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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Infectious mononucleosis ; EB virus infection ; Acute monocytic leukemia ; Fatal lymphoproliferation ; Infektiöse Mononukleose ; EB-Virus-Infektion ; akute Monozytenleukämie ; Lymphoproliferation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird über drei ältere Patienten berichtet, bei denen auf serologisch gesicherte, frische infektiöse Mononukleose eine tödlich verlaufende lymphoproliferative Erkrankung (Fall 1), eine akute Leukämie vom monozytären Differenzierungstyp (Fall 2) und eine akute Leukämie von wahrscheinlich monozytärem Differenzierungstyp (Fall 3) folgt.
    Notes: Summary Three elderly patients are reported, in whom serologically confirmed recent infectious mononucleosis is followed by fatal lymphoproliferation (case 1), by acute monocytic leukemia (case 2), and by acute probably monocytic leukemia (case 3).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 58 (1980), S. 1327-1337 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Patients with heavy injuries ; Plasma lipoproteins ; Essential fatty acids ; Parenteral nutrition ; Schwerverletzte ; Plasmalipoproteine ; Essentielle Fettsäuren ; Parenterale Ernährung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Patienten mit schweren Verletzungen nach einem Unfall leiden unter schwerwiegenden Störungen des Hormonhaushalts und des Stoffwechsels. Um die Ursache dieser Veränderungen und den Mechanismus des Fetttransports im Plasma in dieser kritischen Situation zu studieren, wurden die Lipoproteine und die Fetsäureverteilung im Plasma bei vier Patienten nach einem schweren Unfall und während der Rekonvaleszenz bis zu 30 Tage lang fortlaufend kontrolliert. Bei allen Patienten ist das Gesamt-Cholesterin im Plasma unter 100 mg/100 ml abgesunken, vorweigend durch einen Abfall des LDL-Cholesterins. Das HDL-Cholesterin ist aber auch vermindert. Die Triglyceridspiegel sind zunächst sehr niedrig, und der nachfolgende Anstieg ist auf eine Zunahme der VLDL-Triglyceride wie auch der LDL-Triglyceride zurückzuführen. So ergibt sich eine umgekehrte Korrelation zwischen HDL-Cholesterin und VLDL- sowie LDL-Triglyceriden. In den HDL fällt der Quotient aus Cholesterin und Phosphatiden von 1,4 auf 0,2 ab und zeigt damit deutliche Veränderungen in der Zusammensetzung dieser Lipoproteinfraktion an. Apolipoprotein B und der Proteinanteil der Lipoproteinfraktionen sind nach dem Unfall ebenfalls erniedrigt. Innerhalb 3–5 Tagen sind die Linolsäurespiegel in allen Lipiden der Lipoproteinfraktionen des Plasmas erniedrigt, am deutlichsten in den Cholesterinestern. Arachidonsäure ist nur bei zwei Patienten in den Phosphatiden erniedrigt. Als Parameter eines Mangels an essentiellen Fettsäuren in Geweben steigt die Eicosatriensäure (C20:ω9) in den Phosphatiden des Plasmas an. Die vollständige parenterale Ernährung mit Fettemulsionen führt zu guten Ergebnissen bei der Normalisierung der Plasmalipoproteine und der Verteilung der Fettsäuren und beeinflußt die Zusammensetzung von VLDL, LDL und HDL. Um die Spiegel von Linolsäure und Arachidonsäure in Plasmalipiden zu normalisieren, ist eine Zufuhr von bis zu 56 g Linolsäure pro Tag notwendig. Nach Abklingen der akuten Reaktionen von Kreislauf und Stoffwechsel können bei der kompletten parenteralen Ernährung von Schwerverletzten Fettemulsionen bis zu einer Menge von 30%–40% des Energiebedarfs verwendet werden.
