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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological Purkinje cell changes in spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (2000)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 100 (2000), S. 371-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words SCA6 ; Purkinje cell ; Immunohistochemisry ; Calbindin-D
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (SCA6) was recently identified as a form of autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia associated with a small CAG repeat expansion of the gene encoding an α 1 A-voltage-dependent calcium channel gene subunit on chromosome 19p13. In this study 50-μm-thick sections of cerebellar tissue from one patient with SCA6 were subjected to free-floating immunohistochemical staining with calbindin-D and parvalbumin antibodies. Severe loss of Purkinje cells was found, particularly in the vermis, and various morphological changes in Purkinje cells and their dendritic arborizations were demonstrated. Many of the remaining Purkinje cells were found to have heterotopic, irregularly shaped nuclei, an unclear cytoplasmic membrane outline, and somatic sprouts. Increased numbers of spine-like protrusions from swelling dendritic arborizations were found in the molecular layer. The axonal arrangement was disordered, and many torpedos were found in the granular layer and white matters. These morphological changes are completely different from those observed in paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) and are considered to be related to the genetic abnormality that causes abnormal development of Purkinje cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010000201
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of fluoride ion release from Na2SiF6 contained in resin based on hydrophobic siloxane layer coating (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 29 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Regulation of fluoride release from restorative resin or sealant is beneficial to patients as it will prevent the occurrence of the secondary caries. In this study, we evaluated whether or not the formation of a hydrophobic polysiloxane layer on the surface of the fluoride compound could contribute to the regulation of fluoride release from resin. First, sodium hexafluorosilicate (Na2SiF6) powder was treated with γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (γ-MPTS) and analysed with scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA). Analysis revealed that a hydrophobic polysiloxane layer was formed on the surface of Na2SiF6 powder. Heat treatment commonly used during γ-MPTS treatment was not necessary for the polysiloxane layer formation on the surface of Na2SiF6 powder. Then Na2SiF6 powder treated with γ-MPTS was loaded in bis-GMA/TEGDMA resin, immersed in distilled water and fluoride release was measured using a fluoride electrode. We found that the rate of fluoride release was significantly lower from the resin containing Na2SiF6 powder treated with c-MPTS. We concluded, therefore, that c-MPTS treatment and the resulting hydrophobic polysiloxane layer formation are very effective for the regulation of fluoride release from resin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.2002.00907.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of plaque control on the patency and occlusion of dentine tubules in situ (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 28 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To elucidate the nature of dentine hypersensitivity, the effects of plaque control on the patency and occlusion of dentinal tubules were investigated systematically in situ using human dentine slabs embedded in partial dentures. The dentine slabs were divided into three groups. In group I, the dentine slabs were kept in an oral cavity without plaque control. In group II, plaque was removed mechanically by brushing. Plaque control was carried out chemically using chlorhexidine in group III. After being kept in the oral cavities for 1, 2 and 3 weeks, the slabs were removed from the partial denture, followed by SEM observation to determine the morphological changes of the dentinal tubules. When no attempt was made to remove plaque, the diameter of tubule orifices increased to 390% of the original values within 3 weeks. In contrast, dentinal tubules were found to be occluded, i.e. the tubule orifices became 〈20% of the original value within 1 week when plaque control efforts were made, using either method of plaque control. We conclude that plaque control plays one of the key roles in the patency versus occlusion of dentinal tubules, and thus in the aetiology and natural reparative process of dentine hypersensitivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.2001.00682.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Circadian rhythm of melatonin and prostaglandin in modulation of stress-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We previously demonstrated the circadian variation of water-immersion restraint stress (WRS)-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To investigate the roles of melatonin and prostaglandin in the gastric mucosa in circadian modulation of WRS.