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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 67 (1989), S. 967-970 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Immunoglobulins ; Autoimmune diseases ; Encephalitis ; Myasthenia gravis ; Guillain-Barré syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An overview is given on the use of immunoglobulins in clinical neurology. While 5S-immunoglobulins may be employed in addition to virostatics in viral encephalitis, 7S-immunoglobulins can be used in autoimmune diseases like myasthenia gravis, multiple sclerosis, and the Guillain-Barré syndrome. Refractory childhood epilepsies like the Lennox-Gastaut syndrome responded to 7S-immunoglobulins. Hyperimmunoglobulins are to be given in bacterial infections in which toxins are formed and in viral infections caused by cytomegalovirus and tick-borne encephalitis virus. While some open studies report benefit from the use of immunoglobulins in neurological diseases, controlled evidence for their efficacy is still missing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 65 (1987), S. 885-887 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Hereditary angioedema ; Aortitis ; Cerebral embolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A 28-year-old male with hereditary angioedema died of an extensive stroke. Autopsy revealed cicatricial aortitis with narrowing of the coronary ostia, myocardial infarctions, and a left ventricular mural thrombus. There was neither acute inflammation of the aorta nor systemic vasculitis. A possible association of the aortitis with the hereditary angioedema is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 241 (1991), S. 177-180 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Muscular dystrophy ; Cardiomyopathy ; Myotonic dystrophy ; Heart disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty patients with different types of muscular dystrophy (MD) were included in a cross-sectional study by means of electrocardiography and ultrasound cardiography. A manifest cardiomyopathy was detected in 8 patients; a latent cardiomyopathy was found in 4. A hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was especially frequent in facioscapulohumeral MD, a congestive cardiomyopathy in Becker-Kiener MD. The ECG showed a reduction in the QT interval and frequent block formers in the X-chromosomal inherited forms and the trunc-girdle form. Bradycardia and a prolonged QT interval were frequent in myotonic dystrophy and facioscapulohumeral MD. Signs of cardiac infarction in the ECG were most frequent in the trunc-girdle forms. A high cardiac output per minute in conjuction with increased left ventricular volume was frequent in Becker-Kiener, and Landouzy MD. A left ventricular dysfunction with reduced ejection was characteristic of myotonic dystrophy and truncgirdle MD. A mitral valve prolapse was more frequent with increasing severity of the muscle disease and was particularly frequent in myotonic dystrophic and Landouzy MD. The cardiac output per minute and the stroke volume were significantly lower (P≤0.03) where a mitral valve prolapse was present.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 238 (1989), S. 196-198 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Persistent primitive acoustic artery ; Giant aneurysm ; Cerebrovascular dysplasia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A case of cerebrovascular systemic dysplasia is presented. The anomalies were: persistent primitive acoustic artery, giant aneurysm of the left internal carotid artery, aneurysm of the basilar artery, and an arteriovenous fistula. A review of the literature shows that the association of multiple malformations of cerebral vessels with a persistent primitive acoustic artery has not previously been described. Impairment of embryonic development is suggested as the origin of the malformations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 235 (1986), S. 200-205 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Churg-Strauss-syndrome ; Mononeuritis multiplex ; Allergic granulomatosis ; Immunsuppressive treatment ; Immunovasculitis ; Churg Strauss-Syndrom ; Mononeuritis multiplex ; Allergische Granulomatose ; Immunsuppressive Therapie ; Immunvaskulitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird über drei Patienten mit einer allergischen Granulomatose (Churg-Strauss-Syndrom) berichtet. In allen drei Fällen trat 2–10 Jahre nach dem Beginn einer pulmonalen Symptomatik eine Mononeuritis multiplex, begleitet von heftigen Schmerzen in den betroffenen Extremitäten auf. Während in einem Fall sich die neurologischen Ausfälle unter einer Behandlung mit Kortikoiden und Cyclophosphamid besserten, sprachen die beiden anderen Patientinnen erst auf eine Kombinationsbehandlung mit Thioguanin und Cytarabin an. In dem ersten Fall ließ sich die klinische Diagnose durch eine Biopsie aus dem N. suralis bestätigen.
