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  • 1
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. To determine the possible role of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (VDCC) and Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa) channels in the regulation of resting tone of arteries from young spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), mechanical responses to the agents which interact with these channels were examined in endothelium-denuded strips of femoral arteries from 4 week old SHR and age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Systolic blood pressures at this age were not significantly different between SHR and WKY.2. The strips from SHR, but not from WKY, maintained a myogenic tone; that is, the resting tone decreased when nifedipine was added.3. Studies using 1 or 5 min pulse labelling of the strips with 45Ca showed that the basal Ca2+ influx was increased in SHR when compared with WKY, and this increase in SHR was abolished by nifedipine. Similar results were obtained when the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in the resting state of the strips was measured by fura-PE3.4. The addition of charybdotoxin (ChTX, a blocker of large conductance Kca channels) to the resting state caused a concentration-dependent contraction, which was much greater in SHR than in WKY. The ChTX-induced contraction in SHR was abolished by nifedipine.5. In strips preloaded with 86Rb, the basal 86Rb efflux rate constant was significantly greater in SHR than in WKY. The increase in 86Rb efflux in SHR was abolished by nifedipine.6. The results suggest that the Ca2+ influx via L-type VDCC was increased in the resting state of the femoral artery from 4 week old SHR, and therefore the myogenic tone was maintained and ChTX-sensitive K+ channels were highly activated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 102 (1995), S. 1553-1560 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Threshold photoelectron spectra of the xenon dimer have been observed with a resolution of 2 meV in the wavelength range 920–945 A(ring) and 1022–1112 A(ring) using the penetrating field technique and synchrotron radiation. Threshold photoelectron bands associated with transitions to the A2 Σ+1/2u, B2 Π3/2g, C2 Π3/2u, C2 Π1/2u, and D2 Σ+1/2g states of Xe+2 have been identified. Vibrational structure associated with the C2 Π1/2u state has been observed for the first time and a new value of the D2 Σ+1/2g state ionization potential is reported. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Current research on the Earth's upper atmosphere requires molecular parameters of unprecedented detail and accuracy. For example, state-of-the-art models of the vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) absorbing properties of the atmosphere call for absorption cross sections with details on the scale of the Doppler linewidths. As a consequence, spectroscopic data at resolving powers of the order of 106 are needed. Current particular needs are for ultra-high-resolution absorption cross-section data for some bands of NO and O2 in the 170–185 nm spectral region. To meet these requirements, an existing, portable, VUV Fourier-transform (FT) spectrometer will be moved to a synchrotron-radiation facility (Photon Factory, KEK, Japan) and VUV photoabsorption cross sections of NO and O2 will be measured. It has been demonstrated so far with emission line sources that the FT spectrometer will perform to ≤139 nm. Extension of work on absorption measurements to shorter wavelengths and with ultrahigh resolution requires an improved light source. Synchrotron radiation from a storage ring facility is the best alternative. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A large-aperture (150 mm and 230 mm in diameter) x-ray TV-type detector has been developed for x-ray diffraction with synchrotron radiation. The detector consists of a beryllium-windowed x-ray image intensifier, an optical lens, a charge coupled device (CCD) image sensor, and data acquisition system. The spatial resolution is 270 μm(FWHM), and the dynamic range is 6000:1. The noise level is quantum limited. The nonuniformity of response and image distortion is corrected by software. When a TV-rate (NTSC-mode) CCD is used as an image sensor, time-resolved measurements with a rate of 30 frame/s can be achieved with its noise quantum limited. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 2536-2538 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have measured the spectra of visible light emitted from the individual structures of porous Si (PS) below the probe tip of the scanning tunneling microscope (STM), and found that the peak energy of the emission spectrum shifts with the size of nanometer-scale structures on the PS surface. Samples with a PS layer ∼50 nm thick were formed by anodic etching of p+Si(100) substrates (∼0.005 Ω cm). The STM images show that protrusions whose dimensions are 3–10 nm in diameter are distributed on the PS surface. The peak energy of the STM light emission spectrum shifts from ∼1.7 to ∼2.1 eV as the diameter of the structure below the STM tip decreases from ∼9 to ∼3 nm. The measured peak shift with the size of the structure is consistent with the shift of the energy gap predicted on the basis of a quantum confinement model. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 665-666 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: GaN films were prepared by hot wall epitaxy on sapphire (0001) substrates from Ga and NH3 sources. Growth characteristics of the GaN films were investigated from reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and x-ray diffraction measurements, and effects of initial layers on the film growth are discussed. High quality films with streak RHEED patterns were obtained when the films were grown on a GaN initial layer prepared by Ga predeposition and its nitridation on surface nitrided sapphire substrates. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 6136-6138 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An analytical magnetic force microscopy has been applied to investigate the relationship between the remanent magnetization and the film microstructure for various types of CoCr-alloy single-layer perpendicular media. The minimum size of irregular magnetic domain in CoCr and CoCrTa media is found to be an unit crystal grain, while that of CoCrPt media includes at least four magnetic crystal grains. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A compact pinhole camera is found to be useful for observation of a spatial distribution of hot ions by imaging energetic charge-exchange neutral atoms. One can obtain images of neutral atoms and of x rays in the same geometry only by selecting filtering foils at the pinhole opening of a single camera. Easy comparison between the images associated with distributions of ions and electrons is quite beneficial for physical analyses of plasmas. The imaging technique is expected also to be useful to determine space–time-resolved energy spectra of hot ions. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 2591-2596 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present here investigations of the initial steps in the formation of ultrathin carbon films on a carbon highly oriented pyrolytic graphite substrate by the deposition of low energy carbon ions at temperatures from ambient to 300 °C. We used an ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunneling microscopy to observe the growth of these films. At a nanometer scale, we revealed a roughening transition of the island's growth, from lateral to tridimensional growth. Also, here we introduce the scaling analysis of roughness to describe the evolution of the morphology of the interface during growth. The ultrathin film formation mechanisms are studied as a function of ion density and annealing. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 51 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: It is suggested that eosinophils (Eos) play an important role in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma by releasing cytotoxic cationic eosinophil granule proteins and damaging bronchial epithelial cells. However, the exact nature of the actual inducer of eosinophil degranulation in vivo is unclear. We examined eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) release from human Eos in response to soluble agonists such as C5a, C3a, platelet-activating factor, and FMLP with or without interleukin (IL)-3 or IL-5 priming. Eosinophil degranulation induced by these soluble agonists required the pretreatment of Eos by cytochalasin B even in IL-3 priming. Among four agonists, C5a was the most effective stimulus of ECP release either with or without IL-5 priming. IL-3 and IL-5 remarkably enhanced ECP release in Eos triggered by C3a and C5a. The enhancement of ECP release by IL-3 and IL-5 occurred at 0.1–0.3 ng/ml and became maximal at 10–30 ng/ml, concentration-dependently. The enhancement of ECP release by cytokines became optimal at an interval of 10 min. Our data support the importance of complement components and cytokines in eosinophil degranulation in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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