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Fasted rats were subjected to 4-h WRS during both the diurnal and nocturnal phases of a light/dark cycle. Mucosal lesions, serum melatonin concentrations, mucosal generation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and mucosal gene expressions of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and -2 were evaluated.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:Lesion area after 4-h stress during the dark phase was significantly smaller than that in light-phase controls. Serum melatonin concentration in control rats during the light phase was significantly increased 4 h after WRS, but PGE2 generation was decreased by 48% as compared to that in intact mucosa before stress. In the dark phase, melatonin concentration after 4-h WRS was significantly depressed as compared with the control level at the corresponding time. PGE2 concentrations after 4-h WRS in the dark phase were not decreased compared with the control level at the corresponding time, although PGE2 level was significantly lower than that in light-phase controls. Expression of COX-1 and COX-2 mRNA was detected after exposure to stress in both the light and dark phases.〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusion:These results suggest that circadian rhythm has an important role in the formation of stress-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats. The circadian rhythm of melatonin responses and PGE2 generation may contribute to nocturnal/diurnal rhythmicity of gastric mucosal defences between day and night.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.16.s2.11.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Release of Non-Glycosylated Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor Protein (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 58 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Using a recombinant vaccinia virus containing the T7 RNA polymerase, we have established a system for the transient expression of human polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) in baby hamster kidney cells, a baby hamster-derived fibroblastic cell line. This transfection system resulted in the successful expression of pIgR in these cells, and Western blot analysis showed that human pIgR was expressed as two different molecular weight forms of 92 and 107 kDa. Treatment with endoglycosidase H showed that the difference between these two forms was due to the glycosylation status of the protein. In order to examine the functional role of glycosylation, we treated the transfected cells with tunicamycin, which prevents a core glycosylation step in the endoplasmic reticulum. Non-glycosylated pIgR was released into the culture medium of the transfected cells, albeit with extremely low efficiency. Taking these results together, we conclude that the glycosylation of pIgR may play a positive role in the efficient transport or release of free pIgR.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.2003.01325.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of natural killer suppressive factor in murine peritoneal cavity by intraperitoneal bolus administration of high-dose cisplatin (2000)
    Springer
    International journal of clinical oncology 5 (2000), S. 48-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-7772
    Keywords: Key words Cisplatin ; Natural killer cell activity ; Natural killer suppressive factor ; Peritoneal cavity ; Intraperitoneal chemotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) chemotherapy is frequently utilized in patients with advanced gastric cancer or peritoneal dissemination. We investigated whether i.p. administration of cisplatin at high or low doses would impair host local immunity with respect to the induction of natural killer (NK) cell suppressive factor in the murine peritoneal cavity. Methods. Cisplatin was administered at a total dose of 10 mg/kg according to two schedules: high-dose bolus injection (HB; 10 mg/kg) and low-dose consecutive injections (LC; 2 mg/kg daily for 5 days). The supernatant obtained from the peritoneal lavage fluid was added during normal splenocyte-mediated NK cytotoxicity assay. The phenotypes of peritoneal exudate cells were analyzed using anti-F4/80 monoclonal antibody (MAb) and anti-I-A MAb. Results. NK cell activity was significantly inhibited by the supernatant obtained from the HB group 7 days after the administration of cisplatin (40.6% of NK cell activity in controls; P 〈 0.05). This inhibition was partly restored by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) antiserum (69.5% of NK cell activity in controls). NK cell activity was not inhibited at any point by exposure to the supernatant of the LC group. I-A− peritoneal macrophages were more abundant in the HB group than in the LC group (2.9 × 106 vs 4.6 × 105 on day 3; P 〈 0.05). Conclusion. These results suggest that intraperitoneal bolus administration of high-dose cisplatin induces NK suppressive factors, including PGE2, in the peritoneal cavity, whereas low-dose consecutive administration does not.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101470050009
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cervical cancer in young Japanese women (2000)
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 264 (2000), S. 68-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Keywords: Key words Cervical cancer ; Young women ; Screening