    Notes: Summary Three cases of allergic granulomatosis (Churg-Strauss syndrome) are reported. The patients all presented 2–10 years after the onset of pulmonary symptoms with a mononeuritis multiplex, accompanied by sharp pain in the extremities involved. In one patient, the neurological findings improved under treatment with corticoids and cyclophosphamide; the other two patients responded to treatment with thioguanine and cytarabine. In the first patient, the diagnosis was confirmed by a biopsy specimen of the sural nerve.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 71 (2000), S. 231-237 
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Antikoagulation ; Hypercholesterinämie ; Hyperhomocysteinämie ; Primärprävention ; Risikofaktoren ; Schlaganfall ; Key words Anticoagulation ; Homocystinemia ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Primary prevention ; Risk factors ; Stroke
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Age, gender, race, and genetic factors count among the nonmodifiable risk factors for stroke. But primary prevention is possible through modification of other vascular risk factors. The treatment of arterial hypertension, with optimal values around 135/85 mmHg, reduces the risk of stroke by 50%. A significant risk reduction for ischemic stroke is possible with at least 30 minutes of physical activity twice a week, cessation of cigarette smoking, and treatment of hypercholesterolemia with statins. Dietary measures should include a reduction of animal proteins, normalization of body weight and a large amount of fruit and vegetables; small amounts of wine are allowed. A hyperhomocystinemia is treated with folic acid. Low dose estrogens (〈50μg) do not increase the risk of ischemic stroke in young females, but are capable of reducing hypercholesterolemia in postmenopausal women if triglycerides are normal. Neither primary prevention of stroke with antiagreggants nor surgery for asymptomatic carotid artery stenoses is recommended as preventive treatment, but low dose anticoagulation is the prophylaxis of choice for atrial fibrillation.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Während Lebensalter, Geschlecht und genetische Faktoren nicht modifizierbare Risikofaktoren des Schlaganfalls darstellen, bestehen für den Großteil der vaskulären Risikofaktoren Interventionsmöglichkeiten, die eingesetzt werden sollten, bevor es zum Auftreten neurologischer Symptome kommt (Primärprävention). Bei der arteriellen Hypertonie ist eine Risikoreduktion bezüglich eines Schlaganfalls um bis zu 50% möglich. Die optimalen Blutdruckwerte liegen bei 135/85 mmHg. Das Einstellen eines Nikotinabusus sowie regelmäßige körperliche Bewegung (mindestens 2×30 min Ausdauersport/Woche) reduzieren das Hirninfarktrisiko deutlich. Bei der Ernährung sollte auf einen hohen vegetarischen Anteil mit weitgehendem Verzicht auf tierisches Eiweiß geachtet werden; der Genuss von Wein in geringen Mengen ist erlaubt. Eine Hyperhomocysteinämie kann durch Folsäuregabe kompensiert, eine Hypercholesterinämie durch die medikamentöse Behandlung mit Statinen wirkungsvoll korrigiert werden. Niedrig dosierte Hormonpräparate (Östrogenanteil 〈50 μg) erhöhen das Schlaganfallrisiko nicht, können sogar postmenopausal eine Hypercholesterinämie – sofern die Triglyceride im Normbereich liegen – korrigieren. Eine Gewichtsnormalisierung ist sowohl im Hinblick auf die Glukosetoleranz als auch bei Fettstoffwechselstörungen entscheidend. Während eine Primärprophylaxe mit Thrombozytenaggregationshemmern bzw. durch eine Thrombendarteriektomie der A. carotis in aller Regel nicht indiziert sind, gilt die absolute Arrhythmie bei Vorhofflimmern als Indikation für eine niedrig dosierte Antikoagulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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