    Notes: Summary Critically ill patients after a heavy accident suffer from major disturbances of hormones and metabolism. To study the origin of these alterations and the mechanisms of lipid transport through plasma in this critical situation plasma lipoproteins and fatty acid distribution were analyzed consecutively in four patients after a heavy accident and during convalescence up to 30 days. In all patients whole plasma cholesterol is reduced below 100 mg/dl, predominantly by a decrease of LDL-cholesterol, but HDL-cholesterol is also reduced. Triglycerides start with very low levels and the following increase of whole plasma triglycerides is due to increasing amounts of VLDL-triglycerides. Thus, a negative relationship between HDL-cholesterol and VLDL- as well as LDL-triglycerides was found. In HDL the ratio of cholesterol to phospholipids changes from 1.4 to 0.2, indicating major alternations in the composition of this lipoprotein fraction. Apolipoprotein B and total protein in lipoprotein fractions are also decreased by injury. Within 3–5 days linoleic acid levels are decreased in all lipid and lipoprotein fractions of plasma, but most pronounced in cholesterol esters. Arachidonic acid is only decreased in two patients in the phospholipid fraction. As parameter of essential fatty acid deficiency in tissues eicosatrienoic acid (C20:3ω9) increases in phospholipids of plasma. Total parenteral nutrition with fat emulsions obtains good results in the normalization of plasma lipoproteins and fatty acid distribution by influencing the composition of VLDL, LDL, and HDL. A supply of up to 56 g linoleic acid per day is necessary to normalize linoleic acid and arachidonic acid levels in plasma lipids. After cessation of the acute reactions of circulation and metabolism fat emulsions can be used in total parenteral nutrition of patients after injury in an amount of 30–40% of energy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 49 (1971), S. 199-205 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Phosphatide des Serums von Gesunden (n=30) und Patienten mit Hepatitis (n=2) und Lebercirrhose (n=12) wurden dünnschichtchromatographisch getrennt und quantitativ bestimmt. Die Gesamtphosphatide des Serums waren bei Hepatitis erhöht, bei Lebercirrhose ließ sich der Durchschnittswert vom Vergleichskollektiv nicht unterscheiden, die Standardabweichung war jedoch mehr als doppelt so groß. Lecithin war mit einer Ausnahme bei allen Patienten erhöht, Lysolecithin umgekehrt proportional zum direkten Bilirubin erniedrigt, Sphingomyelin nur gering vermindert. Die Phosphatidfettsäuren wurden im Serum von Gesunden (n=10) und Patienten mit Lebercirrhose (n=10), Cholangitis (n=2), chronischer Hepatitis (n=2) und Verschlußikterus (n=2) gaschromatographisch untersucht. Ölsäure und Palmitinsäure waren bei Lebercirrhose erhöht, die Linolsäure erniedrigt. Bei den anderen Leberkrankheiten wurden ähnliche, wenn auch nicht so ausgeprägte Befunde erhoben. In cirrhotischem Lebergewebe (n=2) war der Absolutgehalt an Lecithin unverändert, Kephaline stark vermindert, Lysolecithin und Sphingomyelin auf Kosten des Kephalin erhöht. Die Phosphatidfettsäuren zeigten eine Vermehrung der Palmitin- und Ölsäure und eine Verminderung der C18:2 und C20:4 Fettsäuren. In Lebercarcinomgewebe (n=1) war gegenüber der cirrhotischen Restleber der Gehalt an C18:2 unverändert, an C20:4 dagegen vermindert, an C16:1 und C18:1 vermehrt.
    Notes: Summary The serum phospholipids of healthy subjects (n=30) and of patients with hepatitis (n=2) and liver cirrhosis (n=12) were separated by thin layer chromatography. The fractions were determined quantitatively. Increased phospholipid levels were found in hepatitis. The average phospholipid levels in patients with liver cirrhosis were the same as in the normal subjects, but the standard deviation from the mean was twice that of the normals. Lecithin had increased in all but one patient; lysolecithin was inversely related to the direct serum bilirubin concentrations, sphingomyelin was only slightly decreased. The fatty acids of phospholipids in serum of healthy subjects (n=10), patients with liver cirrhosis (n=10), cholangitis (n=2), chronic hepatitis (n=2) and obstructive jaundice (n=2) were analysed by gaschromatography. In cirrhosis, oleic acid and palmitic acid were increased, linoleic acid decreased. Similar but not as marked results were obtained in patients suffering from other hepatic diseases. In cirrhotic liver tissue (n=2) the concentration of lecithin tended to be normal, the concentration of cephalin was lowered, those of lysolecithin and sphingomyelin were elevated. Increased palmitic and oleic acid levels and decreased C18:2 and C20:4 fatty acid levels were observed. In cancerous tissue of the liver (n=1) the content of C18:2 fatty acids was unchanged. The percentage of C20:4 fatty acids however was lowered, those of C16:1 and C18:1 fatty acids were elevated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Gout ; Hypoxanthineguanine-phosphoribosyltransferase ; Partial deficiency ; Physicochemical properties ; Gicht ; Hypoxanthinguaninphos-phoribosyltransferase ; Verminderte Aktivität ; Physikochemische Eigenschaften
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei einem Gichtpatienten mit verminderter Aktivität der HGPRTase wurde dieses Enzym aus Erythrozyten und Fibroblasten näher untersucht. Die HGPRTase des Patienten weist im Vergleich zu den Kontrollen unterschiedliche kinetische und physikalische Eigenschaften auf. Der apparente Km-Wert des ungereinigten Erythrozytenenzyms des Patienten ist für die Substrate Hypoxanthin und Guanin höher, für PRPP niedriger als bei Normalpersonen. Das Erythrozytenenzym des Patienten ist bei +4°C und +80°C stabiler, das Enzym aus Fibroblasten bei +57°C dagegen labiler als die Kontrollen. Ein Hemmstoff der HGPRTase beim Patienten konnte nicht gefunden werden. Purinnukleoside und-nukleotide hemmen die Aktivität der HGPRTase aus Erythrozyten bei dem Patienten und Normalpersonen unterschiedlich. Die Saccharosegradientenultrazentrifugation von Hämolysat führt sowohl beim Patienten als auch bei den Kontrollen zum Auftreten eines einzigen Peaks von HGPRTase-Aktivität mit identischer Sedimentationskonstanten. Die bei unserem Gichtpatienten erhobenen Befunde sind mit einer Strukturgenmutation vereinbar.
