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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance and stability of the virus-resistant gene in the progeny of transgenic sweet potato (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 121 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Viral diseases of sweet potato are very prevalent and often seriously damaging to the plants. In particular, the severe strain of the sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV-S) causes ‘obizyo-sohi’ disease in Japan. In order to confer viral resistance against SPFMV using current biotechnology, a transgenic sweet potato has been produced, introducing hygromycin-resistant (hpt) and SPFMV-S coat protein (CP) genes, which have shown a significant resistance to SPFMV-S. In the breeding programme, it is important to confirm that the viral resistance conferred in T0 plants can be inherited by their progeny. In the present study, progeny were obtained from crosses between the transgenic T0 and a non-transgenic variety of sweet potato. The results showed that the CP gene was inherited by the next generation and that the stability of viral resistance was also confirmed. Thus, this production system for the virus-resistant transgenic sweet potato is useful in practical breeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2002.00709.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-emittance electron-beam generation with laser pulse shaping in photocathode radio-frequency gun (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 92 (2002), S. 1608-1612 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A technique of laser-pulse shaping was developed for low-emittance electron-beam generation in a photocathode radio-frequency (rf) gun. The emittance growth due to space charge and rf effects in the rf gun was experimentally investigated with square and gaussian temporal pulse shapes. It was found that the square pulse shaping was a useful tool for both the reduction of nonlinear space-charge force and the correction of linear space charge. The normalized transverse rms emittance at 1 nC was obtained to be 1.20 πmm-mrad for the square pulse shape with pulse length of 9 ps full width at half maximum. The emittance was measured as a function of the electron bunch charge and the laser-pulse length. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1487457
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Does a magnetic barrier or a magnetic-electric barrier structure possess any spin polarization and spin filtering under zero bias? (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 3119-3121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this letter, we have clarified that there is no spin polarization and spin filtering in a magnetic barrier structure as well as in a magnetic–electric barrier structure using our explicit expressions for electron transmission probability. Our results are found to be contradictory to those of A. Majumdar [Phys. Rev. B 54, 11911 (1996)] and G. Papp and F. M. Peeters [Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 2184 (2001)]. We have shown the significant spin polarization and spin filtering observed by these authors were caused by a mistake in their transmission probability. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1416167
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Matrix-degrading metalloproteinases and their roles in joint destruction (2000)
    Springer
    Modern rheumatology 10 (2000), S. 121-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-7609
    Keywords: Key words Rheumatoid arthritis ; Osteoarthritis ; Matrix metalloproteinase ; A disintegrin and metalloproteinase ; Joint destruction ; Matrix degradation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Progressive degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of articular cartilage and bone by enhanced activities of proteinases is an essential step for joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). Among the proteinases, matrix-degrading metalloproteinases play a key role in joint destruction. Recent studies have indicated that these metalloproteinases comprise members of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) gene families. The MMP family is composed of 19 different members and classified into five subgroups of collagenases, gelatinases, stromelysins, membrane-type MMPs, and other MMPs. They have the ability to digest almost all ECM components in human tissues when they act in concert. Their prospective roles in RA and OA joint destruction have been well established. On the other hand, the ADAM family members are classified into ADAM metalloproteinases and catalytically inactive nonproteolytic homologues. The ADAM metalloproteinases contain ADAM with a transmembrane domain (membrane-type ADAM) and ADAM with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS). Although members in both groups are known to degrade ECM components, ADAMTS species may be especially important for the aggrecan (cartilage proteoglycan) degradation of articular cartilage in RA and OA, since aggrecanases-1 and -2 are included in this group. This review outlines the characters of the MMP and ADAM gene family members and their roles in joint destruction in RA and OA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101650070018
