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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wideband harmonic imaging: A novel contrast ultrasound imaging technique (1999)
    Springer
    European radiology 9 (1999), S. S364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. A novel ultrasonic imaging method, wideband harmonic imaging, for nonlinear imaging of microbubble contrast agents is evaluated. In wideband harmonic mode, two pulses of alternate phase are send out. The image is then processed from the sum of both pulses, resulting in an image of nonlinear scatterers such as microbubbles. A prototype ultrasound system, Siemens Elegra, was evaluated with in vitro investigations and animal trials, using conventional, harmonic and wideband harmonic settings with the galactose based ultrasound contrast agent Levovist. Wideband harmonic imaging offers superior sensitivity for ultrasound contrast agents compared to conventional imaging and harmonic imaging. At low transmit power settings (MI 0.1–0.5) the nonlinear response is already sufficient to generate a image of the blood pool distribution of Levovist in the rabbit kidney including the microvasculature, with clear delineation of vessels and perfused parenchyma. At high transmit amplitudes, nonlinear tissue response reduced the apparent image contrast between contrast agent and tissue. The results suggest that wideband harmonic imaging is currently the most sensitive contrast imaging technique, maintaining highest spatial resolution. This may add to image quality and offer new clinical potential for the use of ultrasound contrast agents such as Levovist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00014075
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liver-specific imaging with SHU 563A: Diagnostic potential of a new class of ultrasound contrast media (1999)
    Springer
    European radiology 9 (1999), S. S349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the imaging properties and diagnostic potential of the novel polymeric ultrasound contrast agent SHU 563 A. After i. v. injection, the agent circulates in the blood pool for about 10 min and is then subsequently sequestered by the RES cells predominantly in the liver. The acoustic emission capabilities enable a very sensitive detection during the blood pool phase and after uptake in the RES cells, contributing to differential diagnosis as well as detection of liver lesions. During a multicenter study, 28 patients with liver lesions were examined. In all patients the results were compared to baseline ultrasound and Contrast enhanced Spiral CT. With respect to lesion size and location, very good agreement between SHU 563 A ultrasound and Spiral CT was achieved. Additional lesions could be shown in the RES phase by SHU 563 A enhanced ultrasound. 26 further patients were examined in other indications. The results in all 54 patients indicate good safety and tolerance of SHU 563 without limitations for diagnostic use. SHU 563 A enhanced ultrasound adds significantly to the detection and delineation of focal liver lesions by improving conspicuity due to RES based contrast after uptake.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00014072
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of occupational skin diseases during vocational training in baker and confectioner apprentices: a follow-up study (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 39 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Baker and confectioner apprentices have been included in a prospective follow-up study in the region of East Thuringia, to evaluate risk factors for the development of hand dermatitis. Starting in August 1996, the apprentices have been interviewed and examined in a standardized way right at the beginning (n=91) of their vocational training, 6 (n=79) and 12 months (n=63) later. To gain objective data, TEWL score was also assessed at 3 standardized sites on the hands. In their case histories, 3.3% (n=3) of the apprentices reported hand dermatitis. The 1st assessment after 2 to 4 weeks vocational training revealed hand eczema in 17.5% (n=16) of the individuals. At the follow-up after 6 months of training 29.1% (n=23), and after 12 month of training 27.0% (n=17), of the apprentices had hand dermatitis of mild to moderate severity. Within 6 months, the TEWL score rose significantly (p〈0.001) from 11.9 g m−2 h−1 (± 5.4) to 16.8 g m−2 h−1 (± 9.5). After 12 months, the TEWL score was 14.9 g m−2 h−1 (± 4.6). For the atopic skin diathesis (〉 10 points of Diepgen's atopy score), there was a significant tendency to be a predictive factor for the development of occupational hand dermatitis. TEWL score failed to correlate with the development of skin damage in our study. The same was true for respiratory atopy and metal sensitization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1998.tb05946.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kerr-rotation imaging in scanning near-field optical microscopy using a modified Sagnac interferometer (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 538-540 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A scanning near-field optical microscope is combined with a modified Sagnac interferometer to generate high-resolution magnetic contrast images of a magneto-optical disk (MOD) in reflection. The interferometer acts as a magnetic sensor to determine the Kerr rotation of reflected circularly polarized light. A separate shear-force sample topography is obtained simultaneously with the optical. This technique allows successful magnetic imaging of samples with complicated surface topographies, as demonstrated with the MOD. For these initial measurements, the resolution with nonmetal-coated fiber tips is 300 nm, and the magnetic phase sensitivity is 1 mrad. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121925
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology and magnetization changes upon annealing of Fe/Cu(100): An in situ scanning tunneling microscopy and magneto-optical Kerr effect study (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 82 (1997), S. 482-484 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Morphology changes and irreversible reorientation of the easy magnetization axis upon annealing of thin epitaxial fcc-iron films grown at 100 K on Cu(100) were studied in situ with scanning tunneling microscopy and the magneto-optical Kerr effect. An irreversible spin reorientation from in-plane to out-of-plane is observed for 6 monolayers thick iron films annealed to 350 K. This change in magnetic anisotropy is accompanied by considerable smoothing of the iron film surface. Annealing to higher temperatures leads to a strong increase of the coercive field by up to a factor of 6. The surfaces of these films are atomically flat and display some scattered needle-like protrusions and dislocation lines. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.365581
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hot electron transport in SiO2 probed with a scanning tunnel microscope (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 66 (1995), S. 730-732 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Hot electrons injected with a scanning tunnel microscope (STM) tip into Pt/SiO2/Si(100) structures were detected as a collector current in the Si by using a STM configuration known as ballistic electron emission microscopy. The collector current, observed for STM tip potentials (approximately-greater-than)4 V and for oxide biases ≥0 V, is direct evidence for electron transmission through the conduction band of the SiO2. Negative oxide biases delayed the onset of current to correspondingly higher tip potentials. A simple model was used to extract the energy and bias dependent transmission probabilities from the experimental data for a 62 A(ring) SiO2 layer. The results are compared with Monte Carlo calculations. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.114114
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    p+ doping of Si by Al diffusion upon annealing Al/n-Si(111)7×7 (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 66 (1995), S. 3010-3012 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A novel method for the formation of a p+-layer underneath a Si(111)7×7 surface is presented. It is based on annealing of an epitaxial Al/n-Si(111) interface up to complete desorption of the Al film. This leads to a strong potential variation within the substrate, as observed in Si-2p core-level photoemission spectra with variable sampling depth, while scanning-tunneling microscopy reveals an unchanged 7×7 reconstructed surface. These observations are consistent with a p+ doping of (4±2)×1018/cm3 and a lowering of the surface Fermi level by (0.06±0.02) eV. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.114260
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anaphylaxis due to Monascus purpureus-fermented rice (red yeast rice) (1999)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 54 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.1999.00374.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oral rush desensitization to milk (1999)
    Copenhagen : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 54 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.1999.00228.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Denture-induced local and systemic reactions to acrylate (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 53 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1998.tb03965.x
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