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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Diabetic nephropathy ; risk factors ; ACE polymorphism ; glycaemic control ; hypertension.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Diabetic nephropathy represents a major complication in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Intervention trials using angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have pointed towards the important pathogenetic role of the renin-angiotensin system. Recently an insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism for the gene encoding the ACE has been described, the deletion type being associated with higher plasma ACE levels. As the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system might also be activated in this setting, we determined the ACE genotype together with other risk factors for the development of diabetic nephropathy in 122 patients with IDDM from a single centre with (n = 63) and without (n = 59) nephropathy. Long-term glycaemic control was evaluated using mean HbA1c values from the last 10 years. The two patient group were comparable with regard to duration of diabetes and glycaemic control as assessed by current HbA1c values. However, mean long-term HbA1c values were significantly higher in patients with diabetic nephropathy as was systemic blood pressure. The DD genotype was more prevalent in patients with renal disease. In the subgroup of patients who had had diabetes for more than 20 years (n = 90), the DD genotype was even more frequent in patients with nephropathy, and blood pressure and long-term HbA1c values were also higher in patients with renal disease. Logistic regression analysis revealed long-term glycaemic control, blood pressure and the ACE genotype to be independent risk factors for the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy. [Diabetologia (1997) 40: 327–331]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1858
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Technology
    Notes: Abstract  Microsystems recently have been introduced as tools for screening in modern chemistry, biochemistry and biology. It has been shown that new microsystems can be implemented in the biomedical laboratory by using the microsystemic approach for the sample carrier – the miniaturized microtiter plate (“the nanotiter plate”) – or the production of nanodroplets with ink jetters and to integrate those systems in macrodevices like xyz tables and detection devices like CCD-cameras. We show in this paper that decisive problems of the approach – the evaporation problem and the problem of chemical/biochemical/biological compatibility of the assays and the used materials can be solved successfully. It is possible to realize chemical synthesis in miniaturized flow systems and to perform isothermal amplification of RNA in silicon wafers. Furthermore real high throughput screening with in vivo systems can be performed and all relevant parameters as evaporation, pipetting and detection can be controlled on reasonable time scales.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Schlafwandeln ; Komplexes Verhalten im Schlaf ; Arousals ; Schlafentzug ; Schlafstadienwechsel ; Stimuli ; Key words Sleepwalking ; Complex behaviour in sleep ; Arousals ; Sleep deprivation ; Stage shifts ; Stimuli
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary
    Notes: Zusammenfassung
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1434-3924
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter All-inside-Technik ; VKB-Rekonstruktion ; Anatomiegerechte Transplantatfixierung ; Scheibenwischereffekt ; Isokinetiktest ; Key words All-inside technique ; ACL reconstruction ; Anatomically correct graft fixation ; Windshield-wiper effect ; Isokinetic test
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Biomechanically correct positioning of the replacement material is vital for a successful operation in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery. However, intra-articular fixation of the ACL to the anatomic origin and insertion has not yet been performed using any surgical technique. The transtibial canal is the principle underlying all previous ACL reconstruction operations. External fixation at such a distance exerts substantial strain on the graft in the tibial canal. This strain is due to a “windshield-wiper motion” occurring with each extension and flexion of the knee. Detrimental shearing forces at the graft’s point of exit additionally weaken the replacement material. The all-inside technique is an innovative development in arthroscopic ACL surgery which obviates the need for a transtibial canal and fixes the graft anatomically correctly to the femoral origin and tibial insertion. The way in which the lateral third of the patellar tendon is excised is new. No patellar bone core is removed. Thus long-term post-operative patellar pain, which is otherwise frequent, does not occur. The chief advantages of the all-inside technique are as follows: anatomic graft fixation to the origin and insertion of the ACL; no graft overloading in a transtibial canal, shear stresses and the windshield-wiper effect are eliminated; a dorsally open, tibial fixation angle of the graft, which counteracts ventral translation forces of the tibia; simplified revision possibilities; and a lower morbidity rate. The greatly reduced morbidity of patients operated on with this technique ensures a faster and more successful rehabilitation and a sufficient muscular build-up. For all isokinetic test parameters investigated, the all-inside technique consistently yielded the best results.