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunolocalization of TGF-β1, -β2 and -β3, and TGF-β receptors in human lens capsules with lens implants (2000)
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 238 (2000), S. 283-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Purpose: To establish the alteration in expression pattern of transforming growth factor (TGF)-βs and their receptors during repair of lens capsules after cataract surgery, we immunohistochemically located TGF-β isoforms and their receptors in human lens capsules before and after cataract surgery.  Methods: Ten post-cataract surgery capsular specimens were obtained during vitrectomy. Three sections of the anterior capsules were obtained during cataract surgery. A whole lens capsular bag immediately after lens extraction was obtained during vitrectomy. Cryosections of these specimens were processed for immunohistochemical analysis for TGF-β1, TGF-β2, TGF-β3, TGF-β receptor type I (TβR-I), type II (TβR-II) and type III (TβR-III), and were observed under light micros-copy. Results: Lens epithelial cells (LECs) lining the inner surface of the anterior capsules exhibited immunoreactivity for TGF-β2 and TβR-II. Immunoreactivity for TGF-β1, -β3, TβR-I and TβR-III was negative. In the whole capsular bag specimen, equatorial LECs were positive for TGF-β1 and -β2, but not for -β3. In post-cataract surgery specimens, antibodies for each TGF-β isoform labelled either the LECs or ECM accumulated on the capsules. Post-surgical LECs expressed TβR-I and TβR-II, and had also TβR-III in seven of the nine specimens examined.  Conclusion: Expression pattern of TGF-β s in quiescent LECs showed regional heterogeneity. Anterior LECs exhibited TGF-β2 immunoreactivity, while equatorial LECs were positive for TGF-β1 and -β2. Quiescent LECs expressed TβR-II. LECs proliferating around IOLs expressed proteins of each TGF-β isoform and each TβR. TGF-β s were also localized in the ECM on capsules undergoing repair. TGF-β3, TβR-I and TβR-III are up-regulated in LECs after cataract surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004170050354
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bone Cement Made of High Molecular Weight PMMA Resin with Bioactive Ceramic Filler Showed Higher Bone-Bonding Strength than That of Bis-GMA Resin and Bioactive Ceramic Fillers (2000)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 192-195 (Sept. 2000), p. 661-664 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/45/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.192-195.661.pdf
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Doppler Echocardiographic Evaluation of Right Ventricular Diastolic Function in Children (2000)
    Springer
    Pediatric cardiology 21 (2000), S. 358-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1971
    Keywords: Key words: Right ventricular diastolic function — Children — Atrial waves
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Right ventricular diastolic function was evaluated by flow velocity pattern in the right ventricular inflow tract by means of pulsed Doppler echocardiography. Traditionally used to evaluate this function are peak velocities obtained during early diastole (peak E wave) and during atrial contraction (peak A wave), their ratio (peak E/A ratio), and the deceleration half-time. We conducted pulsed Doppler echocardiographic studies of right ventricular inflow and outflow patterns in 171 children (105 normal children and 66 children who were undergoing total surgical repair of congenital heart defects without sequelae). Results showed that summation flow was present in the right ventricular inflow tract in 43 (25%) of the 171 subjects, which made it difficult to separate the peak E wave from the peak A wave. We noted the presence of antegrade late diastolic flow (DW) in the right ventricular outflow tract of all subjects. DW, measured in 121 subjects in whom both E and A waves were detected in the right ventricular inflow tract, showed a highly significant correlation (p 〈 0.0001) with A waves in the right ventricular inflow tract. The ratio of DW to right ventricular outflow tract velocities during systole (SW) showed a highly significant (p 〈 0.0001) correlation with E/A ratio. When evaluating right ventricular diastolic function by pulsed Doppler, especially in children, the analysis of right ventricular outflow tract patterns is helpful in addition to that of inflow tract patterns. The DW and DW/SW ratio may present good alternatives to traditional parameters in children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002460010080
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adenovirus-mediated viral IL-10 gene transfer prolongs survival of xenogeneic spheroidal aggregate-cultured hepatocytes (2000)
    Springer
