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  • 1
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A new levitation apparatus coupled to a synchrotron-derived x-ray source has been developed to study the structure of liquids at temperatures up to 3000 K. The levitation apparatus employs conical nozzle levitation using aerodynamic forces to stably position solid and liquid specimens at high temperatures. A 270 W CO2 laser was used to heat the specimens to desired temperatures. Two optical pyrometers were used to record the specimen temperature, heating curves, and cooling curves. Three video cameras and a video recorder were employed to obtain and record specimen views in all three dimensions. The levitation assembly was supported on a three-axis translation stage to facilitate precise positioning of the specimen in the synchrotron radiation beam. The levitation system was enclosed in a vacuum chamber with Be windows, connections for vacuum and gas flow, ports for pyrometry, video, and pressure measurements. The vacuum system included automatic pressure control and multi-channel gas flow control. A phosphor screen coupled to a high-resolution video microscope provided images of the x-ray beam and specimen shadow which were used to establish the specimen position. The levitation apparatus was integrated with x-ray diffractometers located at X-6B and X-25 beamlines at the National Synchrotron Light Source. X-ray structural measurements have been obtained on a number of materials including Al2O 3, Ni, Si, Ge, and other metallic and ceramic materials in the liquid state. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 1379-1381 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Palladium is known to exhibit an acceptor state at EC−0.22 eV in n-type Si and a donor state at EV+0.31 eV in p-type Si. We have identified a third level at EV+(0.140±0.005) eV and attribute it to the double donor state of substitutional Pd. The Pd level positions are very similar to the corresponding levels for Pt. The double donor states of both metals show an electric field dependence of the emission rates and a thermal activation of the hole capture cross sections. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 1584-1586 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The midgap level in platinum doped n-type silicon, which was proposed to be the dominant recombination center, is identified as a platinum-hydrogen complex. Hydrogenation of the samples is achieved by wet-chemical etching at room temperature. Defect profiles, determined by deep level transient spectroscopy, clearly associate the level with the concentration profile of atomic hydrogen. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 41 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Czechoslovak journal of physics 49 (1999), S. 823-832 
    ISSN: 1572-9486
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of n- and p-type Al x Ga1−x As (x 〉 0.42) grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) and liquid phase epitaxy show typically a broad PL band (BB) centered about 300 meV below the near band-gap PL lines. In the MOVPE grown samples the BB is composed out of four lines. The BB intensity increases with the doping level and dominates the spectrum at concentrations 〉 1017 cm−3. The temperature dependence of the BB intensity shows two distinct maxima at ≍ 19 K and ≍ 80 K. Hydrogenation of MOVPE grown samples at 170°C reveal an effective passivation of the shallow acceptors and the centers associated with the BB line. On the contrary hydrogenation at temperatures 〉 250°C leads to an increase in the BB intensity which is related with the evaporation of As from the surface and the generation of VAs in the layers at these temperatures. Our results suggest that the BB is related with isoelectronic centers formed when VAs and CAs or SiAs associate to form next nearest neighbor ion pairs. The PL is then due to a recombination of excitons in analogy to the case of (Zn,O) isoelectronic complexes in GaP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 141 (1999), S. 219-220 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A search for an abundant and economical source of isoflavones, particularly genistein, led to the discovery that the erythromycin-producing organism Saccharopolyspora erythraea also produces this promising new cancer-prevention agent. Erythromycin fermentation is a large-scale, soybean-based process used world-wide for the commercial production of this medically important antibiotic. Results from this study indicate that genistin (the glucoside form of genistein), which is added to the fermentation in the soybean media, was converted to genistein through the action of a β-glucosidase produced by the organism. Genistein was co-extracted with erythromycin from the fermentation broth, then separated from erythromycin during the second step of the purification process for the production of erythromycin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A phase I study of escalating doses of humanized bispecific antibody (bsAb) MDX-H210 with granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was conducted in patients with metastatic breast cancer that overexpressed HER2/neu. The main objectives of the study were to define the maximal tolerated dose (MTD) of MDX-H210 when combined with G-CSF, to measure the pharmacokinetics of MDX-H210 when administered with G-CSF, and to determine the toxicity, biological effects and possible therapeutic effect of MDX-H210 with G-CSF. MDX-H210 is a F(ab)′ × F(ab)′ humanized bispecific murine antibody that binds to both HER2/neu and the FcγR1 receptor (CD64), and was administered intravenously weekly for three doses followed by a 2-week break and then three more weekly doses. A total of 23 patients were treated, and doses were escalated from 1 mg/m2 to 40 mg/m2 with no MTD reached. The toxicity of the bsAb + G-CSF combination was modest, with no dose-limiting toxicity noted: 19 patients had fevers, 7 patients had diarrhea, and 3 patients had allergic reactions that did not limit therapy. The β-elimination half-life varied from 4 h to 8 h at doses up to 20 mg/m2. Significant release of cytokines interleukin-6, G-CSF, and tumor necrosis factor α was observed after administration of bsAb. Circulating monocytes disappeared within 1 h of bsAb infusion, which