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  • 1
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Objective To compare flow cytometric detection of malignant cells with standard cytological evaluation in patients with ovarian carcinoma.Setting The City Hospital Trust, The Women's Hospital and CRC Trials Unit, Birmingham.Subjects Forty-three patients with histologically proven ovarian carcinoma and positive cytology, and a control population of 20 patients undergoing surgery for benign gynaecological conditions.Methods Prospective, blinded study examining ascitic fluid or peritoneal washings obtained at primary surgery by flow cytometric DNA analysis and cytological examination.Results Flow cytometry detected aneuploid cells in 27/43 (63%) of malignant and 7/20 (35%) of benign fluid specimens. In malignant samples the mean aneuploid count was 38.5% (range 1–98%) with a mean S-phase fraction of 5.2% (range 0–33.9%). In benign specimens the mean aneuploid count was 30.4% (range 14.5–66.4%). Based on these results, the overall sensitivity of cytometric detection of malignant cells was 714Y0, specificity 65%, with a positive predictive value of 85.1%. False positivity was found mainly in patients with benign ovarian cysts. Further examination revealed four false negative and four false positive results, where the peritoneal fluid and ovarian tissue DNA ploidy status concurred. Assuming such results to be correct increased the sensitivity of the test to 88.5YO and specificity to 85%.Conclusions Although flow cytometry can glean information beyond the capabilities of cytological assessment, using the premise that aneuploid cells alone indicate malignancy, it remains secondary to cytology in the detection of malignant cells in peritoneal fluids.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 4715-4717 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Our research efforts have expanded upon the work previously done on the molecular composites (RNH3)2CuCl4 (R=alkyl-) by utilizing various para-substituted anilines and anilinium derivatives as design tools. The resulting structures have the general formula (RC6H4NH3)xCuCl4 (R=methyl-, fluoro-, O2N-, for x=2; R=H3N-, H3NC6H4- for x=1) and are similar to the aforementioned compounds, consisting of two-dimensional layers of corner-sharing CuCl6 octahedra, resulting in a type of perovskite lattice. Equivalent magnetic sites are eclipsed between layers in the case of a small interleaving organic moiety, such as H3NC6H4NH3, but are otherwise staggered along one or more axes. Powder susceptibility data for representative compounds containing small anilinium derivatives reveal magnetic transitions at temperatures ranging from ∼11.5 to ∼7 K, depending upon the chemical nature of the anilinium substitution and the interlayer spacing. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 834-836 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The subgap optical absorption of GaAs layers grown by low temperature molecular beam epitaxy is measured by photothermal deflection spectroscopy (PDS). The absorption increases as the growth temperature decreases at a fixed wavelength. Defect densities evaluated from the absorption spectra and the known absorption cross sections are between 1018 and 1019 cm−3. It is shown that complementary PDS phase spectra can be used to separate the absorption of the epitaxial layers from the bulk. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 787-789 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: High resolution x-ray diffraction (HRXRD) is proposed as a nondestructive tool for the characterization of the silicon on insulator (SOI) film in bonded wafers. Although the bonded stack may consist of many amorphous layers, the measured diffraction spectra only show the crystalline SOI layer, thus providing a direct measurement of the film. We have demonstrated that HRXRD is capable of accurately measuring the film thickness, the tilt of the film planes with respect to the substrate planes, and the rotation misalignment of the bonded film with respect to the carrier substrate. SOI films with thicknesses down to 30 nm were readily measured with accuracy better than 1%. It is shown that an angular separation between the layer and the substrate diffraction peaks is maintained due to an unintentional miscut which usually exists in the starting wafers used for bonding. This angular separation is unique to bonded wafers as opposed to separation by implanted oxygen (SIMOX) wafers where the layer and substrate peaks are nonseparable. Calculated diffraction spectra based on the kinematic approach showed excellent agreement with the measured diffraction. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We report in vivo laser computed tomographic images of the proximal interphalangeal joint region of a healthy human volunteer's index finger. The laser computed tomographic (CT) images were obtained with a highly sensitive coherent detection imaging method that is based on the optical heterodyne detection method. These laser CT images are compared at the wavelengths of 715 nm and 1.064 μm and with images obtained by conventional imaging methods such as x-ray CT and magnetic resonance imaging. Internal structures of the proximal interphalangeal joint region could be clearly identified in the laser CT images. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 74 (1999), S. 2737-2739 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: A wavelength-tunable actively mode-locked erbium fiber ring laser was demonstrated using a Fabry–Perot semiconductor modulator. The modulator played the simultaneous roles of an intensity mode locker and a tunable optical filter. Stable single- or dual-wavelength nearly transform-limited picosecond pulses at gigabit repetition rates were generated. Continuous wavelength tuning was achieved by simply controlling the temperature of the modulator. Pulse train with a repetition rate up to 19.93 GHz (eight times the driving frequency) was obtained by using rational harmonic mode-locking technique. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 3501-3503 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The structural and mechanical properties of ion-beam deposited (B0.5−xSix)N0.5 films (0≤x≤0.5) were characterized by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, infrared absorption experiments, and nanoindentation tests. A single-layer BN film (x=0) has 70 vol. % in cubic phase (c-BN), and a hardness of 38 GPa. However, it peeled off very soon after deposition due to the high internal stress. If a buffer layer was deposited first, followed by a (B0.5−xSix)N0.5 film with x≈0.013, the whole configuration adhered very firmly to both quartz and silicon substrates. This improvement in adhesion was probably due to the formation of Si–N bonds, which served to release partly the stress inside the (B0.5−xSix)N0.5 films. Since the Si content was low, the film structure remained highly cubic, and there was no observable drop in hardness. For higher x, the cubic structure in (B0.5−xSix)N0.5 films disappeared rapidly and was replaced by a hexagonal structure. This structural change led to a rapid drop in hardness from 38 to 12 GPa. As x was further increased, more Si–N bonds were formed in the (B0.5−xSix)N0.5 layers. As a result, the hardness increased from the minimum value to a value ≈24 GPa. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 1954-1956 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Electrical single- and dual-wavelength tuning and three-wavelength operation of an actively mode-locked fiber ring laser generating picosecond pulses were demonstrated by using a cavity with large dispersion. A continuous tuning range up to ∼37 nm of single-wavelength picosecond pulses at ∼1 GHz was achieved by only changing the modulation frequency. Continuous wavelength tuning of dual-wavelength (18.5 nm spacing) 3 GHz picosecond pulses was also demonstrated with a tuning range up to ∼17 nm. The tuning ranges were mainly limited by the gain bandwidth of the Er-doped fiber. Simultaneous generation of three-wavelength picosecond pulses at ∼2 GHz was also demonstrated by further increasing the cavity dispersion. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 3354-3356 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We present a highly sensitive fiber temperature sensor based on a gain-switched Fabry–Perot semiconductor laser self-seeded from a linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating. A temperature resolution of better than 0.1 °C was demonstrated. This sensor not only has the advantage of robustness against fluctuating light levels, but also obviates the need for fine wavelength discrimination. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 891-893 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Electrical tuning of wavelength has been demonstrated in a harmonically mode-locked fiber laser using a compensated dispersion-tuning approach. The cavity consists of a standard single-mode fiber (SMF) and a dispersion-compensated fiber (DCF), providing equal and opposite group velocity dispersion to wavelength components around 1.55 μm. Tuning is achieved by controlling the delay time between electrical pulse signals applied to two modulators connecting the SMF and the DCF. The tuning relation exhibits a linear characteristic and matches with the calculated result. A 21.5 nm tuning range is obtained with an extinction ratio as high as 47 dB at a constant operating frequency of 1 GHz. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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