group. History of frequent infections was associated with a 16% increase of IgG1 levels in the younger (less than 5 years) (p = 0.01) and with a 47% increase of IgG4 among the older age group (p = 0.03). Atopic history was associated with a 16% increase of IgG1 in the younger (p = 0.02). The findings of the present study provide an insight on the determinants and the clinical significance of IgG subclass levels among children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007389320562
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Maternal age, parity, and pregnancy estrogens (1990)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 1 (1990), S. 119-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Keywords: Breast neoplasms ; estrogens ; maternal age ; parity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Total estrogens (TE), estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), and human placental lactogen (hPL) were determined by radioimmunoassay in the blood of 126 pregnant women during their 26th and 31st weeks of pregnancy and the results were studied in relation to maternal age and parity. Total estrogens and E2 were lowest among the youngest women (〈20 years) and highest among women aged 20–24 years, whereas older women (25 + years) had, on the average, intermediate values. For E3 the pattern was qualitatively similar to that of TE and E2 but less striking, and no maternal age pattern was evident with respect to hPL. Within maternal age groups, TE and E2 were higher among women in the first, than among those in their second, full-term pregnancy; the difference was about seven percent for TE (P=0.14) and about 14 percent for E2 (P=0.05). No parity patterns were evident with respect to E3 and hPL. There were fairly strong correlations between the determinations of the same hormone in the same woman during the 26th and 31st weeks of pregnancy; Pearson correlation coefficients were 0.60 for TE, 0.78 for E2, 0.60 for E3, and 0.72 for hPL. Since the risk of breast cancer increases apparently monotonically with maternal age at birth, the present data are equivocal with respect to the hypothesis linking levels of pregnancy estrogens to risk of breast cancer in the offspring. However, the data are compatible with hypotheses linking excessive pregnancy-estrogen exposure to conditions more common among first-born individuals, including testicular cancer and cryptorchidism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00053162
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Birth order and breast cancer risk (1991)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 2 (1991), S. 95-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Keywords: Birth order ; breast cancer ; case-control studies ; estrogens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: It has been hypothesized that prenatal exposure to maternal estrogens may be a risk factor for breast cancer in the offspring. In two recent studies, maternal estradiol levels in the first pregnancy have been compared to those in the second, and in both studies levels were higher in the first pregnancy. If both the hypothesis and the reported findings were true, women born as their mother's second child would be expected to have lower risk for breast cancer than first-born women. Data from 1,468 cases of breast cancer and 4,175 hospital controls from three previously published studies were modelled through multiple logistic regression to evaluate this possibility. The size of the woman's sibship was not related to breast cancer risk. On the other hand, second-born women had, as predicted, lower breast cancer risk than first-born women, although the difference was nominally significant only among premenopausal women. The relative risk for breast cancer, contrasting second-born to first-born women, and the corresponding 95 per cent confidence intervals, were 0.71 (0.54–0.94) among premenopausal women, 0.94 (0.76–1.17) among postmenopausal women, and 0.86 (0.73–1.02) among all women, controlling for menopausal status.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00053127
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nutrient intake and cancer of the pancreas: a case-control study in Athens, Greece (1993)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 4 (1993), S. 383-389 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Keywords: Case-control study ; diet ; Greece ; pancreatic cancer ; nutrient intake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In a hospital-based case-control study of pancreatic cancer conducted in Athens (1991–92), 181 patients with histologically confirmed cancer of the exocrine pancreas were compared with hospital patient controls and hospital visitor controls, individually matched to the cases by hospital, age, gender, and interviewer in a 1:1:1 ratio. All interviews were conducted in person in the respective hospitals. Diet was ascertained through a semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Nutrient intakes for individuals were estimated by multiplying the nutrient content of a selected typical portion-size for each specified food-item by the frequency that the food was used per month, and summing these estimates for all food items. Data were analyzed using conditional logistic regression, controlling for tobacco smoking and total energy intake as well as for mutual confounding influences among nutrients. Adjusted odds ratios (rate ratios) for pancreatic cancer, associated with particular nutritional variables, were expressed per increments approximately equal to the standard deviations of (the residual of) the respective nutrients, on a daily basis. The adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95 percent confidence intervals (CI) compared with other patient and visitor controls respectively, were: for polyunsaturated fat, OR=1.32 (CI=1.07−1.63) and 1.21 (CI=0.98−1.49); and for crude fibre, OR=0.80 (CI=0.64−1.00) and 0.65 (CI=0.50−0.86). No substantial, statistically significant or consistent, independent associations were noted for total energy, total protein, total fat, saturated fat, monounsaturated fat, dietary cholesterol, total carbohydrates, sucrose, vitamin C, vitamin A, riboflavin, or calcium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00051342