    Notes: Summary Some physicochemical properties of HGPRTase were studied in hemolysates and fibroblasts of a gout patient with partial deficiency of this enzyme. In comparison to normal HGPRTase the mutant enzyme from erythrocytes was found to have an elevated apparent Km-value for hypoxanthine and guanine and a lower Km-value for PRPP. The patient's enzyme from erythrocytes is more stable at +4°C and +80°C, the enzyme from fibroblasts more labile than that of controls. The inhibition of the mutant enzyme by some purine nucleosides and-nucleotides differed from that found in controls. No evidence was shown for an inhibitor of the patient's HGPRTase from erythrocytes. Ultracentrifugation of hemolysate in a saccharose gradient revealed no difference in the sedimentation coefficient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 61 (1983), S. 1123-1130 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: FHC ; Coronary atherosclerosis ; Non-cardiac atherosclerosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Among 64 patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FHC) confirmed by tissue culture of skin fibroblasts (3 homozygotes, 9 heterozygotes) 12 (3 homozygotes, 9 heterozygotes) had signs of atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries and of the peripheral arteries (extracardiac vasculature). 8 heterozygotes as well as the three homozygotes had coronary atherosclerosis. Three of the 12 patients with carotid artery disease suffered from clinical symptoms of cerebrovascular insufficiency. Only five patients with heterozygous FHC had symptomatic peripheral artery disease though 10 including the three homozygotes had signs of atherosclerosis of the abdominal aorta and its peripheral branches. It is concluded that patients with FHC develop generalized atherosclerosis but not always symptoms of peripheral artery disease. Risk factors other than hypercholesterolemia do not seem to contribute essentially to the development of atherosclerosis. It seems important to evaluate patients with FHC regularly for atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries which might be recognized earlier than coronary atherosclerosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 64 (1986), S. 1211-1211 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Myoadenylate-(adenylate-, AMP-)deaminase deficiency ; D-ribose, metabolism ; Dribose, untoward effects ; Hyperuricemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A 55 years old patient suffering from exercise-induced muscle pain and stiffness due to primary myoadenylate deaminase deficiency has been successfully treated with D-ribose since 1984: single doses of 4 grams administered at the beginning of exercise prevented the symptoms completely; on continuation of exercise this dose had to be repeated all 10–30 min. Total doses of 50–60 g per day were tolerated without side-effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Linolenic acid ; Eicosapentaenoic acid ; Prostaglandins ; Arteriosclerosis ; Prevention
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Platelet aggregation, bleeding time, prostaglandin biosynthesis and plasma cholesterol fatty acids were investigated in 12 healthy females (25–32 years), who were given different amounts of linolenic acid (0%, 4%, 8%, 12%, 16% of total energy intake) or eicosapentaenoic acid (1.7%) with formula diets for 2 weeks each. Linolenic and eicosapentaenoic acids prolonged the bleeding time and inhibited platelet aggregation and prostaglandin biosynthesis. These effects became apparent after a linolenic acid intake of 12% of the energy intake. A decrease in PGE in 24 h urine was observed after intake of linolenic acid amounting to 8% of energy intake. Eicosapentaenoic acid influenced all parameters measured ten times more than linolenic acid. Linolenic acid intake had no effect on the ratio of linoleic/arachidonic acids in plasma cholesterol esters in contrast to in vitro findings. Thus energy intake comprising 1.7% of eicosapentaenoic acid is sufficient to affect thrombocyte function in man. The concomitant intake of linolenic-type fatty acids inhibits the biosynthesis of prostaglandins E2 and F2α to different degrees.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Polyenylphosphatidylcholine ; Serum lipoproteins ; Nutrition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Polyenylphosphatidylcholine was given orally in a dosage of 10 g per day to 10 healthy subjects for 4 weeks. The concentrations of cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, apolipoproteins AI, AII, and B were measured in serum, as were very low density lipoproteins, low density lipoproteins, and high density lipoproteins every 3 h on the day before and after the 4 weeks of application. The diet was controlled 10 days before and during the experiment using the dietary recall method. The evaluation of the diet records showed that 5 subjects had increased and 5 subjects had decreased their fat consumption in exchange for carbohydrates during the experiment. Nevertheless body weight remained constant within ±1 kg. Cholesterol in serum and low density lipoprotein decreased, but the differences were not statistically significant. In spite of dietary changes apolipoprotein AI and AII in high density lipoproteins increased significantly. We conclude that the influence of drugs on serum lipids can only be evaluated in conjunction with reliable control of the diet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 65 (1987), S. 839-839 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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