    Notes: Die biomechanisch und anatomisch korrekte Plazierung des Transplantats ist Grundlage für den Operationserfolg in der vorderen Kreuzbandchirurgie. Eine anatomiegerechte Fixierung am anatomischen Ursprung und Ansatzes des vorderen Kreuzbands konnte aber bisher von keiner Operationstechnik realisiert werden. Grundprinzip aller Ersatzoperationen des vorderen Kreuzbands ist ein transtibialer Kanal, in welchem die Fixierung des Transplantats fern des eigentlichen anatomischen Ansatzes erfolgt. Diese nichtanatomische Fixierung verursacht eine erhebliche Transplantatbeanspruchung im transtibialen Kanal, die auch als Scheibenwischereffekt bezeichnet wird. Zusätzlich erfolgt eine erhebliche Scherbelastung an der Transplantataustrittsstelle, die zu einer zusätzlichen Tranplantatschwächung führt. Die All-inside-Technik ist eine neue, innovative Operationstechnik zur vorderen Kreuzbandrekonstruktion, die auf einen transtibialen Kanal verzichtet und das Transplantat anatomiegerecht fixiert. Das laterale Patellarsehnentransplantat wird mit einer neuen Entnahmetechnik ohne patellaren Knochenblock entnommen. Die postoperative Patellarsehnenproblematik entfällt dadurch. Hauptvorteile der All-inside-Technik sind die anatomiegerechte Transplantatfixierung am anatomischen Ursprung und Ansatz, die fehlende Transplantatüberanspruchung in einem transtibialen Kanal, ein nach dorsal offener tibialer Fixierungswinkel, welcher ventralen Transplantationskräften der Tibia entgegenwirkt, vereinfachte Revisionsmöglichkeiten und eine geringere Gesamtmorbidität. Die Reduktion der Morbidität erlaubt eine schnelle und erfolgreiche postoperative Rehabilitation. Bei allen im Isokinetiktest untersuchten Parametern zeigte die All-inside-Technik die besseren Ergebnisse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 1 (1998), S. 305-311 
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: PACS. 47.55.Mh Flows through porous media - 82.45.+z Electrochemistry and electrophoresis - 46.30.Pa Friction, wear, adherence, hardness, mechanical contacts, and tribology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: Edison discovered that the coefficient of friction between a metallic plate and a porous material moistened with a dilute electrolyte could be modulated by an electric field. In experiments on the same kind of contacts (clays or chalks on carbon or metals) but without continuous tangential relative motion we measure two electro-mechanical effects at frequencies of the order of 10 kHz. An alternating field induces an alternating normal force between the porous material and the conducting base. The force is lagging by versus the field. A forced normal relative motion induces through the contact a current nearly in phase with the motion. For an explanation we start from Helmholtz theory of stationary electrophoretic phenomena. We present a model in which liquid motions obey the Helmholtz laws. It explains decently the phase relations between causes and effects, and approximately the values of the effects. In optical experiments on contacts between a wet clay and the transparent conducting coating of a glass plate we measure in the frequency range 1-100 kHz a modulation of reflecting power induced by an alternating potential. The decrease of reflecting power is lagging by an angle close to behind the field. We think the modulation observed is induced by a modulation of the amount of liquid in the film present between glass and clay. In friction experiments this alternating liquid lubrication acting exclusively at the very places where friction occurs may have significant effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Keywords Multiple myeloma ; Renal failure ; Peripheral blood stem cell transplantation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Multiple myeloma with IgG-lambda monoclonal gammopathy and severe renal impairment with light-chain deposit disease was diagnosed in a 51-year-old man. Following conventional therapy with VAD (vincristine, adriamycin, dexamethasone) a partial remission was achieved. Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) were then collected following mobilization with cyclophosphamide and recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and enriched for CD34-positive cells by immunoaffinity column. Fourteen months after diagnosis high-dose melphalan was given, followed by infusion of CD34-positive PBSC. Aside from mild oral mucositis and trigonitis, high-dose therapy was tolerated well. After he underwent PBSC transplantation his renal function improved, and the patient has been in in continuous complete remission for 1 year. Thus, high-dose chemotherapy can be safely administered to patients with multiple myeloma and severe renal impairment. Our findings confirm previous reports summarized in the current presentation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Reliable computing 1 (1995), S. 209-214 
    ISSN: 1573-1340
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-4994
    Keywords: Bichromophore ; intramolecular electronic energy transfer ; photophysical processes ; internal conversion process ; process of singlet–triplet conversion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Results of experimental and theoretical research for three bichromophore molecules, trans-stilbene-CH2-coumarin 120 (I), 4-methylumbelliferone-CH2-UC 17, and 4-(3-fluoro)-methylumbelliferone-CH2-UC 17 (II, III), are presented. Schemes of photophysical processes in the bichromophore molecules based on quantum chemical calculations by the INDO method and theory of radiationless transitions in polyatomic organic molecules are suggested. After optical excitation to the strong donor absorption band, the fast internal conversion processes develop there. As a result, the molecule is found in the S 1 * -state localized on the acceptor moiety. It is shown that a mechanism of intramolecular transfer energy in bichromophores different from that proposed by Förster may be realized. Excitation energy, initially located on D, will be transferred from the donor moiety to the acceptor chromophore in convenience of the internal conversion process. The intramolecular electronic energy transfer from energy donor to energy acceptor may be interpreted as the internal conversion process. The rate constants of internal conversion are calculated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 70 (1998), S. 1205-1205 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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