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epidemiologic correlates of breast cancer laterality (Sweden) (1994)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 5 (1994), S. 510-516 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Keywords: Breast cancer ; invasive ; laterality ; pre-invasive ; Sweden
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Breast cancer laterality was studied in relation to age in 80,784 cases of invasive and 3,835 cases of pre-invasive breast cancer in women and 548 cases of invasive breast cancer in men reported to the Swedish Cancer Registry, 1970–89. In a subset of 11,274 women with invasive disease, data on parity were available through the Swedish Fertility Registry. Laterality also was evaluated in relation to age and reproductive variables in 3,986 cases from an international study from the 1960s. The overall incidence of pre-invasive and invasive cancer was higher in the left than in the right breast among both women and men. The excess incidence of invasive cancer in the left breast was evident only after the age of 45 years in women; a similar phenomenon may exist with pre-invasive disease in women and in men. The age-dependent laterality pattern did not appear to be confounded by menopausal status. Among women younger than 45 years, nulliparity, right handedness, and late age at menarche was associated with a somewhat higher incidence of cancer in the right breast. The laterality findings are likely to be due to factors operating early in the carcinogenic process, perhaps at the pre-initiation stage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01831378
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aggregation of childhood leukemia in geographic areas of Greece) (1997)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 8 (1997), S. 239-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Keywords: Childhood leukemia ; environmental exposure ; Greece ; spatial clustering
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A total of 872 children aged up to 14 years, who were diagnosed withleukemia in Greece during the decade 1980-89, were allocated by place ofresidence to the 601 administrative districts of the country. Evaluation ofspatial clustering was done using the Potthoff-Whittinghill method, whichvalidly assesses heterogeneity of leukemia risk among districts with variableexpected numbers of cases. There was highly significant evidence for spatialclustering occurring particularly among children living in urban and, to alesser extent, semi-urban areas. The evidence was stronger for childrenyounger than 10 years old, applied also to children in different five-yearage groups, and persisted when cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia wereanalyzed separately. These findings provide support to the hypothesis thatlocalized environmental exposures could contribute to the etiology ofchildhood leukemia, but they cannot distinguish between exposures of physicalor chemical nature, nor can they exclude socially conditioned patterns ofexposure to infectious agents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018480515690
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relation of breast size to breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women (United States) (1999)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 10 (1999), S. 115-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Keywords: anthropometry ; breast cancer ; breast size ; case-control study ; risk factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: Breast size has been hypothesized to predict a woman's risk of breast cancer although studies in the main have not supported an association. In a large, population-based case-control study we examined whether breast size might emerge as a significant risk factor among very lean women in whom breast size might be a truer reflection of the volume of gland mass at risk for malignant change. Methods: The data derive from a population-based case- control study of women aged 50 to 79 years conducted in several New England states and Wisconsin. Incident cases of invasive breast cancer (n=2015) were identified through state tumor registries and controls (n=2556) were selected at random within age strata from population lists. Telephone interviews were conducted to obtain information on known and suspected risk factors which included bra dimensions (cup and back size) prior to a first birth, or at the age of 20 for nulliparous women. Results: We observed a significant positive association for cup size which was limited to women who were the most lean as young adults based on chest circumference. Among those reporting a chest size under 34 inches multivariate-adjusted relative risks were 1.34 (95% CI: 1.04 to 1.74) for cup size B, and 1.76 (95% CI: 1.04 to 3.01) for cup size C and larger, compared to a cup size smaller than B, and the trend for increasing cup size was statistically significant (P=0.005). There was no relation with breast size among women reporting an average or larger back circumference (34 inches or larger). Conclusion: Breast size before a pregnancy is a positive predictor of postmenopausal breast cancer, but this association is limited to those who were especially lean as young women.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008801131831
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...