    Transplant international 13 (2000), S. S485 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Key words Hepatocyte spheroid ; Xenotransplantation ; Gene engineering ; Viral IL-10
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Xenotransplantation of hepatocytes appears to be a novel promising therapy for some forms of liver disease, and may well overcome the problem of donor shortage. We have previously reported that hepatocytes with a spheroidal shape (spheroids) are ideal for cell transplantation. The application of gene transfer techniques to this hepatocyte transplantation could possibly regulate the xenogeneic rejection reaction and, therefore, result in prolongation of the survival of the transplanted hepatocytes. In this study, we chose the adenovirus as a vector and an immunosuppressive cytokine named viral IL-10 (vIL-10) for transfection. A series of experiments was performed to elucidate the efficacy of transfection to the spheroids with adenovirus vectors and the effect of transfected vIL-10 on the survival of xenogeneic hepatocytes. We examined the cell survival quantitatively by evaluating β-galactosidase (β-gal) activity, which was transfected into the hepatocytes in the xenogeneic spleen, and semiquantitatively by the histological findings. The results of in-vitro studies identified an efficient expression of the β-gal gene within the spheroids infected with AdCMVLacZ (LacZ-encoding adenovirus vector with CMV promotor) and the presence of BCRF1 mRNA within the spheroids transfected with AdCMVvIL-10 (vIL-10-expressing adenovirus vector with CMV promotor) under the condition of 1 MOI, for 1 h. Xenogeneic hepatocytes with a spheroidal shape showed comparable survival to syngeneic hepatocytes for up to 4 days after transplantation with co-transplantation of the vIL-10-transfected hepatocytes. From this study, we concluded that adenovirus-mediated vIL-10 gene transfer prolongs the survival of xenogeneic hepatocyte spheroids. Furthermore, spheroids possess ideal properties for gene transfection, as well as cell transplantation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001470050389
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tacticity, molecular weight, and molecular-weight-distribution relationships in stereoregular polyacrylonitrile prepared by electron beam irradiation canal polymerization (2000)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 278 (2000), S. 757-763 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Isotactic polyacrylonitrile ; Canal polymerization ; Electron beam irradiation ; Structure ; properties relationships
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The preparation and characterization of stereoregular isotactic polyacrylonitrile (PAN) by electron beam (EB) irradiation on a urea canal complex are described. The EB method has several advantages over the ordinary γ-ray irradiation method: a very short polymerization time is needed (within a few seconds) and EB irradiation is carried out intermittently, and so all the polymer properties can be studied as a function of the EB irradiation dose. The structure–properties relationships of PAN, such as intrinsic viscosity versus the number-average molecular weight and the viscosity versus the isotacticity range were clarified. Significant information for the optimization of the tacticity of PAN was extracted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003960000305
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Onset of SF6 clustering in steady supersonic Laval nozzle flow (2000)
    Springer
    Applied physics 70 (2000), S. 117-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: PACS: 07.65; 33.00
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. SF6 clustering (3–6% in molar fraction) by homogeneous nucleation in argon was experimentally studied in a steady-state-flow supersonic Laval nozzle. The onset of clustering was detected by FT-IR spectroscopy. Measurements of the static pressure in the nozzle, together with the equations of isentropic flow, yielded the relation between the pressure of SF6, Pc, and the temperature, Tc, at the observed onset of clustering in the range 60 K〈Tc〈110 K and 0.1 Torr〈Pc〈2.0 Torr. We found that there was no influence of the argon carrier gas pressure, which ranged from 1.9 to 21 Torr at the onset points, on the onset of condensation. In addition, the logarithmic value of the supersaturation ratio was found to linearly depend on Tc -3/2 at the onset as deduced by Wegener and Wu from the classical theory of homogeneous nucleation [Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 7, 325 (1977)]. Our results indicate that supersonic expansion in the nozzle did not form heterogeneous clusters consisting of SF6 and Ar but single-component clusters of SF6 in a mixture of SF6 and Ar under the experimental conditions studied herein. We obtained an onset curve (pressure versus temperature) for the SF6 homogeneous clustering, which indicated the boundary for diminishing of the the SF6 monomers in the supersonic Laval nozzle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003400050018
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