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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simulation studies of heavy ion heating by current-driven instabilities (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 7 (2000), S. 4882-4888 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Nonlinear evolution of current-driven instabilities and associated energy transport among different particle species are studied by means of a two-dimensional, electrostatic, particle simulation code with full ion and electron dynamics. The plasma is assumed to consist of hydrogen (H) and helium (He) ions and electrons with the electron temperature larger than the ion temperatures; the electrons drift along a uniform magnetic field with an initial speed equal to the thermal speed. Then, simulations show that after the development of ion acoustic waves and fundamental H cyclotron waves, second harmonic waves are destabilized due to the change in the electron velocity distribution function parallel to the magnetic field, fe(v(parallel)). Even though the linear theory based on the initial conditions predicts that the second harmonics are only marginally unstable, they eventually grow to the largest amplitudes and heat He ions more significantly than H ions. The instabilities of these three kinds of modes with different phase velocities give rise to flattening of fe(v(parallel)) over a region larger than the thermal speed. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1321017
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    p53-dependent regulation of heat shock protein 72 (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 146 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Background p53 is a key regulator of the cellular stress response. p53 modulates the transcription of several genes. Objectives To examine the influence of p53 on expression of heat shock protein 72 (HSP72). Methods Two model systems were used. (i) HSP72 expression was studied by Western blot on extracts from p53-proficient or p53-deficient primary mouse keratinocytes, and (ii) archival human anogenital skin from fibroepithelial polyps, human papillomavirus (HPV) 16/18-associated lesions or squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) was subjected to immunostaining for HSP72. Results Basal HSP72 expression was higher in keratinocytes from p53-deficient than from p53-proficient mice. Immunostaining for HSP72 was higher in HPV 16/18 lesions and SCCs, which have reduced p53 protein. Conclusions p53 status may influence the basal level of HSP72.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04721.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compound heterozygous group A xeroderma pigmentosum patient with a novel mutation and an inherited reciprocal translocation (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 143 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The severity of neurological abnormalities in Japanese group A xeroderma pigmentosum (XP-A) patients correlates with the sites of non-sense mutation in the XP-A gene. We describe a patient who presented with a more severe photosensitivity and neurological abnormality than those in typical Japanese XP-A patients with a splicing mutation in intron 3. The patient was compound heterozygous for the splicing mutation in intron 3, which resulted in formation of a non-sense codon in exon 4, and a novel non-sense mutation at codon 208 in exon 5, a C to T transition creating a stop codon TAG. Although the combination of these mutations might have been thought to cause only mild neurological signs, the longer truncated XP-A proteins than those of typical XP-A patients may have resulted in severe neurological symptoms. This phenomenon may be explained by a translocation of chromosome (1;10)(q25·3;q22·3) inherited from his father.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03611.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Merkel-like cells in Malassez epithelium in the periodontal ligament of cats: an immunohistochemical, confocal-laser scanning and immuno electron-microscopic investigation (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of periodontal research 37 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The cellular heterogeneity of Malassez epithelium (ME) residing in the periodontal ligament has recently been reported, and the presence and coexistence of the neuropeptides calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in single cells in ME has been shown (1). However, the identity of these neuroendocrine cells has so far not been verified. This study was undertaken in order to elucidate the identity of the neuroendocrine cells in ME by means of transmission electron microscopy, confocal scanning microscopy and immunohistochemistry using antibodies to protein gene product (PGP) 9.5 and cytokeratin 20 (CK). Gingival tissue was included in the study as a positive control for identification of Merkel-like cells in oral epithelium. CK 20 immunopositive cells were present in both Malassez epithelium and in basal cell layers of gingival epithelium showing a distribution consistent with PGP 9.5 labelled cells in both epithelia. The results from PGP 9.5 immuno electron microscopy clearly evidenced the presence of single, intensely labelled cells and some nerve fibres invested between the Malassez epithelial cells. The conformity of the immunopositive cells in Malassez and gingival epithelium verified by double immunolabelling with PGP 9.5 and CK 20, indicates that the labelled neuroendocrine cells are identical in ME and in gingival epithelium. This demonstrates that Malassez epithelium not only exhibits neuroendocrine cells, but additionally that the neuroendocrine cells represent Merkel-like cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0765.2002.01374.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Usefulness of uracil loading test for detecting 5-fluorouracil metabolic enzyme deficiencies in humans (2000)
    Springer
    International journal of clinical oncology 5 (2000), S. 171-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-7772
    Keywords: Key words 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) ; Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) ; Dihydropyrimidinase (DHPase) ; Uracil loading test
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. We investigated the usefulness of the uracil loading test to detect human carriers of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) and dihydropyrimidinase (DHPase) deficiencies. Methods. Our subjects consisted of family A (including a patient, a 37-year-old man with a urinary dihydrouracil (DHU) level of 185.4 μmol/mmol creatinine [Cre]); family B (including a patient, a 3-month-old girl with a DHU level of 154.3 μmol/mmol Cre); and ten healthy volunteers. Oral loading tests were performed with 10 mg/kg of uracil to examine changes in the serum and urinary levels of uracil and dihydrouracil in the subjects. Results. The uracil loading test showed the highest levels of urinary DHU 120 min after loading in the mother and father of the patient in family A (52.2 and 65.4 μmol/mmol Cre, respectively) and the mother of the patient in family B (66.4 μmol/mmol Cre). Conclusion. These urinary DHU levels were higher than those in the ten healthy adults, which led us to diagnose these individuals with high DHU levels as human carriers of DHPase deficiencies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00012033