correlated with binding of bsAb, noted by flow-cytometric analysis. Significant levels of human anti-(bispecific antibody) were measured in the plasma of most patients by the third infusion. No objective clinical responses were seen in this group of heavily pre-treated patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé. Le but de cette étude est de déterminer la fiabilité des potentiels évoqués corticaux après stimulation électrique du canal anal. Des potentiels évoqués corticaux ont été enregistrés chez 243 patients se plaignant de douleurs périnéales (28 patients), d'impuissance (55 patients) d'incontinence fécale (52 patients), d'incontinence urinaire (30 patients), de constipation (49 patients), et chez 29 patients neurologiques, par stimulation du sphincter anal externe et du pénis ou du clitoris. La reproductibilité inter- et intra-observateurs a étéétudiée par codage des interprétations données par trois observateurs à l'occasion de deux évaluations distinctes. L'influence des caractéristiques de l'enregistrement et des données cliniques a été déterminée. Afin d'étudier le rôle de l'opérateur, cinq opérateurs ont investigué les patients mais un seul était particulièrement entraîné pour cette investigation. L'interprétation des courbes d'enregistrement par les observateurs était peu reproductible dans 15% des cas, dépendant du temps écoulé entre les deux lectures et dépendant de la qualité de l'enregistrement. L'interprétation de la réponse cérébrale après la stimulation anale est dépendante de l'observateur et influencée par sa connaissance des données cliniques. Ceci a également été observée avec la mesure des potentiels corticaux évoqués après stimulation du pénis ou du clitoris, toutefois dans une moindre mesure. La méthode du potentiel évoqué cérébral est également dépendante de l'opérateur, particulièrement après la stimulation anale. Lorsque une étude des potentiels corticaux évoqués par stimulation périnéale est nécessaire en pratique clinique, il semble logique de préférer la technique des potentiels corticaux évoqués par stimulation du pénis ou du clitoris, car ils semblent plus faciles à obtenir que ceux observés après stimulation anale si les investigateurs ne sont pas particulièrement familiers avec les méthodes électrophysiologiques et, car les premiers sont davantage opérateurs et observateurs dépendants.
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of cortical evoked potentials after electrical stimulation of the anal canal. Cortical evoked potentials were recorded on 243 patients presenting with perineal pain (28 patients), impotence (55 patients), anal incontinence (52 patients), urinary continence (30 patients), constipation (49 patients), and on 29 neurological patients, by stimulating the external anal sphincter and penis (or clitoris). The inter- and intra-observer reproducibility was studied by coding recordings interpreted by three different observers on two separate occasions. The influence of recording characteristics and clinical data were assessed. To study operator dependence, five operators investigated the patients. Only one of them was well trained in this technique. The interpretation of the coded curves by the observers was poorly reproducible in about 15% of cases, depending on time between the two readings and the quality of recordings. The interpretation of cerebral responses after anal stimulation were observer-dependent and influenced by the knowledge of clinical data. This was also observed with cortical evoked potentials after electrical stimulation of the penis or clitoris, but to a lesser extent. The cerebral evoked potentials method was also operator-dependent, mainly after anal stimulation. When a study of cortical evoked potentials by perineal stimulation is needed in clinical practice, it seems logical to prefer cortical evoked potentials by penile or clitoral stimulation as they seem easier to obtain than those evoked by anal stimulation if the investigators are not well trained for the performance of electrophysiological studies as the former are much less operator- and observer-dependent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 12 (1997), S. 243-245 
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé. Les résultats de la réparation isolée du sphincter interne ont étéévalués chez cinq patients présentant une incontinence anale persistante après un geste chirurgical ayant lésé le sphincter interne. Tous présentaient une incontinence passive pour les solides et les liquides. Les symptômes, les résultats de la manométrie ano-rectale et de l'échographie endo-anale ont étéévalués avant et après correction chirurgicale. Après l'intervention, trois patients se disent améliorés mais présentent toujours des symptômes persistants; aucun patient n'a retrouvé une continence complète. Trois patients présentent une augmentation de la pression de repos et de la pression de contraction maxi-male mais chez un seul patient, ces valeurs sont dans la limite de la norme. En post-opératoire, l'échographie endo-anale montre une persistance du défect du sphincter interne chez tous les cas et dans deux, cet examen met en évidence une lésion méconnue du sphincter externe. Bien que quelques patients se sentent améliorés, les résultats cliniques manométriques et radiologiques après réparation du sphincter anal interne sont décevants.
    Notes: Abstract. The results of repair to the internal and sphincter alone has been evaluated in five patients with persistent anal incontinence following surgery which affected the internal anal sphincter. All had passive incontinence for solid or liquid stool. Symptoms, anorectal manometry, and anal endosonography were evaluated before and after surgery. After surgery three patients felt improved but had still persistent symptoms, and no patients achieved full continence. Three patients showed an increased maximal and resting pressure, but only one of them was within the normal range. Post operatively, all the anal ultrasound scans showed a persistent internal sphincter defect, and two showed an unsuspected external anal sphincter defect. Although some patients felt symptomatically improved, the overall clinical, manometric and radiological findings after internal and sphincter repair were disappointing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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