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  This study was performed to determine whether the incidence of cervical cancer in women aged 35 or younger has changed over the last 10 years and to examine the clinical characteristics of the cases. The incidence of cervical cancer in women aged 35 or younger were significantly greater in 1987–1991 than 1992–1996 (p = 0.001). Most new cases were detected by routine cytological screening.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004040000076
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion-weighted echo-planar MR imaging in differential diagnosis of brain tumors and tumor-like conditions (2000)
    Springer
    European radiology 10 (2000), S. 1342-1350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Brain ; MRI ; Neoplasms ; Diffusion image ; Echo-planar MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. We assess diffusion-weighted MR images in the differential diagnosis of intracranial brain tumors and tumor-like conditions. Heavily diffusion-weighted (b = 1100 or 1200 s/mm2) axial images were obtained with single-shot echo-planar technique in 93 patients with pathologically confirmed various intracranial tumors and tumor-like conditions with diffusion gradient perpendicular to the images. We compared signal intensity of the lesions with those of gray and white matter, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In 29 cases (31.1 %) the lesions were isointense to gray and/or white matter. However, 5 cases (5.4 %) showed extremely increased signal intensity: two epidermoid cysts; two chordomas; and one brain abscess. The entire portion of a tumor was markedly hyperintense in 10 cases (10.8 %): four malignant lymphomas; four medulloblastomas; one germinoma; and one pineoblastoma. A CSF-like hypointense signal was seen in many cystic tumors, and cystic or necrotic portions of tumors. A neurosarcoid granulation was the only solid lesion showing characteristically a hypointense signal like CSF. The combination of markedly hyperintense and hypointense signals was seen generally in hemorrhagic tumors. Diffusion-weighted echo-planar MR imaging is useful in the differential diagnosis of brain tumors and tumor-like conditions, and suggests specific histological diagnosis in some cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003309900310
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of 142 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 41 candidate genes for rheumatoid arthritis in the Japanese population (2000)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 106 (2000), S. 293-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can make an important contribution to our understanding of genetic backgrounds that may influence medical conditions and ethnic diversity. We undertook a systematic survey of genomic DNA for SNPs located not only in coding sequences but also in non-coding regions (e.g., introns and 5' flanking regions) of selected genes. Using DNA samples from 48 Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as templates, we surveyed 41 genes that represent candidates for RA, screening a total of 104 kb of DNA (30 kb of coding sequences and 74 kb of non-coding DNA). Within this 104 kb of genomic sequences we identified 163 polymorphisms (1 per 638 bases on average), of which 142 were single-nucleotide substitutions and the remainder, insertions or deletions. Of the coding SNPs, 52% were non-synonymous substitutions, and non-conservative amino acid changes were observed in a quarter of those. Sixty-nine polymorphisms showed high frequencies for minor alleles (more than 15%) and 20 revealed low frequencies (〈5%). Our results indicated a greater average distance between SNPs than others have reported, but this disparity may reflect the type of genes surveyed and/or the relative ethnic homogeneity of our test population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390000248
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cryopreservation of Doritaenopsis suspension culture by vitrification (2000)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 19 (2000), S. 1160-1164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: KeywordsDoritaenopsis ; Cryopreservation ; Abscisic acid ; Protocorm-like body ; Abbreviations ABA: Abscisic acid ; BA6: Benzylaminopurine ; DMSO: Dimethylsulphoxide ; NAA: Naphthaleneacetic acid ; ND: New¶Dogashima ; PLB: Protocorm-like body ; TTC: 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Cells of a suspension culture of Doritaenopsis cv. New Toyohashi were placed in a mixture of 2 M glycerol and 0.4 M sucrose for 15 min at room temperature and then dehydrated with a vitrification solution (PVS2) for 1–3 h on ice and plunged into liquid nitrogen. The highest viability (64% by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride stainability) was obtained when the cells were precultured in liquid New Dogashima medium with 0.1 M sucrose and 1.0 mg/l abscisic acid for 1 week at 25  °C in the light. Dehydration by PVS2 was important for the cryopreservation of Doritaenopsis cells. Protocorm-like bodies were induced from cryopreserved cells without morphological variations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990000255
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