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vitamin B6 phototoxicity induced by UVA radiation (2000)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 292 (2000), S. 562-567 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Keywords Vitamin B6 ; UVA ; Phototoxicity ; ESR
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have previously reported that pyridoxine shows UVA-induced cytotoxicity. Four other vitamin B6 compounds (pyridoxal, pyridoxamine, pyridoxal phosphate, and pyridoxamine phosphate) are metabolically more important in vivo than pyridoxine. These compounds were examined for UVA phototoxicity to cultured human fibroblasts. The cytotoxicity was measured by post-UVA irradiation colony-forming ability. All the B6 compounds except pyridoxal phosphate showed cytotoxicity. Pyridoxamine phosphate, which is the most important form of vitamin B6 in vivo, had the strongest cytotoxic effect. To examine the involvement of reactive oxygen species in the phototoxicity, we performed an electron spin resonance study using the spin trapping agent, 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide, and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid. We failed to detect radicals derived from vitamin B6. The cytotoxic effect remained in UVA-irradiated solutions for at least 30 min after the end of UVA irradiation. Hydrogen peroxide was produced in the solution, but the amount was not enough to cause cytotoxicity. In addition, the cells from xeroderma pigmentosum patients who belong to group A or C showed survival curves similar to those of normal fibroblasts. This suggests that cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers or 6-4 photoproducts of DNA were not involved in this damage. These findings suggest that UVA-induced vitamin B6 cytotoxicity is caused by toxic photoproducts resulting from irradiated vitamin B6.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004030000174
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunt associated with biliary atresia: case report (2000)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 30 (2000), S. 489-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe an infant with intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunt (IPSVS), which was detected by MR angiography. IPSVS is rare and its cause is disputed. However, with improvements in imaging the number of reports of IPSVS identified incidentally in patients without definite symptoms is increasing. The present case is the first associated with congenital biliary atresia and the youngest reported in the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002479900153
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation of EEG, neuroimaging and histopathology in an epilepsy patient with diffuse cortical dysplasia (2000)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 16 (2000), S. 75-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Key words Cortical dysplasia ; Electrocorticogram ; Neuroimaging ; Histology ; Epileptogenic zone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The correlation between scalp EEG, intraoperative electrocorticogram, neuroimaging and histopathology was examined in an epileptic child with diffuse cortical dysplasia. The 6-year-old girl with moderate mental retardation had suffered from intractable complex partial and generalized epilepsies since the age of 2 years. MR images demonstrated unilateral large macrogyria/polymicrogyria and schizencephaly in the right occipital lobe. The epileptic focus was detected on the macrogyria by EEG and single photon emission tomography. However, the intraoperative electrocorticogram showed frequent spikes from the polymicrogyria and no paroxysmal activity in the macrogyria. The polymicrogyria and the macrogyric lesion were resected, using an image-guided system. The histological findings revealed that the macrogyria was covered with and separated by glial bundles. It has been reported that epileptogenicity is produced from abnormal neurons and their arrangement in cortical dysplasia; in this case, however, the major dysplastic lesion had no epileptogenicity; rather the focus might be in the polymicrogyria around the lesion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00007283
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transforming growth factor-β1 derived from biliary epithelial cells may attenuate alloantigen-specific immune responses (2000)
    Springer
    Transplant international 13 (2000), S. 21-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Key words Biliary epithelial cells ; TGF-β1 rat ; Mixed lymphocyte reaction ; CTL
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Immune response to liver allografts may be different from that to other organ transplants since immunological manipulation easily attenuates immune-response to liver allografts. Numerous studies on the alloantigen-specific immune response have been carried out, however, the precise mechanisms involved in this attenuation are not clear yet. Here we suggest the attenuation of alloantigen-specific immune response by TGF-β1 derived from biliary epithelial cells. The transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression in rat liver was examined immunohistologically. Rat biliary epithelial cells (BEC) were purified from the perfused liver and added to allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction (allo-MLR) to assess their attenuating potential on allo-MLR and alloantigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (allo-CTL) induction. Immunohistological investigation revealed the expression of TGF-β1 in biliary epithelial cells. Both purified biliary epithelial cells and TGF-β1 attenuated allo-MLR and allo-CTL induction in a dose-dependent manner, and anti-TGF-β1 antibody partially relieved this attenuation. This study reveals that biliary epithelial cells, the major target cells of allo-antigen specific immune response, contain TGF-β1 and that they have a capacity to attenuate allo-MLR and allo-CTL induction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001470050003
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surfactant-modified zeolites as a drug carrier and the release of chloroquin (2000)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 278 (2000), S. 553-558 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Adsolubilization ; Drug carrier ; Zeolite ; Cationic surfactant ; Chloroquin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  The adsolubilization of chloroquin (CQ) by complexes of zeolites with hexadecyl-, tetradecyl-, and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromides was determined by spectrophotometry. The zeolites used were P-type zeolite (ZP) with a sodium counterion and X-type zeolites with sodium (NX) or calcium (CX) counterions. ZP adsorbed CQ without surfactant, but the ZP surfactant complexes enhanced the adsorption of CQ. Without surfactant, NX and CX did not adsorb CQ, but the surfactant complexes induced the adsorption of CQ. Since the surfactants and CQ were cationic under the experimental conditions, the enhanced CQ incorporation was ascribed to the adsolubilization of CQ by the zeolite/surfactant complexes. The NaCl concentration in the eluant controlled the rate of CQ elution from the complexes. The examination of the surfactant elution proved that the elution of CQ was dependent on the residual surfactant content of the zeolite/surfactant complexes. Sodium chloride affected the release of both surfactant and CQ from the complexes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003960050554
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